Astafjevs, "Mufudzi mufudzikadzi": chigadzirwa pachisara pfupiso

Special munyori - muvambi bhuku rino, uye kujairika mabasa ake. Kwete, iye pamwe asingadi kunyora nhetembo ari prose. Zvisinei, kuburikidza mutsetse wake, mumashoko Vladimira Semenovicha Vysotskogo, agara "oozes mweya." Viktor Petrovich Astafev Patriotic War akazvionera. Ndiye munhuwo, uyai pamberi somuzvipiri. Nei asina kumutswa pamberi pamberi sajeni? Izvi zvinogona kunzwisiswa, kunyange pasina nokuverenga Biography yacho munyori, Zvaringana kuverenga nyaya "The mufudzi uye mufudzikadzi." Kuongororwa chigadzirwa kunoratidza kunyatsonzwisisa munyori vanotyisa uye utsinye hunhu hondo zvakadzama. Command, kureva, kutumira pasi rufu, uye kuti ave humanist mukuru bvunzo - .. hazvipindirani.

Nyaya iyi - pamusoro yokufungidzira ake "The mufudzi uye mufudzikadzi." Pfupiso yebhuku Astakhov anoshanda nesu nechivimbo zvakakwana maererano rakasiyana munyori Copyright siyana uye rethought nhoroondo zvechiuto.

Private, wokupedzisira hondo

Zvose izvi zvakaitika kwavari zvakazara. Akarwa Viktor mutyairi, mumwe signalman, mumwe murwi ... Akanga paakavapa ari Order "Red Banner", kuti menduru "Nokuti Noushingi". Rank - Private. Akaona zvose akapa vaverengi munyaya. Naizvozvo, manyorero mharidzo yake yakakura, aiona NdiTolstoy kunyatsoita, nzeve zvizere. All kuona, zvose kuti vararame, kupa vaverengi chiso hondo kwechokwadi ... dambudziko rakadaro inokosha iri kugadziriswa Astafjevs Artist munyaya "The mufudzi uye mufudzikadzi." The Kuongororwa wokutanga chikamu kutiudza kuchiva munyori kuti kusika zvisingabviri - kunyora hondo evafundisi. Ichi chinouraya, marasha, ichipfuta maatomu akafanana.

Astafyevskaya War yomufundisi

Nei munyori chevafundisi Genre anosarudzwa, nokuda tsanangudzo, idealized rugare, nyore nyika upenyu? Astafyevskaya anofudza ... chaiwo, rethought rondedzero hondo, uko firestorm kukwanisa kukurira patetizm manzwiro evanhu, runako mweya womunhu. Viktor vanyatsobvuma muverengi kuti rudo akasimba kupfuura hondo, basa rake "Mufudzi mufudzikadzi"

Kuongororwa chikamu nyaya yokutanga kuchatanga pamwe kutamira mifananidzo. Graying mukadzi ari nguvo yechinyakare chekawo haasi kuvanda misodzi, achitevedza njanji iri mhuka inowanzorimwa pamwe wakatsemuka ivhu upenyu apo inokura pane zvinonyadzisa uswa, sagebrush-wireworms hungu paChernobyl. Munziramo iye anofunga kiromita mitsetse mbariro ..

Mushure asvika zvaaida, iye anotendeukira murwi uye kuti vavariro rwendo rwake - ". Otoprela uye akanyangarika" Pyramid monument, nyeredzi iyo Zvinova pachena kuti anoisa pano munhu waaida chaizvo kwaari. mukadzi uyu - Lucy, uye akawana paguva Boris Kostyaeva refutenendi. Anotaura kuboora mashoko, chiso chake aimanikidzwa muguva, "Nei uchivata moga pakati Russia?". simba mutinhimira nyaya iyi zvakafanana achisimuka anodzimaidza "mutema zuva" pamusoro Sholokhov, izvo akaona rufu Gregory pashure wake waaida.

Astafyevskaya Fananidzo anoshanda Sholokhov kuti "Akanyarara Don"

Hakuzi resonates pamwe pakutanga Astafyan nyaya "Mufudzi mufudzikadzi" Mashoko, kuti Mihailom Aleksandrovichem zvaakasika? Pane zvokudetemba rinoreva-refu kutambura nyika Russian, chirikadzi yechiduku ...

Uyezve, kana kushandisa imwe nguva muchina unwinds Astakhov apo shure uye immerses muverengi ari anotyisa ezvinhu kurwa. Platoon refutenendi Kostyaeva akachengeta mupomerwi, amire munzira yokusvika budiriro mipengo vakapoteredzwa vokuGermany. Vakanga vaitsigira nomoto eresovtsev bhatiri ( "Katyusha"). Mberi muvengi zvakananga moto yakarova regimental pfuti. Rear - mberi-mutsetse atirari (howitzers). Zvisinei, kuti vaifamba German asi yaputsikira platoon kuhondo.

dogfight ichi anorondedzera Astafjevs. "Mufudzi mufudzikadzi" kupa muverengi mukana anenge palpable ikabatwa gehena ichi - pamwe rufu kuchema, nepanhovo, nokupwanya ichivhuvhuta Sapper nefoshoro, akapfura zvemandorokwati. Next kuti kwete wajaira hondo, refutenendi Boris Kostyaeva akarwa zamkomvzvoda foromani Nikolay Vasilevich Mohnakov. Iye akarwa, sezvo shure muganhu uye rave yakaipisisa nokuti muvengi ipapo akavanda chando, ipapo vachisvetuka kubva mairi, nokupwanya chipande uye pfuti kurira kwepfuti. Foreman zvaitsvakwa kwainyanya kurwa, akapa murayiro, akadzivirira kuvhiringidzwa refutenendi. Its womukati mamiriro chinhu chakanga chakafanana mamiriro Sholokhov kuti Grigory Melekhov, heroics, haruzvibati zvoupengo, haana kuzeza kuuraya muvengi. Zvisinei, yomukati chaizvoizvo Astafyevskaya sajeni, mweya wake chinopiswa nehondo. Ngationei kuyeuka zvaakanyora pamusoro wehurumende ichi Sholokhov: hunhu hwake haana kukwanisa kuraramisa vanyatsoona mwana mhosva - akatarisa kure.

Kukurukurirana pamwe evafundisi Genre. Zvinosiririsa chiitiko

An chinokosha kushanda zvarongwa chikamu kuongorora wokutanga achatiratidza nyaya "The mufudzi uye mufudzikadzi." Kutanga mukuru-akashungurudzwa kucherechedza, munyori kunovaka mupfungwa kuchinyanya kusvikira imwe hondo dzakashata tinoshandurirwa ari dzekare zvaiitika yomufundisi - kuvambundira mufudzi uye mufudzikadzi.

Zvisinei, vanhu ava akakurumbira kudaro European Ndiwe XVI-XVII emakore, vaduku, achitarisa mumwe nemaziso rudo, vakaisawo nenzira rine runyararo dzinongoitika nharaunda, Shandurwai munyori pachinhu munhamo zvisatomboshamisa hondo.

In Astafieva mufudzi uye mufudzikadzi - ndiyo mutana uye mutana mukadzi vakabatikana zvigare boka aurayiwa rakarasika muvengi deko. Two Zvitunha zvavanhu, zvakasimba vakabata maoko, kufukidza mumwe muviri vachiridzira. Vanovata mhiri mumba, pedyo "gomba mbatatisi."

varwi catharsis

Chiitiko ichi, izvo ndakaona masoja, kashoma kubuda anotyisa rokurwa, handizovasiyi hanya. Cherechedza kuti ndicho musimboti zvinosuruvarisa kudai rose nyaya, leitmotif kwayo, izvo nemaune otaura mangwanani mabasa Astafjevs "Mufudzi mufudzikadzi", pakarepo kukanganisa simba rinomutsa chokurondedzera.

Chii chiri kuitika pamupikicha ichi? Pakarepo varwi chete vakauraya uye vakauraya, panguva pamberi mitumbi izvi zviviri anouya catharsis, nzwisiso yomudzimu. Vane kare (zvichida zvose asi vakuru Mohnakova) regai vazivikanwe pamwe hondo uye vanoipikisa. The kuvhunduka kwakaita navo, saka chaizvo Astafjevs inoratidza kuti yezvisikwa bindira kunyarara pamariro dzavo vanodzima platoon Boris Kostyaeva kuputswa chete nokunyengetera kuti nomuzvarirwo kubva mwoyo anoti lanky musoja Lantsov. shamwari dzake kunzwisisa - mune mamwe mazwi isingashandi.

Uyezve, sezvo chitsauko chechipiri, nyaya "Mufudzi mufudzikadzi" (Pfupiso chigadzirwa anoratidza izvi kuti muverengi) anowana tangibility. Iyi nyaya Frontline rudo Lucy uye Boris. Zvisinei, zvinonzi, maererano munyori, rangano hakusi akazvimirira. Rudo Izvi zvinoonekwa kubudikidza prism pamusoro Astafev atoratidza dzavo anofudza, ari pamusoro kubatana njodzi chinosiririsa. Mairi, sezvinoita Tuning forogo, pane yakakwirira humanistic pathos nezvokupikiswa kwomweya womunhu, rudo kwevanhu gehena hondo.

I omisa mumba Lucy

Masoja akamira paimba apo Lucy mupenyu. Kuti chishamiso rakaramba pano pamba, hositesi anotiudza kuburikidza pamuromo nyaya "The mufudzi uye mufudzikadzi." Pfupiso yebhuku basa inozivisa muverengi kutaurwa kuti mhepo vakazorora uye vanodzima usiku mushure sina hunhu vauraye. Akasiya nguva apo haawanzotauri Akasvetuka achibuda mugero, vakanga zvose vakaenzana pamberi rufu, kana, vamutsamwira pachako zvisangane, vakava zvinoumba vanotyisa muchina rufu; vakauraya uye kuurayiwa, vakazomubata pachavo vainzwa ari asiri yetsiva mamiriro ezvinhu. Varwi apengenuka, akatora mweya yavo chilling kushushikana, ichizadza moonshine yake, ndokupfura kubva bhiti. Foreman nguva dzose akakwanisa naye. Kutiudza pamusoro zororo pashure kurwa "mufudzi uye mufudzikadzi." Analysis basa iri Chiitiko ichi chinoratidza zviviri: misoro mufananidzo vevatambi uye typecasting eyeballs ukama Boris uye Lucy.

Pamupikicha ichi, munyori Astafjevs kufanana firimu wokuimba, rinopa vaverengi vayo kuti pedyo kupota ebhuku racho vatambi, tichikwanisa mutyairi ane shamhu shoma womufananidzo zvinoratidzira unhu nerimwe. Very gogonera masoja aya, ruzivo hondo mune imwe platoon.

More ruzivo pamusoro hondo uye masoja

Moskvich Kostyaev refutenendi, akaenda kundorwa apo vanhu vokuGermany vakanga vadzingwa kubva Kuban uye Caucasus, vakakurumidza kukanganwa shungu roujaya hwake. About murwi achitsungirira uchenjeri rinotiudza, "The mufudzi uye mufudzikadzi." Analysis chitsauko "Fight" kunoita kwaizoita Ivan Kuchin zvakaitika munyori ropa uye ipapo, kurwisa uye tiri vapenyu, tinofanira kunzwisisa hondo, nokuti hapana haisi heroics, nguva kusarudza nzvimbo njodzi, asingaregi calluses ari ake, kuchera. Uye Akasvetuka achibuda mugoronga anofanira nehasha vachiridzira panguva muvengi, hapana zvokuzviita. Refutenendi Boris, vanozvinzwisisa kwazvo anoratidza nemashoko masoja vanonzwa rutsigiro rwavo.

Pakati varwi vane vatatu kana vana vasingakwanisi kunwa, kutsanya hmeleyuschih. Zvisinei, tinofanira kunwa. Kwete kuti kunokanganisa pfungwa kubva kufungisisa zviso dzorufu. We vakanwa kupfuura vamwe chete foromani, "wakagara-fayameni" (t. E. A zvinogona Wava Mutengesi) Pafnutiev hungu Kuma-Altai Karyshev kids vomumusha key. Hapana mubvunzo kuti wakadaro hunhu mhando kuonekwa pamberi uye iye Astafjevs. "Mufudzi mufudzikadzi" inoongorora zviri mukati seboka ichi muchiuto.

Kaini naAbheri

Handiti havasi chete "kubva gejo" vanhu. It kushanda platoon uye murume akadzidza, aimbova muverengi Korney Arkadevich Lantsov, mutete kunzwa hondo uye daka mweya womunhu. Kana mashoko ake pashure kunwa moonshine ngozi kubata kunamatwa unhu, kuti sajeni kicks akamubudisa padare - "prosvezhitsya".

Uyewo, platoon ane repakati murume musi Pafnutiev mazita, flaunting mano ake kunyora kutsiura. Zvisinei, sajeni Mohnakov achizvizivawo, munguva kuti mupfungwa kukanganisa mutengesi, kuti haana kuratidza "tarenda" ake ngozi. Chokwadi - mufananidzo uyu nemaune chakaunzwa chinokosha zvikuru nyaya Astafjevs. "Mufudzi mufudzikadzi" inoongorora paraiitwa uye vatambi - mucheri aripo basa, sezvo muupenyu.

Kuma-Altai

Altai vachirwira murimi mudiki kwazvo. Ndivo zvose akadzikama uye ushingi, kutsigira zvakasimba nokuda platoon wavarwi. Karyshev murimi mudiki-exhaustively rinotaura chikonzero yaakanga ari kurwa. Haritombotauri kunhuwidza dzidziso. Ari murimi wakarwira yechizvarigo yake, yaakanga, murimi (mukuru murume pasi), muvengi anoedza kunonga. Saka kuti hondo yava pevairwara, rinotiudza, "The mufudzi uye mufudzikadzi." The Kuongorora chigadzirwa kunotiita kuti "cudgel yavanhu hondo" NdiTolstoy vake, kukwidza nokuburuka pamusoro vavengi. Asi murume uyu ndezvako rakadzika, pfungwa kwouzivi vanhu, riri panyika tsvene zvinhu zviviri: amai, ichibereka upenyu uye minda, zvokudya naye. Zvino akataura navo kugehena hondo!

Refutenendi sajeni kuminyuka

We vakanwa vakawanda kuSiberia Mohnakova pasi pokudzora "chisinga- ushingi" pamusoro vodka, kana shamwari dzake kuti hope, aizova pabonde, kuomerera kune hositesi. kuedza ichi kumbunyikidza refutenendi Boris, zvichiita sajeni, "mumugwagwa" uye achida kumuuraya impassively pana inodzokororwa kuedza. Foreman, vachiziva kuti mweya wake chose shungu, intuitively kunzwa kwokuda Boris. Zvisinei, anonzwisisa kuti mweya wake nehondo haafungi yakakwirira manzwiro. Anoenderera kurara mudura.

Lucy anoona izvi zvose. Iye ndiye musimboti munhukadzi hunhu munyaya "The mufudzi uye mufudzikadzi." Brief kuongorora basa ino kuzarura basa rinokosha Astafyan yake evafundisi. Kuti Astafyan Mona Lisa. mufananidzo Its kunzwisisa anoratidzwa nomunyori achirera uye movingly. Russian mukadzi uyo akaonekwa wokuUkraine musha. Meso dema Huge, dzakaonda oblong akangwara chiso, zvakasimba chirukwa, maoko kudzikama. Her chiso chavo, matauriro, munhu akangwarira chitsamba njere kunoratidza kupfuma mweya wake. mufananidzo uyu here decorates Astafyevskaya Pastorale "The mufudzi uye mufudzikadzi." Zviri nyaya nokuda kwake kushandurwa kubva ndege yehondo iri rutivi hwevanhu, munhu tsika, nekuti rudo, kusiyana hondo, nokusingaperi.

rudo

Muchikamu chetatu munyori inotiudza rudo rukuru, muprista manzwiro. "Zvakanaka, sei isu mangosangana muhondo?" - anobvunza kana mudikanwi, kana kuti Supreme Lucy. Zvizhinji kuenda kuburikidza nawo panguva basa. Gare gare Anoudza mudiwa Boris uye pamusoro anotonga, vaFascist, uye Polizei, vasinganyari ringangodaro raitonga munzvimbo idzi. tinodzidza kubva mumuromo wake, iye akapiwa dzidzo yake mimhanzi. Mutemo mabhuku, achisiyanisa pamwe kumaruwa kari, maererano wechipiri - pamutemo - dzidzo. Zvisingatarisirwi Barcode - Lucy, kugara nepfungwa, somurume anotungidza shag. Vakadzi vanosvuta apo vakanga zvakajairika, rinoratidzawo tive mifananidzo nderechokwadi uye kuvimbika nyaya "The mufudzi uye mufudzikadzi." Zvisinei, Text pachisara anoratidza kuti kunyange kuva chiedza norudo havagoni pakarepo kusunungura mweya kurwadziwa Lucy kuti kunoitwa hondo. Zvisinei, musikana anoda rudo, anoona iye akachenjera kupfuura ake kufarira, "ake mukuru zana nemakore" anonzwa unyoro dzaamai uye tsitsi "knight ake" wakarwira nyika yavo. Pakati pevechiduku nokuparurwa dzekuno yakadzika uye kunzwira tsitsi, kurwisa izvo haachagoni.

Back nechemberi

"The pfuti, mauto!" - yakapindira ichi idyl sajeni, Rwaipfuura kuti mukuru wekambani, Major Filkina. Roth akazorora uye akagamuchira midziyo itsva, vakaswedera mberi mutsetse. Lucy akapinda yechando mugwagwa kuenda mudiwa. The mharidzo nguva iyi munyori zvakare anowana zvinhu kukuru. Mukadzi norudo mwoyo anonzwa zvichiitika irreparable. Akanga kuoma nechando ari chando, mushure kuenda kweuto mbiru kuramba kumira prostration, kuzevezerana: "! Dzokai vapenyu" Uye shure kumba, haana kunyange kuvhara mukova, uye kwenguva yakareba haagoni vadziyirwe, kunzwa usingaonekwi kuboora chando vamwe mhando.

Kuvakwa tsaona

Anopedzisa mharidzo yedu zviri nyaya "The mufudzi uye mufudzikadzi." Analysis nechitsauko, hwakakwana vachionana, zvinofamba kupinda kumatanho okupedzisira - musoro "nokufungidzira". Zvinonzwisisika It rinopedzisa Zvinosiririsa evafundisi Astafieva. Iron guyo hondo utsinye uye wavaiona nokugedagedesa vanhu airwisana vake nevanhu vake hunhu. Zvinoshamisa wayo kudzama kwepfungwa akaratidza foromani Mohnakov kuti vanhu pamberi hama mupenyu. Nokuda kwechimwewo chikonzero, kamwe kamwe rufu aiva nesimba pamusoro magamba rinonzi Astafieva ... Ayakaita? Zvichida pamwe kumutengesa. Wakazviratidza chehondo itsva Mukuru-NKVD. Pafnutiev aifarira, iye akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze, unhu Judhasi. Iye kushoropodza, akatuka, uye foromani kuti "zvaibiwa kwakaenderera" uye kuti refutenendi "yokukurukura nomukadzi kufungira," uye kupfuura zvose - on vakasununguka-kufunga nevakangwara Korney Abramovich Lantsova. nokukurumidza zvapedzisira wakabviswa, ostensibly kushanda mupepanhau mberi-mutsetse. Zvisinei, chinofanira achizvitadzisa Pafnutiev. Akakanganwa pamusoro kurinda makaro, yakachiva mikombe. Akabvarura kure mumugodhi netsoka vose. Mumamiriro yorufu kutendeuka, akaudza vose foromani. Zvisinei, dambudziko iri kumbobvira oga haagoni kufamba. Apo varwi platoon refutenendi Boris Kostyaeva blithely vakadzokera nzvimbo pashure kukurukura yavakakuvadzwa mumunda muchipatara, mumwe mapfuranhunzi muvengi anouraya akapfurwa Altaian Karysheva. Nokukurumidza anorwara foromani Mohnakov sezvo Astafjevs anonyora, "kuti chirwere usina kurapwa pemigero." Haana mamwe masoja ake, akatanga kugara oga, nevachena, akamira kuti Chat. Zvino sajeni pakurwa akatanga kutsvaka rufu. Akaronga zvinhu zvose. Kutsunga afire munhu umhare, Mohnakov akatora Anti tangi yangu. chingwa Its akafanana, iye vakatakurwa haversack yake. Naye, akawira pasi mberi muvengi tangi. Nokukurumidza, akakuvadzwa ari pafudzi chikuru gamba iri nyaya, refutenendi Boris Kostyaev. Pakazosvika nguva akanga kutarisana pakunamata dambudziko. Events yakapenya mupfungwa dzake, sezvinoita kaleidoscope. Haana "vakapindira kushandiswa kuhondo." Kujairirana Lucy zvaiita shamisa kwaari. Rufu akadzvinyirira mamwe masoja.

Kamwe mumunda muchipatara nounyoro kukuvara, mutevedzeri nomubvunzo yairwisana mukoti mukuru uye chiremba. Takabata naye pamutemo. Uye kuti vanofanira kubatwa panguva imwechete uye dzakaonda uye kurwadziwa mweya wake, akuvadza nehondo, hazvina. Kutaura zvazviri, vanga haana sezvisingakuvadzi uye kushungurudzika - zvikuru nouchapupu pane kutarisirwa. Chiremba akachenjera kunzwisisa kuti utano vakakuvadzwa muchipatara iri kuderera, akarayira kuti kutora naye imwe kuchipatara. Asi Boris haana kuwana. Akafa munzira. Uye kurumidza muviri wake akasiyiwa muna imwe motokari yakamira pedyo Chipangamazano chaVa. Musoro muduku yemapurisa pamwe wavarindi vakaviga gamba mugomba kudzidzinga vachera. Akadhakwa nharirire vakatsinhanisa andapeni vanonoka pamusoro ity kuti vodka. Mushure kunwa uye tsitsi, akavezera ari mubato pakamubhedha Pyramid shongwe uye vakadzinga nayo muvhu mukupera misoro.

mhedziso

Story chinoguma kwechikuva panguva iyo yakatanga. Lucy akatendeuka pfumbu meso, zvakadzama kuti zvaiita sokuti yadzima kubva zera, uye akararama pashure pokufa Mudiwa kwake oga. Vawana guva rake, iye anoita urongwa - nokukurumidza zvakavimbiswa vachauya kwaari.

Somufudzi akabva, uye nyaya rinoguma "Mufudzi mufudzikadzi" ongororo. Rudo, kunyange kuchirwadza, hondo akahwina.

The kuisa zuva ichivhenekera kukwira inowanzorimwa uye anodzokera amise mukadzi akapfeka jasi sezvechinyakare ...