Yakakura anemia: zvinokonzera

Kuora kwehurumende nekuda kwekushayikwa kweokisijeni kunozivikanwa kune vakawanda. Nyaya yacho ndeyekuti kune zvakakosha basa rinoita zvose zvisikwa zvehupenyu zvinoda zvokudya. Izvi zvinoreva kuwanda kwakakwana kwe okisijeni inodiwa nemasero. Kunyanya inofunganya matukisi europi nemoyo. Kusakwana kweokisijeni kunopa masero kunowanikwa mukushaya ropa. Kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana ehutachiona. Zvimwe zvinokonzerwa nekuremara kwekuzvarwa, zvimwe zvinokura nekuda kwematambudziko akasiyana-siyana. Kunyange zvakadaro, mutsara mukuru wehutachiona hwehutachiona huwandu husina kukwana hwe hemoglobin muropa. Kuratidzwa kwehutachiona uku kunosanganisira pallor, kuchinja mu laboratory parameters uye hypoxia yenhengo.

Chii chinonzi anemia?

Anemia chirwere chehematopoietic system inokonzerwa nokushayikwa kweHemoglobin. Kazhinji, iyi proteiniti inofanira kuchengetedzwa pane imwe nzvimbo (120-140 g / l kuvakadzi, chimiro chevarume - 140-160). Kushaya kweHemoglobin kunogona kuitika nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana. Pasinei nokuti nei chirwere chinokonzerwa nehupenyu chakaitika, chinotungamirira kune imwe nyika ye hypo hypoia. Mushure mezvose, hemoglobin inodiwa kuendesa okisijeni kune nhengo dzose uye maitiro. Nokudaro, kushaikwa kwaro kunotungamirira kukuti masero haana kukwana mu O ₂ . Mhando imwe neimwe yeanemia inoratidzwa nekliniki yake yemifananidzo uye laboratory data. Asi huwandu hwakawanda hwe hemoglobin muropa nguva dzose hunoonekwa. Kazhinji kazhinji kushaya ropa kunofungidzirwa pamberi pezviratidzo zvakadai sepallor yeganda uye kushaya simba. Chirwere ichi chakajairika pakati pevakadzi vane pamuviri. Kakawanda kuderera kwe hemoglobin munguva dzakawanda hakuzi ngozi uye kunogona kugadziriswa nyore nyore nekudya uye mishonga. Kunyanya anemia inogona kukonzera kukanganisa kwakakomba. Saka, zvakakosha kupa rubatsiro rwekukurumidzira.

Degrees of severeness of anemia

Ipai zvidimbu zvitatu zvehutera hwekushaya ropa. Izvo zvakasiyana mumakiriniki epiriniki uye mune maitiro akasiyana ehemoglobin muropa. Pakati pavo:

1. Anemia wekuoma kwakasimba. Iyo hemoglobin inogutsikana panguva ino iri 120-90 g / l. Chirwere chetachiona chinoratidzirwa nehutachiona hudiki hwesodynamic. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, hazviratidzi. Dzimwe nguva kune pallor, kuderera kweropa, kuwedzera kwemwoyo, chizungu.
2. Anemia yekunyanya kuoma. Panguva ino, chiyero che hemoglobin ine 90-70 g / l. Zviratidzo zvakanyanya kuoma. Panogona kuva nes syncope, kurangarira nekufunga kwekufunga, kurara.
3. Anemia yekuoma kwakanyanya kunoonekwa ne hemoglobin level pasi pe70 g / l. Zvine ngozi kumamiriro emuviri. Inotungamirira pakuputsika kwezvinhu zvose zvinoshanda nekuda kweshoko risati rareva oxygen.

Zvinyorwa zvekushaya anemia: chikamu

Inorema anemia inogona kukura mushure mechimwe chezvinhu zvakasiyana zvechirwere. Kuongororwa kwakadaro kunoshandiswa pasinei nechikonzero chakakonzera chirwere. Mutsara mukuru ndiyo inonzi hemoglobin inoshaya - inopfuura 70 g / l. Kunyange zvakadaro, zvakakosha zvikuru kusiyanisa rumwe rudzi rwekushaya ropa kubva kune imwe. Mushure mezvose, kusarudzwa kwemaitiro ekurapa kunoenderana neizvi. Kuenzanisa kwechirwere ichi:

1. Kushaya hemoglobin inokonzerwa nokusakwana kwesimbi (IDA). Urwu urwere hwechirwere hunowanikwa kupfuura humwe. Inokonzerwa nokuputsika kwechigadziro chesimbi kana kudyiwa kwechikamu ichi nechikafu.
2. Muna _12- kushayikana _kwekushaya simba kwehutano. Inokonzerwa nehuwandu hwevhitamini. Inowanzowanikwa kune vanhu vane gastritis asingagumi.
3. Aplastic anemia yezinga rakakura. Inoreva kuberekwa kwemaitiro.
4. Hemolytic anemia. Izvi zvirwere zvinotorwa sechirwere chemoto. Zvinogona kunge zvose zvakabatana uye zvakawanikwa.
5. Nhamba yakakura yeanemia Fanconi. Ichi chirwere chinoreva kukanganisa kwepabonde ye hematopoietic system.

Yakakura anemia: zvinokonzera chirwere

Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti, pasinei nehuwandu uye zvakasiyana-siyana, chirwere chemvura hachina kumboonekwa pachako, pasina chikonzero. Kutanga kurapwa kwehutachiona, zvinokosha kuziva kuti chii chakaita kuti chirwere chacho chiite. Iyo yakawanda inonyanya kushaya iron aneemia yakaoma. Izvo zvinoitika nokuda kwezvikonzero zvinotevera:

1. Kukwana kukwana kwezvinhu zvakakosha michina. Izvi zvinoreva zvokudya zvakapfuma musimbi. Mishonga ine chinhu ichi ndicho nyama, chiropa, pomegranate, apulo, nezvimwe.
2. Kunyanya kunetseka kwesimbi mumatumbo. Iyo inowedzera nekuda kwemaanti enzyme asina kukwana kana nekuda kwezvirwere zvisingaperi zvegumbo rekudya.
3. Mhando dzakasiyana dzeropa kurasikirwa. Saka, zvakakosha kutora gynecological anamnesis (nguva uye huwandu hwekuenda kumwedzi), kuti aone kana pane hemorrhoids. Nokuda kwezvirwere izvi, chirwere chisingaperi chinokonzerwa nechirwere chemvura chinowanzotanga. Kurasikirwa kweropa kwakawanda kunogona kuitika nematambudziko epeptic ulcer chirwere, chiropa chinonzi cirrhosis, ectopic pregnancy, ovarian apoplexy uye cyst rupture.
4. Kukuvadzwa kwakakomba.

Muna _12- kusakwana simba rekushaya ropa kunowanikwa nechirwere chemuviri (chronic atrophic gastritis), kugadziriswa kwemuviri mune chirwere chepachirwere, chirwere chinoputika.

Zvimwe zvinokonzera kukanganiswa kwe hemoglobin ndezvekusangana uye kuzvipira kwezvimoto zvehutete hematopoiesis, hemolysis (kuparadzwa) kweyerythrocytes.

The mechanism of severe anemia

Chii chinoita kuti uwedzere chirwere chakakura chekushaya ropa? Chokutanga pane izvi, izvi zvinoitika kana murwere asingacherechedzi kuchinja kunowanikwa nehutachiona husingazivikanwi hwehumoglobin. Kunyanya kazhinji kacho chiitiko ichi chinogona kuonekwa nekusingaperi kweropa kurasikirwa. Sezvo muviri wemunhu wakajaira "nguva dzose ye" oxygen, "inobhadharwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana (kuwedzerwa kwebasa remwoyo). IDA inokura nekuda kwekushaya kwesimbi. Somugumisiro, hemoglobin molecules haisi kuumbwa mumutengo unoda. PaA ₁₂ inoshaya anemia, mavitamini haapindi mumugwagwa wepamuviri. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nokuputika kana kugadziriswa kwechirongwa. Inorema anemia inowanzosangana muhutano hwehutano hwechirwere. Vanokura nekuda kwekusapera ne hematopoiesis. Muchiitiko ichi, chiyero chikuru cheadipose tissue chinowanikwa mumapfupa emapfupa.

Clinical picture ine chirwere chakakura chekushaya ropa

Kana hemoglobin iri pasi pe70 g / l, chirwere chakakomba chechirwere chinoonekwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, nzira dzokubhadhara nadzo dzomuviri hadzina kushanda. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, kushayikwa kweokisijeni kunonzwika mune zvose zvinoshanda. Somugumisiro, zviratidzo zvinotevera zvinoitika:

1. Yakadudzwa pallor yeganda.
2. Kupesana kwekuziva. Nechirwere chakakura chekushaya ropa, kurara, kupera kunogona kuitika.
3. Kurwisa ropa.
4. Kuwedzera pamapapiro.
5. Chizutu.
6. Utera hwakasimba. Munharaunda iyi, munhu haagoni kubuda pamubhedha, ane musoro unomuka ipapo chirwere chinonzi dizziness, syncope inogoneka.
7. Kupfupika kwemhepo.

Kana iwe usingaiti rubatsiro munguva, unogona kuvhiringidzika nemitemo inokosha uye nhengo. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, OPN inowanzoonekwa, kushushikana kwemoyo.

Anemia muMadzimai Akazvitakura: Zvinhu

Anemia inoreva zviratidzo izvo vakadzi vane pamuviri vanowanzonyunyuta pamusoro. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti, kunze kwemuviri weamai, okisijeni inodiwa zvakare kumwana. Pamusana pekuonekwa kwechimwe chikwata chekupararira kweropa (placental), kuderera kwe hemoglobin kunowanzoonekwa. Saka, iyo inowanzoyerera pakuberekwa ipo 110 g / l. Nekudonha kwakapinza mumuzinga we hemoglobin, rubatsiro runokurumidza runofanira kupiwa. Kunyanya anemia yevakadzi vane pamuviri inengozi kwete chete kune amai, asiwo kumwana. Kazhinji kazhinji, inowanzovapo nekuda kwezvinetso zvakadai sokuputsika kwepascental kana kubvisa pamuviri. Nokudaro, kubuda ropa kubva pamutsipa wechirwere kunofanira kunge kuchidana chiremba.

Kuona zviratidzo zvekushaya ropa

Kuti uwane hutachiona hwehutachiwana, zvakakwana kuongorora kuongorora ropa. Chirwere chakaoma chinowanikwa ne hemoglobin level pasi pe70 g / l. Zviratidzo zvepamuviri zvinowedzera, kuderedza ropa, tachycardia, chizungu uye kupera. Kakawanda, chirwere chinokonzera chirwere chakakomba chinosangana nekurasikirwa kweropa. Kuti aone chikonzero chekuderera kwe hemoglobin, zvakakosha kuitisa zvidzidzo zvema laboratory. Nokuda kwekuongororwa kweDAA, chirwere chekuongorora ropa chinowanikwa. Panguva imwecheteyo pane kuchinja kwakadaro sekuderera kwe serum iron level uye kuwedzera muOJSS. Kuti uongorore dzimwe mhando dzeanemia, unofanirwa kuongorora tsvina yeropa nedoro. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, kurohwa kwepamuviri kunoitwa.

Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinoparadzanisa dambudziko rekushaya ropa?

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, chirwere chinonzi anemic chirwere chinoitika muzvirwere zve hematopoietic system uye chiropa. Kuderedza hemoglobin kunofambidzana nezvose zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kumusana weropa - reukemia. Iwe unokwanisa kuzvisiyanisa kubva pane chirwere chemahyamu nekuchinja zvimwe zviratidzo muUAC. Izvi zvinosanganisira: kuderera kwepamusoro pemaplatelets ne leukocytes, kukurumidza kweEER. Pano panewo kusiyana pakati pekliniki yemifananidzo (subfebrile temperature, lymph nodes yakakura). Anemic syndrome inowanikwa muhupirhosis hwechiropa, chisingaperi chehepatitis. Kuti uongorore hutachiona huno, ultrasound yechipfuva chemuviri inowanikwa, maongorori akaongorori eongororo.

Yakakura anemia: kurapwa kwechirwere

Pasinei nokuti chii chinokonzera chirwere cheAIDS, kuwedzerwa ropa kwakanyanya kana erythrocyte mass inodiwa. Mukuwedzera, chirwere chinoratidzira chinoshandiswa. Apo mafuta e electrolyte akavhiringidzika, zvepanyama saline solution, kugadzirira rine potassium inopindwa. Kana chikonzero chekushaya ropa chinopa ropa, kupindira kwekukurumidza kunokosha. Mukuwedzera, mushonga wezvinodhaka unopiwa. Tsitsi inokonzerwa ne sodium stearate, aminocaproic acid. Neaplastic anemia , kupfutirwa kwemafuta kunoshandiswa. Kana chikonzero ichocho kusashaikwa kwevhitamini B ₁₂ , kurapwa kwemazuva ose kwese kunoitwa.

Migumisiro yechirwere chekushaya ropa

Mumwe anofanirwa kuyeuka nezvenjodzi, iyo chirwere chekushaya ropa chinotyisa. Migumisiro yechirwere ichi ndeyekushushikana kwemoyo, kukundikana kwechirwere chisina kunaka, pamwe nekupererwa kwemabasa emamwe nhengo dzinokosha. Izvi zvinetso zvinogona kutungamirira kurufu. Nokudaro, kunyange nekubuda ropa shoma, iwe unofanira kubva uchingorangana nachiremba.