Blackberry: rutoto, kurimwa. zvirwere Blackberry

Blackberry ari mapazi zvipfupi nemiti pamwe refu achitambanudza kana twasu dzakanzi mhuri Rosaceae, kukura mhiri Northern Hemisphere. netsika uyu midzi yakasimba kuti rinokwanisa kusvika zvikuru muvhu, saka hazvina -oma kunyange kwazvo dzechando. Uyewo, nokuda zvachose zvekufuga nechepakati mudzi chirimwa angakudzivisai mupfupi kwemvura nyore. Uye ikozvino yakawanda rikawira zvinofadza - sei kukura blackberries?

kutarisira

Culture zvikuru kuvazungura basa, sezvo hanya kukodzera zvinomera haagoni chete achiipa rwayo, asi yekudyidzana kudonhedza goho. Blackberry anonzi heat- uye chiedza-rudo tsika. Zvaanoda pasi pamwe kwazvakarerekera uye zvakaneta asidhi kuita. Pasi nokuti zvigaro izvozvo hazvifaniri kuva zvakasimba, uye pakati pemitsara vanofanira kubvisa sora. Panguva dzakawanda maruva zvakakosha kuti pasi rakanga nyoro, asi havafaniri kupiwa mvura kuti stagnate. Chirimwa haashiviriri waterlogged uye nemafashamo nzvimbo, uye vatarisire blackberries zvakawanda kuoma.

Pashure mvura kana ichidiridza ivhu kunodiwa kurima kune kudzika 8 cm ndichiedza haana kuputsa zvishoma midzi. Mukana vanofanira pevhu unorema Organic yeimwe. Kana Blackberry inokura dzanyorova, taita vakapedzwa nevhu, kuti unhani hauna inokurudzirwa.

kudiridza tsika

Zvinonzi vaidavira kuti chirimwa ndiyo kwemvura nemishonga, asi anoda unyoro. Tichifunga kudzivisa kupwa kubva pasi, chidimbu yakwegura muchero. By mazhinji nzara anotambura aboveground chikamu nemagariro: vechiduku inomera havana nguva inouya zvakanaka kukwira, tangai idonhe waveswa netsvo, uye zviripo michero yakaoma uye chiwondomoke.

Kuwedzera mudanga pasi mwando, kuchengetwa blackberries kunoda imwe mhepo uye unyoro. Panyaya iyi, munguva refu kwemvura, zvinofanira kuva manheru kuti mwaya gwenzi.

Young pamakwenzi rokutanga gore pashure kugara pakati vanoda kugara achidiridzira, uchichengeta ivhu nyoro. Kudiridza ichaitika chete akadzivirira kudziya vamwe mvura donhwe nzira. Panoperera muzhizha kudiridza ipfupi kushoma, uye mukupera kwematsutso pasi ose gwenzi inofanira kudirwa 30 litres mvura kuti chirimwa haina chando muchando.

pamusoro-kupfeka

Kufanana nezvimwe Horticultural zvirimwa, blackberries anoda zvokudya zvinovaka muviri. Enhanced Absorção de Água muviri inowira yezviri padariro inotungamirwa, kukura uye maruva. Izvi nehasha achibva May kusvika July, kana Anotumbuka Blackberry. Kubereka uyewo inowira panguva iyi. Panguva iyi, pamakwenzi vanopiwa zvakawanda fetiraiza. Asi hatifaniri sate tsika nokuti aigona zvakaipa kukanganisa goho uye mamiriro ezvinhu gwenzi.

In danho vachiita chirimwa inoda potassium, saka kunodiwa kuwedzera chero potashi fetiraiza kana ugodira mugwenzi padurunhuru muvhenganiswa (200 magiramu ose nemadota pa 10 litres mvura). Mumwaka muchero zvekupfakira rinoitwa foliar fetiraiza yakaoma makemikari chicherwa, pfapfaidzo anoenda kuwedzera potassium, senitrogen uye phosphorus. Chero kupfeka chinoitwa muvhu chete pashure wetting.

Chakawedzera Organic

Blackberries, iyo Kuziviswa zvatakandorwira dzakapiwa, inokura panzvimbo imwe anenge 10-15 makore, uye pashure nokugara pamusoro 3-4-fung gore zvinodiwa pagore kuti makemikari fetiraiza (peat, mufudze, yaora mupfudze), uyewo kubudisa sanganisa fetiraiza huku mupfudze panguva kutumbuka.

The organics vari yemanyorero yebhasera mumatsutso uone, izvo mberi nokudzoka shure sunungura akatakudza pana 1 akaenzana. m. kusvika 5 kg pamusoro mupfudze, vachisanganisa paro 40 g potassium sulphate uye 30 g superphosphate. Muchirimo, achangopera wokutanga nucleate ovaries, nembeu muti chero nitric kupfeka (urea kana Ammonium nitrate). Asi pakupedzisira muzhizha rirege kupiwa fetiraiza - zvinogona kutungamirira kukurumidza kukura tsika, uye gwenzi akasagona zvakakodzera kugadzirira chando.

kuchekerera blackberries

Muchirimo mupudzi kunyange asati aberekwa itsvo dzinobviswa uye akavhuniwa pashure yakaoma yechando manyoro uye vakanozviviga ne chando pamberi utachiona ari pamusoro utano ovaries vokutanga. Pamakwenzi kwokutanga paumbwe kaviri kupfupikisa pasi :. In May kuwedzera kukura padivi madzinde vakagadziridza repamusoro chikamu matavi 5-7 cm uye muna July 8-10 masendimita dzinobviswa pamisoro mapazi avo Vakawedzera kureba masendimita kupfuura 50 kwavari chengetedza chete 6-8 akasimba mabukira, vamwe vari nyore kubviswa.

Sei kutanha nemiti vakura

In mukuru pamakwenzi akaputsanyiwa uye podmerzshie madzinde, chitubu mabukira vari achichekerera zvose vakasununguka, vachisiya gwenzi 5-10 nhungirwa utano. The divi Bazi unotemwa nenzira kuti vakanga 8-12 ovaries. Namapanga blackberries anokonzerwa chokuti munguva kukura danho kuti kubviswa kuumbwa pamusoro muzhizha mudzi mizambiringa yakabva kumwe, nokuchengeta avo kuti dzakabuda kubva muchirimo chete (chete vachava zvibereko kwegore).

mapazi Spring asaipfupiswa mumatsutso panguva kukwirira 1.8-2 m. Uyezve, tinofanira kugura dzakanzi wevarwere zvose, zvakakosha kucheka panguva mudzi dzose dzinotsanagura rechipiri gore vachinge vapedza fruiting yavo.

Blackberry: kubereka

Chikwata noruzivo vanoshandisa nzira wandei chirimwa maberekero.

1. Apical layering. Nzira iyi ndiyo yakanaka nokuda maberekero emarudzi Anopararira. Pakati July naAugust pedyo yepakutanga pamakwenzi kuita njanji 30 CM kudzika uye rwakapararira neodrevesnevshie nhungirwa mazano. Pashure paizvozvo, zadza navo ivhu. inomera Asati chando vanofanira mudzi, asi ikasauya. Nokusvika kwematsutso awo zvinogona akochonorwa kubva mai mutsika uye wakasimwa kunzvimbo chechigarire.
2. Root kuchekwa. Sezvo kuguma September mid-October anofanira chose Chicherai mugwenzi uye kubvisa zvose matavi, uye midzi racherwa cheka ose Blackberry (Up 1 masendimita gobvu uye 7 masendimita pakureba). Kumorwa mbishi zvinhu inochengetwa jecha, peat mune inotonhorera nzvimbo. In yechirimo, rekukwazisa ivhu inotanga kudziya, zvichaita zvakafanira kuti rusesi kuti masendimita anosvika 15 zvakadzama uye dhipuroya mudzi chikamu ose 20 cm. Chizadzisa zvakadyarwa yokunyorera nyorova pasi uye rakadiridzwa zvakanaka. Muchirimo zvinonzi inoitwa kugara tichisakura miforo, mvura uye Kusakura. Mukutanga kwematsutso, panofanira kuva noutano mizambiringa yakabva kumwe. With vakura mai gwenzi wana kuti miti itsva 300.
3. Suckers. Chero Blackberry gwenzi kunogona kuunza nerimwe gore 20 nhungirwa duku kubva mudzi. Pakati May uye June, kana mapazi vanosvika kusvika masendimita 15 pakureba, vanofanira kusarudza simba madzinde, zvinyoronyoro kuparadzanisa kubva huru gwenzi uye pakarepo kunyika nzvimbo yechigarire. Kwakadaro chiitiko chinogona kuitwa uye mumatsutso, asi nemiti havagoni kushivirira yechando, uye regai kukura blackberries.
4. Kubereka kuburikidza vachigoverana mugwenzi. Nzira iyi chete kushandiswa kana tsika haazobvumiri Matavi. Shrub akachera muzvikamu 5-6 zvikamu, chimwe nechimwe ngaunyatsobata 2-3 matavi vaduku utano. The zvichiguma mbishi zvinhu kuiswa kugara munharaunda.
5. Seeds. Most akasiyana-siyana ari mbeu maberekero iri kuringana rwaamai kuita kuti vaifanira. Mbeu kazhinji inounganidzwa panguva padariro yakakwana pakunamata nokuti chando inoiswa inotonhorera nzvimbo stratification. Muna March, atore mbeu, akanyatisa kwemazuva anoverengeka ari kukura stimulator kana zvinonyauka mvura uye ndikasimamo mumidziyo anosvika 8 mm zvakadzama. Mbeu dzose akadurura uye zvakachengetwa ari tembiricha 20. inegumi. Kudyara miti iri pakachena pasi sezvinobvira yatangwa 4 mashizha. Akatarisira nomutowo Blackberry (kubereka rakachengetedzwa pamusoro apa) anotanga kunokohwa chete 4th gore.

zvirwere tsika

Kugutsikana dzose fruiting zhinji, vanofanira kuongorora mamiriro eutano pamakwenzi kudzivisa kuvapo masora pakati pemitsara, kwenguva refu kurega kunotanga nemvura kana kwemvura. zvirwere Zvikuru blackberries:

• Anthracnose - achirova michero, rinogona kuwanikwa pakupera kwematsutso, zvichikonzera gogonera uye kunonoka kukura muchero.
• Ngura - chirwere anoparadza vaduku mashizha madzinde. Nechokunze sokunge shava makwapa, kunoderedza zvibereko 60%.