Abudise - chii ichi? Mhando abudise. Abudise kuti ruva

Abudise unowanzonzi kubviswa mvura kubva muvhu pamusoro kana kubva pachivande mabhuku. Zvinogona kuva zvose zvakasikwa uye chakagadzirwa. Abudise - dutu abudise kana pasi, akaita kuti kuvandudza unyanzvi kurima, kuti asike Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri mamiriro pakuvaka zvivako uye ezvirevo. Kune vazhinji vakadaro gadziriro. chikuru chaikosha yavo ndiyo drains the - pevhu vodoottok kuunganidza uye chinja mvura.

Kukosha abudise

Pakati abudise hurongwa munharaunda hazvisi chete kuchengeteka chivakwa, asiwo utano zvinomera zvose. Saka zvinokosha kuti zvakanaka kugadzira nayo inobva Masvomhu yakarurama. Uyezve, nyika huru panyika yacho, nani abudise hurongwa anofanira kuva, nokuti zvikasadaro harizokudzoreri chete kwete kupa kutarisirwa zvabuda, asi anogona kuvhiringa zvachose aqueous mugove muoti. Chimwe ndicho zvikanganiso varidzi dzimba uye Estates iri duku achiisa drains the, zvichitungamirira rufu nokuda gogonera nokuomesa ivhu pamiti yose.

marudzi drains the

Pane pfungwa dzakawanda shoko "abudise". Zita iri rinoshandiswa kwete chete mune zvokurima, horticulture uye kuvaka, asi mushonga uye avhiyesheni. General abudise pfungwa dzakasiyana sectors mabasa evanhu:

• In chirimwa firimu, ndiko permeable zvinhu izvo kunoshanda nokukurumidza kupedza kunyanya mwando kubva muvhu pashure kudiridza kana mvura. It rinoshandiswa kurima zvirimwa zvakasiyana-siyana musango uye yakavharwa.
• Pakuvaka abudise - nzira (zvemichina) muunganidzwa uye Kuraswa pasi mvura panyika kana mamiriro. Kushandisa yose hurongwa hwake, zvinosanganisira matsime nenyere abudise, migero, uye dzimwe namano. Vanogona kusika dzavo, asi zviri nani kuti ape zvakadaro chinokosha noumhizha. Abudise, mutengo iyo kunoenderana mutengo zvokuvakisa uye kukura chivako uye dzimwe nguva inosvika 7-10 zviuru rubles por meter, ndiyo hwaro hwayo upenyu refu basa.
• In mushonga, abudise - nzira rakasikwa kuramba water drainage zviri pamhango nadzo kana kukuvadzwa zvaipesana kwayo rwokuzvarwa kubvisa nokuda kukuvara kana chirwere. Kuti aite izvi, kushandisa dzakasiyana gadziriro.
• In avhiyesheni abudise - shoko iri akavhara Matangi pamwe mumhepo. Zvakakosha kudzivirira deformation zvavo pasi pokudzora mumhepo dzvinyiriro uye mafuta pamwero nokufamba.

Sezvo zvokurapa uye avhiyesheni zvinonetsa abudise chete rakamanikana pedenderedzwa nezvokurara, ino ichakurukura zvimwe chete rinoreva kuvaka uye zvirimwa kugadzirwa.

Kudzivirira zvivako kubva mumvura

Water abudise rokuvaka zvinoreva kuchengetedza zvivako kubva kuunyoro mukati. Zvinonzi zvakare aida kusimbisa mujinga zvivako uye zvivako uye kuderedza filtration kumanikidza nepurani yavo. Abudise zvakafanira kudzivirira nechigadziko uye kudzivisa infiltration mvura mudzimba. In mugwagwa kuvaka rinoshandiswa kwerunyararo migwagwa dzaiungana iri rakaoma mamiriro.

Kuti vagadzire abudise gadziriro inofanira kuva chirongwa kuti unofanira kufunga kwete chete zvinhu uye zvinoriumba, asi zvinoitwa nomumwe chaiyo nzvimbo uye mamiriro. Zvichienderana padanho pasi iri kwoita kwayo pamusoro nokudzika.

Mhando drainages rokuvaka

Kune mhando dzakawanda abudise mugadziriro, izvo zvinoshandiswa kuvaka. Idzi dzinosanganisira:

• Pristennaja zvinosanganisira senyere ane firita dusting. Iye akaisa pasi kunze chivakwa isapinda.
• Dam, riri mujinga mamiriro kuvakwa zvakananga pamusoro rine mvura ivhu. gadziriro iyi hydraulically zvakabatana ari tubular drains the yaiva kunze hwaro nechokure kwete asingasviki 0,7 M parusvingo. Inochengetedza chivakwa chinobva mafashamo uye pasi mvura kubva wetting ari rirambe richibvira unyoro. Dam abudise gadziriro rinowanzoshandiswa pakuvaka kudziyisa maitiro Zara uye pachivande ezvirevo. It akasikwa chete nedanho kuvakwa.
• The mhete, riri pedyo gandiwa echivako chacho kana nyika. chiito Its kwakavakirwa achideredza pasi revarombo. Sezvo kunoitika mukati mudunhu, ipapo kwakadaro abudise anotidzivirira wakanakisisa pamusoro mafashamo kuti subterranean zvikamu chivakwa. Kudzika pasi achideredza kunoenderana urongwa zvikwepa namaberere, uyewo kukura hurongwa. Ring drains the anoiswa pa chinhambwe kubva building, saka ino inogona akasikwa namarudzi kuvakwa.
• Horizontal achimiririra kubatana tubular maberere uye drains the, zvimwiro, uye kuhondo. Inopa manholes.
• Vertical abudise hurongwa unotora matsime akawanda, izvo ikashandiswa nemuteresi. Mvura iri pumped kubudikidza pombi.
• Kwakabatanidzwa Hurongwa rinosanganisira zvaimutambisira buri uye Self-priming. Rinoshandiswa kana mudziyo ari ouinjiniya kuona zvakaoma abudise enyika.

Abudise munyika

Abudise kana Suburban infield ari kumanikidzwa nechiyero, zvinodikanwa achidzikisa pasi revarombo. It chinoshandiswawo aome nemadhaka ivhu parutivi zvisingakuvadzi remvura kunze kwokurangana panyika. matanho akadaro zvakakodzera nokuda kwokuwanda mwando kunokanganisa kwete chete nheyo uye mudzimba zvezvivako, asiwo miti uye minzwa. Abudise chinodiwa kuti chiitiko kuti nzvimbo pasi pamwero inenge imwe mita. Munguva yechando uchanyangadika kana madzvotsvotsvo, Uchakurumidza ubvise nyika.

Abudise kunoitawo kuti ivhu ari kudzika hydration uye kuderedza salinity kwayo. Chakagadzirwa mvura abstraction hwezvekukurukurirana aeration ivhu raro okisijeni saturation. With murombo abudise kuoneka masora patsangadzi, akadai bhiza zvakarungwa, uye ipapo chakwata mhanza makwapa reuswa.

hurongwa kuronga

Pamberi pakuvaka abudise ino munzvimbo zvinokosha kuronga gasket kwayo. Mariri, mashoko akadai anofanira kutaurwa:

• isa sump;
• tara kukwirira (ukuru trenching uye mukakumbira materu);
• nzvimbo zvaimutambisira.

By charting kuona nhamba inodiwa sepombi, maoko, plugs, Tees, mavhu uye jecha. Paaisika munhu abudise hurongwa nhasi dzinowanzotaura geotextiles uye chemarata epurasitiki pombi abudise. Nokuti zvikasabudiswa duku Suburban nharaunda vakachera mugero upamhi masendimita 30-80 chete. Kukura uku kunozivikanwa nokudzama uye simba masvingo aro. Pasina dzinokosha sepombi Kushandisa asbestos zvigadzirwa, ane dhayamita iri 100-150 mm. In yokumusoro hafu yavo mumwena 10 mm boora. Zvikwepa abudise akaitwa pasi kutsvetera pamusoro 2-3%.

Vanachiremba vane chete umhare abudise hurongwa anoshandiswa geodesic Chishandiso - nokuputsa. In yayo kusavapo, dzinowanzotaura maviri girazi sepombi chokuita kuti rabha. Azara nemvura, uye ipapo mvura mamiriro ivo kuona ufanane jengachenga. Munogona kushandisa chivako revarombo.

Midziyo abudise goronga

Abudise chirimwa inoita basa rinokosha, saka mudziyo abudise kumigero vanofanira kungwarira zvikuru. Pashure kukarukureta of abudise hurongwa redunhu mugove akachera mugero akapoteredza unodikanwa miganhu. On Musana akadurura Crumpled nevhu uye akachiumba rive tireyi. Kupfuura jecha uchidururwa, uye iyo yakarongwa nenyere. Vakadurura marara guru. rukoko Its inofanira kuva 20-30 cm. Akurirwa akadurura ivhu vakachera kubva mugoronga. Nokushandisa geotextiles zviri ndee pamadziro yegomba, uye ipapo akapwanyika ibwe backfilling zvinhu chengarava pindana. Zvino akadira pamusoro ivhu.

Zvikwepa All abudise anofanira yabatanidza kupinda chete siyana achishandisa okubatanidza. It anoshumira mvura iyerere nhungamiro pedyo munoyerera kana mugomba. Pazuva maitiro Bends uye munzvimbo nenyere kubatanidza inokurudzirwa kuisa matsime abudise, vachibvumira kuongorora hurongwa mamiriro.

abudise mugomba

Pane vagara akavimbika oornag nzira zvinenge abudise zvose nzvimbo. With vachera inoerera anogona kutora zvakawandisa mvura Drain zvakanaka, rwizi kana dziva. Kakawanda, abudise inoerera zvinoshandiswa pamusoro yakaderera uye sandara nyika. Panguva iyoyo vakaunganidza mvura anopinda sump, kana kungoti runopwa. Kana rokuyamura sandara, akachera goronga raiva pamusoro uye akayambuka pamateru. Kuunganidza mvura huchidonha kubva panguva yayo kuti mumwe gomba akaererana wokutanga. Vose vanofanira kuva kwakabatana zvikuru mugomba. udzamu yavo inofanira kuva pamusoro 1 m. Masvingo kupa simba ravo Mowing sloped pa 20-30 °. Nevhu nevhu, vangada mawere. Izvi abudise hurongwa kunoda wepagore kucheneswa masora nemarara, kunonoka kubuda mvura. Nokuti kuchengeteka vanhu nezvipfuwo kuvadzivirira nani.

Abudise ari indoor horticulture

Kana kuwedzera zvirimwa mumba abudise kunotodiwa. With payo, mvura yakawandisa richava kubva hari mumagaba. Abudise kuti ruva - anongoda bedzi nzira kuchengeta nemidzi utano. Vachatora kufema zvakanaka. zvakafanira kuti kunyanya kana imba iri inonyatsoziva notumwe uye rudo rukuru achidiridzira maruva. Abudise kwavari ndiyo chete nzira yokupona. Vamwe miti vanoda kugara nokuisazve. In ichi mumaruva abudise yekare nani kuti kutsiva kana kusuka uye disinfected mune mhinduro kuti potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate).

Mhando abudise munyika indoor horticulture

Pane zvinhu zvinoverengeka akashandisa kusika abudise kuti ruva. Idzi dzinosanganisira:

• Rakawedzerwa ivhu, izvo zvinogona kutengwa chero unyanzvi hwakasiyana kana Hardware chitoro. Zviri chivakwa zvinhu inoshandiswa soundproofing uye kuputira. Rakawedzerwa ivhu - zvokunyama yaigadzirwa nevhu. It kunoratidzwa kwayo hygroscopicity. On Kutengeswa unogona kuwana siyana rakawedzerwa ivhu zvikamu zviduku: wakaisvonaka, unosvikirwa, hombe. It anosarudzwa zvichienderana ukuru muhari, makomba mairi uye zvirimwa. pakati rakawedzerwa ivhu (10-20 mm) kakawanda kushandiswa. Inzwi rayo mugaba pasina makomba vanofanira 1/4 kana 1/5 kukwirira muhari. In kwakajairika hari rukoko zvakakwana 1-2 cm. Keramzit akadurura rukoko jecha zvinonyadzisa, uye ipapo pasi.
• Ceramic shards, izvo rukoko ndiyo 1.5-2 cm. Saizi kwavo hazvifaniri kuva wo huru. Shards kuparadzira convex divi kumusoro. Mugore zvedongo rukoko jecha yakadururirwa 1-5 cm uye akazotaurawo lähikuva.
• The furo chisingazivi kurasikirwa chinhu. Sezvo mashoko aya hazvirevi rishandise mvura, chinowanzoonekwa vakanyanyisa hydrogel. Furo paiva zvidimbu zviduku akaisa pasi, vakafuka jecha uye ivhu.