Viktor Petrovich Astafev - Biography. Okugadzira zvinhu, rudo upenyu, mapikicha

Vakawanda vedu kurangarira mabasa Victor Petrovich Astafieva yechikoro hweutungamiri. Izvi hondo nyaya, uye nyaya youpenyu zvakaoma mumusha Russian murimi mudiki, uye zvichiratidza pamusoro nzvimbo pamberi uye pashure zviitiko hondo munyika. Zvirokwazvo munyori renyika rakanga Viktor Petrovich Astafev! Biography ake - muenzaniso kutambura uye anosuwa ariko nevakariri murume ari nguva Stalinism wakajeka. Mabasa ake vanhu Russian anotaurwa kwete muchimiro ane gamba renyika-simba rose, izvo zvinogona kukurira chero matambudziko uye kurasikirwa, sezvo warinozokwidzwa kumiririra panguva. Munyori akaratidza zvakaoma sei mutoro hondo uye udzvinyiriri hwechiKomonisiti kuti vakakunda panguva iyoyo munyika, nokuti mano Russian murimi mudiki.

Viktor Astafjevs: Biography

Akazvarwa munyori May 1, 1924 muna Krasnodar mudunhu, mumusha Oatmeal nzvimbo weSoviet. It nokutambidzwa uduku ari munyori. baba vomukomana, Peter Pavlovich Astafjevs, uye mai, Lydia Ilinichna Potylitsyn vaiva vanhuwo zvavo, aiva upfumi simba. Asi munguva collectivization mhuri yakanga kuvadzinga. vanasikana vaviri vakura Peter Pavlovich uye Lydia Ilinichny akafa achiri mucheche. nokukurumidza Victor akasiya pasina vabereki. baba vake akanga asungwa "sabhoteji." Amai akandwe Yenisei, paakanga 7 nemakore. Chaiva netsaona. Igwa iro Lydia Ilinichna pakati vamwe akananga kurwizi kuti vanosangana nemurume wake mujeri, rakapidiguka. Iye ndokuwira mumvura, mukadzi abatwa oblique nokuda Bon uye rikanyuramo. Pakafa vabereki vake mukomana akakurira mumhuri navanasekuru. Link anyore mwana akauya mangwanani. Gare gare, sezvo munyori, Astafjevs akayeuka sei mbuya vangu Katherine akamuti "vrushey" nokuti magumo fungidziro. Upenyu panguva mukomana yekare zvaiita rungano. Akanga ari chete yakajeka ndangariro yake uduku. Mushure chiitiko, chikoro Victor yakatumwa kuchikoro chebhodhin'i mumusha Igarka. Ikoko akagara upenyu zvakaoma. Mukomana kazhinji besprizornichal. Mudzidzisi Christmas yevanogara Ignatius akaona ari vadzidzi chido kuverenga. Akaedza kuukurukura. Kunyora mukomana pamusoro wake kufarira nyanza pashure kunzi usingafi basa rake "Vasyutkin gungwa" paakava yakakurumbira munyori. Paizopera mukirasi kuchikoro chesekondari wechitanhatu, Victor anosvika kuchiteshi chikoro FZO. Apedza muna 1942.

akura

Pashure paizvozvo, jaya imwe nguva kushanda pachiteshi Train wemafuta pedyo neguta Krasnoyarsk. Hondo vakauya pamusoro muupenyu hwake. Mumatsutso chete, muna 1942, akazvipira kuti kumberi. Pano aiva, uye artrazvedchikom, uye mutyairi uye signalman. Viktor Astafjevs akarwira Poland, Ukraine, icharwirwa Kursk. Munguva kurwa, akanga zvakakomba vakakuvadzwa uye goko-kwakashamisa. ugamba ake zvechiuto paakavapa Medals "Nokuti Noushingi", "Nokuti kusunungurwa kwePoland", "Nokuti Victory pamusoro Germany" uye hurongwa Red Star. Pashure demobilization muna 1945 muna Urals Chusovoy rinopedza Viktor Petrovich Astafev. Biography ake akanga kuita denderedzwa idzva. Rinotanga mumwe, rugare upenyu. Pano anobudisa uye wake, uyo akazozivikanwa somunhu munyori - M. S. Koryakinu. Vaiva vanhu vakasiyana zvachose. Around Victor nguva dzose raiva rakayangarara vakadzi. Yaiva anonakidza zvikuru munhu. Zvinozivikanwa kuti ane vanasikana vaviri vasiri. mudzimai wake godo, Maria. Iye akarota kuti murume wake akanga akatendeka kuna mhuri. Pano, Chusovoy, Victor anotora chimwe basa zvokudya vana vavo. The muchato akanga aberekwa matatu. The Maria uye Victor musikana mukuru vakarasika. Akanga chete kwemwedzi mishomanana apo iye akafa muchipatara kubva zvikuru dyspepsia. Izvi zvakaitika muna 1947. Uye muna 1948, Astafieva mwanasikana wechipiri aberekwa, iyo yainzi Ira. Pashure 2 years mumhuri aiva mwanakomana Andrew. Children Viktor Petrovich Astafieva akakura mune utsinye ezvinhu. Nokuda ezvinhu utano, vasanyanya nehondo, munyori ramangwana akasagona kudzokera dzakagadzirirwa ake, wakagadzirirwa mukurovedza mufekitari. Chusovoy aifanira kushanda nesimba uye makanika uye loader, uye foundry panguva fekitari yemo, uye pesin zvitunha panguva soseji mufekitari, uye nomuvezi yokuchengetera mabhuku.

The kutanga okusika nzira

Kunyora bhizimisi achiri kunosanganisira remangwana vanatenzi veshoko. Pano, Chusovoy, apinda mabhuku denderedzwa. Uyu ndiwo sei anorangarira Viktor Petrovich Astafev. Biography ake anozivikanwa zvishoma, saka vaverengi ake anokosha chero zvakadzama chokuita hwake zvinhu uye. "The kuda kunyora, ndaiva nokukurumidza. Ndinorangarira zvikuru, panguva iyoyo, kana ndakapinda mabhuku denderedzwa, mumwe mabasa verenga nyaya yake achangowana zvakanyorwa. Artwork akarova kwandiri artificiality yayo, unnaturalness. I akarikunda uye vakanyora nyaya. Yakanga chisikwa yangu yokutanga. Mariri ndakataura pamusoro shamwari dzake yehondo "- akataura pamusoro wake debut munyori. Zita wokutanga chigadzirwa - "ndokuendeswa". "Chusovoi mushandi" yakabudiswa mupepanhau muna 1951, ndiyo. Nyaya zvakabudirira. Next makore mana, munyori ari mabhuku kushamwaridzana anodhinda magazini. Muna 1953, muguta Perm, ake muunganidzwa ngano pfupi yokutanga vanoda "Kusvikira inotevera yechirimo." Uye muna 1958 Astafjevs akanyora yokufungidzira "yanyunguduka Snow", iro pachena zvinetso kumaruwa mupurazi rehurumende upenyu. Nokukurumidza, kuunganidzwa ngano pfupi chechipiri vanoda "Lights" akavasunungurira Viktor Astafjevs. "Stories vana" - akarondedzera munyori ndiye zvaakasika.

Ngano "Starodub". The kuchinja ari munyori

Viktor Astafjevs runoonekwa kuti kuzvipira akadzidzisa. Education sezvo vakadaro haana kuwana, asi nguva dzose yakaedza kuvandudza professionalism yavo. Kuti izvi zvidaro, munyori mumakore 1959-1961 kudzidza panguva Higher mabhuku mapoka muMoscow. Magazini yacho Urals nguva rinobudisa mabasa ake Viktor Petrovich Astafev, ane Biography rinotaurwa pano. Mavari, iye Anosimudza rikwanise dambudziko paumbwe yevanhu munhu, kukura mune akaoma ezvinhu 30s, 40s. Ndivo nyaya se "Theft", "Last Bow", "Pane hondo rinorira" uye vamwe. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti vazhinji vavo vari autobiographical. Pano uye chiitiko nherera upenyu, anounzwa dzose utsinye uye dispossession pamusoro vanhuwo zvavo, uye zvakawanda. The kuchinja basa Astafieva akava yokufungidzira ake "Starodub", zvakanyorwa muna 1959. Action zvinotora nzvimbo isina Siberian ugari yekare. Ideas uye tsika Old Vatendi havana kukonzera tsitsi Victor. Taiga mitemo, "rwokuzvarwa kutenda", maererano munyori, haiponesi munhu kusurukirwa uye kugadzirisa kudzvanya matambudziko. Mugumo mabasa - rufu protagonist. ruoko The akafa yomurume pachinzvimbo makenduru - ruva Starodub.

Astafjevs pamusoro Russian hunhu munyaya "Musoja naamai"

Kana dzinotevedzana romunyori mabasa vakatanga pamusoro "Russian National hunhu"? Maererano vakawanda mabhuku vatsoropodzi, pamwe nenyaya Astaf'eva "musoja uye amai." At huru unhu kusikwa asina zita. It rinosanganisa vakadzi vose Russian pamwoyo izvo vakapfuura "rinorema simbi vhiri hondo". Pano munyori pave mhando yevanhu vakadaro kuti kukanganisa chokwadi kwavo, zvechokwadi, "zvisikwa wechokwadi." Hwakazara, uye sei zvakachengeteka tenzi mumabasa ake anoratidza matambudziko anorwadza evanhu kukura. Kwainyanya, izvo anokwevera kufemera kubva Astafev Viktor Petrovich - Biography. The pfupi shanduro hazvingaiti kumutsa muverengi mwoyo itirana kunzwa. naizvozvo zvino anonzi upenyu munyori zvakaoma chaizvo zvizere.

The Musoro hondo mabasa munyori

Muna 1954 akauya "mwana kufarira" nemunyori. Zviri pamusoro nyaya "The mufudzi uye mufudzikadzi." Mazuva 3 chete tenzi vakanyora nekubatwa mapeji 120. Gare gare, akanga achangobva kukwenenzverwa wenyaya. Story aisada kudhinda excised zvachose kubva kwaari zvimedu yose kuti haana kubvumira kusenza. Chete pashure pemakore 15, munyori akakwanisa kusunungura icho chepakutanga chimiro. Pakati chokurondedzera - nyaya wechidiki wehondo Boris Kostyaeva platoon, riri kuona kutyisa hondo, asi achiri anofa kubva maronda uye kuneta muchitima akatakura naye necheshure. rudo womukadzi haiponesi huru hunhu. Munyaya munyori anokwevera muverengi inotyisa mufananidzo hondo uye rufu, izvo iye anotakura. Hazvina kuoma kuona nei chigadzirwa aisada kurega muchiedza. Vanhu vakarwa uye akunda hondo, yaiva tsika kuti zvinomiririra simba, simba, havanzwi. Maererano nyaya tenzi, haana chete vanobwembura asiwo kuparadza. Uye rufu uye yezve vanhu vachitambura kwete chete nokuda nechisimba, uyo akauya munyika yavo, asiwo kuda pevatongi ezvinhu, richipararira munyika. Astafieva okugadzira zvinhu Victor kukasawedzerwa, uye mamwe mavara nemabasa akadai 'Sasha Lebedev "," Vavhiringidzwa kurara "," Hands mukadzi "," India "," yebhuruu rubvunzavaeni "," Russian Diamond "," pazuva zvakajeka imomo "uye vamwe.

"Bindu ode Russian kicheni" ngano - rwiyo kuti murimi mudiki nokusimba

Muna 1972, ayo inotevera chigadzirwa anosunungura Astafev Viktor Petrovich. Biography, mupfupi shanduro iyo chinopiwa pano unofadza zvikuru. Munyori akakurira mumusha. Akaona naye mukati kunze. Akanga asina mutorwa kuti kutambura uye nematambudziko vanhu vanobatanidzwa shure-muchirwadzisa basa kuti rakajairika kwaari kubva pauduku. "Bindu ode Russian kicheni" ngano - basa rudzi anthem murimi mudiki basa. Writer E. Nosov akati kwaari: "Zvinonzi zvisina haazvibatanidzi uye dzinoimbwa kuti ..." Nokuti bindu rakanaka musha mukomana - hazvina chete nzvimbo unogona 'vazadze dumbu ", uye yose izere zvakavanzwa. Ndicho iye uye chikoro upenyu, uye Academy of Arts Akanaka. Patinoverenga "ode" haasiyi kunzwa kusuruvara vakarasika kupindirana okurima basa, izvo zvinoita munhu kuwana ukama woupenyu naamai zvakasikwa.

Story "Last Bow" Upenyu mumusha

Murimi mudiki dingindira munyori Viktor Astafjevs riri kuwedzera mamwe mabasa ake. Mumwe wavo - nhevedzano nyaya pfupi vanoda "Last Bow". Nhoroondo rokutanga munhu. Pakati pakusikwa munyori - njodzi musha vana vane pauduku rakaenderana makore 30s, kana nyika akatanga collectivization uye vechidiki - kuti "moto" rechi40. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti dzino nyaya akasikwa makumi maviri (kubvira muna 1958 kusvika 1978.). Wokutanga rondedzero akasiyana zvishoma lyrical kwamagwaro, anokunyengedzera zvinosetsa. Ichipenya kuda munyori munyaya yokupedzisira pachena zvakasimba rokushora hurongwa kuti anoparadza National hwaro yeupenyu. Vakaridza shungu uye rakavhurika rinosekesa.

Ngano "Mambo-hove" - rwendo yake yaakaberekerwa

Pamabasa ake, munyori anovandudza dingindira richengetedzwe tsika dzenyika. Ake nyaya inoti "Mambo-hove", kusunungurwa chiedza muna 1976, iri pedyo mumweya kuti ichitanga nyaya upenyu hwokumaruwa. Muna 2004 iri Krasnoyarsk aiva shongwe chokuremekedza 80th gore munyori. Zvino ndiye mumwe zviratidzo muguta. Pakazosvika nguva bhuku rakabudiswa kare kucherechedzwa uye nevakawanda munyori anova Viktor Astafjevs. Fungidzira nayo - pamapeji pamberi magazini chaiko. Tingatii pamusoro bhuku? An dzinonakidza zvamarudzi zvokudya zvinhu zviri chigadzirwa. Munyori anorondedzera pristine hunhu, ndisina kuzivana budiriro, vanhu upenyu mukudzika kweSiberia. Vanhu vane tsika dzave akarasika, ane zvinzvimbo vari simba kudhakwa, poaching, kuba, ushingi, muri pathetic.

War nganonyorwa "Ngaatukwe uye vakauraya" - kutsoropodzwa Stalinism

Muna 1980 akatamira kunyika yake - mu Krasnoyarsk - Viktor Astafjevs. Biography pano haachinji nani. Makore mashomanana pashure kutamira pakarepo afa mwanasikana Irina munyori. Viktor uye Maria Semenovna udzokewo vana vake, vazukuru vake Pauline uye Vitya. Ukuwo, zviri pano, pamba, pane tenzi rokusika zvatinganzwa. Akanyora mabasa akadai "Zaberega" "madodzi madodzi", "fungidziro chando vasakukurwa," "Rufu," chitsauko wokupedzisira "Last Bow" uye vamwe. Pano akasikwa kubva ledger yake yehondo - the yokufungidzira "Ngaatukwe uye vakauraya". kusikwa uyu munyori chinosiyanisa hasha, categorical, hasha. Kunyora Romana Astafev akanga paakavapa State Prize kweRussia.

Gore ra2001 yakanga iri munyori usingafi nyaya zvinouraya. Anopedza nguva yakawanda ari muchipatara. Kurohwa maviri inosiya pasina tariro kupora. shamwari dzake akakumbira Krasnoyarsk Regional Council of vevatariri pamusoro hurumende ichiisa mari mishonga munyori kunze. Kukurukura nyaya iyi rava yavasina nemunyori. Pakanga pasina mari dzinounzwa. Doctors, Ndakatambanudzira maoko ake, murwere kumusha kufa. November 29, 2001, akafa Viktor Astafjevs. Mafirimu akaita mabasa ake, uye nhasi anonakidza zvikuru vateereri.