Akhmatova kuti "Requiem": kududzirwa nhetembo

A iconic zvechokwadi ndeuke mabhuku Russian ndiye Anna Akhmatova. "Requiem" vaongorori akadana porusvingo kwake mashoko. In basa nyanduri organically weaved nyaya dzose: Rudo zvakaitika, nyanduri uye nyaya, nyanduri uye simba, tsika XIX remakore, "sirivha" zera Soviet chokwadi ... Akhmatova akararama upenyu refu: musikana raparadzwa, uyo akaberekwa pre-echimurenga Russia, mudetembi duku vaitungamirira mwenje akatongerwa kuziva zvizere brunt yeSoviet padombo nyamasase. Ndezvomuzvarirwo, saka, kuti kufara kwaro okusika kwaasingasvikiri anganzi nzwisisika: dzorudo, ehurumende nhetembo, ngano okunze, zvenhaka madingindira, zvebhaibheri mifananidzo.

"Requiem", Akhmatova: pfupiso

The basa nhetembo It kubvira 1935 kusvika 1940, munyika yakaoma kwazvo, ropa uye anotyisa nguva. Mariri mudetembi vakakwanisa organically chokubatanidza rondedzero mutsetse uye Genre tsika yemariro achichema. Kubva Latin «Requiem» rakashandurwa vakadzikama. Nei zita rakapiwa basa rake Akhmatova? Requiem - chehurukuro yemariro nokuda chinyakare Catholic uye Lutheran makereke. Gare gare ichi izwi ane zvimwewo zvaanoreva: Zvino kureva rokuyeuka wemufi. Nyanduri akaita mabasa mariro pachavo uye shamwari dzavo nezvakaipa, uye rose Russia.

Akhmatova kuti "Requiem": kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro zvirongwa

Modern mabhuku emit ari detembo zvina akaturikidzana: wokutanga iri pachena uye, sokunge, "riri pamusoro pemvura" - Mount lyrical, kurondedzera nokusungwa nomudiwa usiku wacho. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nyanduri pazvikanganiso zvakaitika: zvakafanana panguva vakasungwa, mwanakomana wake L. Gumilyov, murume N. Punin uye penmate Mandelstam. Kutya, kuvhiringidzika, kuvhiringidzika - ndiani vazive zvakawanda nezvazvo pane Akhmatova? "Requiem" Zvisinei, hakungoitwi: anobvarura lyrical chinyorwa kubatanidzwa nomumwe nemisodzi zviuru zvevakadzi Russian sei imwe njodzi. Saka, mashoko ezvinhu anowedzera, zvinova kuwedzera munyika yose. In wechitatu akaturikidzana nezvahunonyatsoreva nhetembo njodzi heroine iri zvichishandurwa sechiratidzo yaitonga. Pano, vaongorori vanoti Izvi zvinomutsa wenyaya "shongwe", chaiko kune basa Derzhavin uye Pushkin. Zvisinei Akhmatova Monument - hachisi chiratidzo inobwinya, asi panzvimbo paizvozvo pachake dzoupenyu uye postmortem kutambura. Ndokusaka ari kukumbira kuti akamusunga ari mujeri apo aipedza dzakawanda maawa zvinotyisa ake unwitting "Shamwari." Mufananidzo shongwe yebwe blends nechinangwa chokuti "zvisaririra" - epithet ichi ndechimwe chezvinhu kakawanda mu "Requiem." Mune epilogue iri shongwe inova chinooneka pachake enzaniso "kutambura Petrified". Mufananidzo kutambura nyanduri merges pamwe mufananidzo kubvamburanya kufa Russian, chaityisa nguva - uyu Anna Akhmatova. "Requiem" ndiye wechina uye hune urongwa. Izvi mai gomo, ane mwanakomana vaidzvinyirirwa. Kwazvinoita kutambudzwa Amai vaMwari, vachichengeta pamukwidza Jesu kuKarivhari. In mafungiro nyanduri, upfu ose mai kurasikirwa mwanakomana wake, akafanana kutambura wemhandara Mariya. Saka munhu dambudziko mumwe mukadzi uye mwana mumwe anova vanhu vose.