Ust-Srednekanskaya HPP: apo, wongororo, mabasa

"Zvakanaka, ndichaita tine Kolyma - welcome!" Refu sei mutsara uyu aiva bhendesera nechinangwa kunokonzeresa kuparadza inonzwisisika mhinduro: "Aiwa, zviri nani here kwatiri." Mumakore mashoma apfuura kuti vauye Magadan Region kuri mufashoni, kunakidza chaizvo. Pakarepo akazarura hunoshamisa runako zvikuru hunhu, chitupa, duku vakawanda, vokuRussia vakawanda vakatanga kuvhura musha hombe. Asi chinonyanya kukosha - nharaunda vakatanga nokukurumidza kukura, uye kwete chete nokuda zvicherwa, asiwo nokuda zvinoshandisa pakurima uye masimba ari kubudirira. Panopera kuvaka HPPs ari Kolyma River chichabatsira nharaunda kukwezva mari uye kushandisa zvizere zvinogona yacho nharaunda.

aripiko

Ust-Srednekanskaya HPP - hombe-pamwero kuchamhembe chivakwa. Nepariri iri Kolyma River muna reMagadhani mudunhu. Kolyma chikamu kupindana hydropower zvinomera. Construction chinhu riri pazasi 217? Km kuita Kolymskaya HPP dererei Danho Pazvinoitika zvechitima. Pedo neimba - musha Ust-Srednekan vakasiya makore mashomanana, akadana nzvimbo yake yakaoma. Nokuti vashandi uye vashandi akavaka dzakawanda dzokugara dziri yepakarepo kunharaunda Hydroelectric simba chechitima. kambani Construction anoita "RusHydro".

Kolyma hydropower chirimwa unobereka 95% kuti magetsi panyika nharaunda, pakukwanisa kwayo ndiko 900 MW. Izvi zvokuti kupa zvinenge zvose iyezvino zvinodiwa, asi kwete nokuda kukura. Ust-Srednekanskaya HPP chakagadzirirwa kuwedzera uwandu nemagetsi, iyo ichatanga kusimukira omunharaunda pfuma, kuvaka simba-ndichibvunza kugadzira emakambani uye kudiwa. Its patani vanokwanisa - 570 MW uye paavhareji wepagore kugadzirwa dzemagetsi - mabhiriyoni 2.55 kWh.

nyaya

Station chirongwa yambokurukurwa ne 1978, uye kuvaka kwakatanga muna 1990. Zvokurega basa kwakaitika mukupera 90s nokuda kwokushayiwa mari. Kubvira ipapo, mari dzinounzwa nokuda kuvaka kubva yeUnited bhajeti, nokuti izvo chinhu pezvemakuriro uyu unsupportable. The resumption basa kwakaitika muna 2005, mushure kunyatsoongorora mari mari pakurigadzira uye zvoupfumi mugumisiro mushure kanda. The tranche kuti mari yokutanga rwaiwanikwa muna 2006, akararamazve basa panguva yacho.

Muna 2008, remangwana simba chirimwa akava zvinhu "RusHydro", waiva nemhaka shanduko mune kambani. Panguva kuvakwa HPP akava repamutemo JSC "Ust-Srednekanskaya HPP". Basa yekudyidzana nokukurumidza, uye nokuda 2011, unoda zvakaoma rakanga 86%. Muna September wegore iroro paiva bindepinde ari Kolyma River, izvo akapedza muchikamu chokutanga basa rokuvaka. Panguva iyoyo, pane imwe kuisa midziyo, kuvakwa madhamu nedzimwe nhengo.

dzinongoitika ezvinhu

Magadan dunhu - mundima ine hasha ezvinhu, apo kunaka tembiricha zvinochengetwa panoperera September. basa Construction kunoda rinokosha ano, sezvo kuitwa permafrost: pasi yaita chando munzvimbo kusvika 300 metres zvakadzama. Zvingaonekwa paavhareji tembiricha pagore riri -12 ° C, zvinyorwa January kutonhora -62 ° C, avhareji tembiricha Midwinter -38 ° C. Uyewo, nharaunda iri mapazi dzakakwirira zvizivikanwe nemichina basa.

Guta guru nharaunda uye chikuru nevatengi simba munguva pfupi ichatevera reMagadhani. Ust-Srednekanskaya HPP (daro kusvikira pamuromo Kolyma River ndiye 1,677 km) ichava huru simba nokutengesa. Around panhepfenyuro kusvikira pasingagarwi nzvimbo, kubva yeUnited Mugwagwa "Kolyma" kune chinhu unofanira kufamba 40? Km.

Pakati nhepfenyuro mbiri Pazvinoitika rwizi akazadzwa rechibharo akawanda, yaipedzerwa mvura 4,5 cubic makiromita. Mumwedzi anodziya mwedzi yegore pano anouya nemafashamo makuru maviri: muchirimo uye muzhizha uye matsutso nguva. Kunonyanyisa mvura rwakazara nguva iri 17.900 cubic metres por wechipiri (akanyorwa muna 1939). In yechando, kuti mvura iyerere anodonhedza yekudyidzana nokuda okunze uye anogona kwakafanana hapana anopfuura 5 cubic metres por wechipiri. Zvinofungidzirwa chiteshi kunwa ndiyo 33.300 cubic metres por wechipiri.

chiteshi patani

Ust-Kolyma HPP ane nevakawanda design mhinduro - uyu Plotinnaya srednenapornaya yemapurisa. The Zvinoumba chinhu zvivako zvinosanganisira:

• Earth dhamu (urefu - 2100 metres, kureba yakakwirira - 66 mamita).
• Concrete dhamu (kureba - 325 metres, urefu - 74 mamita).
• Dam (zvachose nzvimbo - 265 mamita ^2, vhoriyamu - 5.4? Km ³ inobatsira vhoriyamu - 2,57? Km ^3).
• Mafashamo panyika yekurima 40 hectares, misha iri mafashamo wongoramba kwete.
• Pressure CT mberi - anenge 2,5? Km.

dhamu

zviteshi zviviri vanoumba rimwe dhamu Water mberi. Earth dhamu akadurura kubva muvhu muvhenganiswa zvinosanganisira jecha uye mavhu. The chikuru ane kukwirira 33.5 metres, izvozvo anosika usingashandi anoshanda mvura nevezera nokuda kwenguva kushanda vaviri hydraulic dzakabatana atotaura.

The dhamu wechipiri Ust-Srednekanskaya HPP (325 metres) ine zvikamu zvitatu:

• spillway;
• mira;
• matsi.

Sezvo hydropower chirimwa inovakwa pamusoro permafrost, pasi ivhu kuoma nechando keteni grout inochengeterwa pashure chete basa iri elektroottaivaniyu erudzi. Depth Bookmarks - 25 metres nzvimbo kuparadza tectonic anogona kusvika kudzama 100 metres.

Dam spillway anopa vanopfuura mvura pamusoro 17200 m³ pa yechipiri Reset rikaitika kunyaradza mumudziyo (kureba - 168,5 metres Width - 147 metres). The chiteshi kugamuchira mvura sedziva rinosanganisira muzvikamu zvina. Kureba of mai - 96 metres, upamhi - 57 metres, mumwe kukwirira 70 mamita. Pressure kumucheto chinobatanidza pamwe pamhenderekedzo kongiri mai, wakareba akaenzana 105 metres.

mberi basa

Muna 2011, rwizi mubhedha akarwiswa, uhwo 2000 cubic metres nekongiri dzateyiwa, mumwe rairema matani masere. Muna 2013, zvakanga akaiswa kushanda maviri Hydroelectric nguva yokutanga, kuwedzera kumanikidza mberi mberi, imwe muhari Dam, vakanga vari kushanda kwegadziriro pakuparurwa wechitatu hydraulic chikwata.

Sezvo okutanga September 2016, Ust-Srednekanskaya HPP yakapedzwa kuisa midzi pagondobwe wechitatu hydro, turbine pachayo ndiyo munzira uye zvinofanira kuva pamusoro chitima. Turbine disassembled kukodzera 50 aishandiswa kutakura. Dzimwe dzatosvika muna reMagadhani.

Akaigadzira Hydraulic Engineering ari Russian kambani - hanya "Power Machines". Water turbine simba riri 142,5 MW. Simba uye unyanzvi vanachiremba mutengesi michina wokutanga mira hydraulic chikwata chichange iiswe nokukurumidza. Zvino vaviri pfupi Hydroelectric zvechitima unoshanda. Panguva iyi kunoitika concreting nzvimbo, izvo zvaida vanenge 3 zviuru cubic metres nezvakasanganiswa.

Works yaitwa zvakasimba maererano plan, vavaki vari kuedza kuita zvatinogona, asi akaramba razero tembiricha munzvimbo umo Ust-Srednekanskaya HPP. Photos zvivako dzakapoteredza nzvimbo Kusiyana kune mumwe, vanoratidza simba zvakasikwa uye dzevanhu kuedza kuitwa kuti zvisavapo mairi. Kumhanya ravarwi yainorongwa kuti 2018.

upfumi kushanda

Ust-Srednekanskaya HPP pashure kanda kuchabatsira kugadzirisa zvinetso:

• Kuwedzera yechando vanokwanisa Kolyma HPP ne 102 MW.
• Nechokwadi kukura Natalka yangu (Gold) nokusika tichikwanisa kukura vakaronga migodhi kushandiswa.
• Chinja kutumirwa uye kudya mvura panguva mafashamo nguva.
• Nechokwadi simba kudzivirirwa yose Magadan nharaunda, kunyanya munguva yechando.
• Deredzai kupinza mafuta kudyiwa nokudzivisa kuvakwa chafariz simba zvinomera. Izvi mberi anobvumira kuti kuderedza zvakatipoteredza mutoro.
• Kuderedza mari magetsi, izvo kuchaderedza tariffs, nokuda 38-50%.
• Gadzira mabasa, kuvandudza magariro kuchengetedzwa vomunyika uye kuderedza yokutama kwevanhu, simudza unhu upenyu.

Reviews

Large-pamwero okuvaka makore achangopfuura akasiyana kumatunhu Russia, chokwadi kunyange vamwe vanonamata munyika anogona kugadzirisa zvinetso zvavo uye kuwedzera kugadzirwa chinzvimbo. Part of vaizotibata mabasa ndiye Ust-Srednekanskaya HPP. Reviews kubva correspondents aishanyira nzvimbo, uye vanhuwo chete ndowana mukurumbira. Anenge zvose akaratidza tariro yokuti Magadan nharaunda uye yose Kolyma nharaunda uchatanga kutora nyaya yakasiyana, hazvina kudaro vakashatirwa, kunobva nyaya kwomusasa.

Reviews kuti mushandirwi PJSC "Kolymaenergo" (a chikamu chezvinhu PJSC "RusHydro") mashoma. Zvichida nokuti muna Kolyma Krai Internet vakaita zvakaipa. Vaya zvakashatirisa kunyora review, tiudze kuti zvakaipa uye zvinobatsira zvine chokuita basa iri vachida.

Kubva akaipa chikuru kutaura hakusi kukwirira mubayiro, izvo yekudyidzana kunoderedza chido ukwanise kuita basa, izvo zvichaita kuti kushanda muna Far North. Vamwe vashandi kunoratidza zvemasanga kuchinja chibvumirano mamiriro nokuda kwokubatsira wekambani, ane kururama gadziriro fines, kumonyanisa pamwe nokuchengeta kutengesa zvinhu uye muripo. Zvazvakanakira zvinosanganisira chikwata guru nyanzvi, yakaumbwa panguva kuvakwa. Zvakaoma kutonga pamusoro scraps mashoko pamusoro webasa quality, asiwo kushanda mumamiriro ezvinhu akanyanyisa hakusi nyore, saka mushandi ose anoda kwomuzvarirwo ezvinhu basa yokufaranuka.

Jobs

PJSC "Kolymaenergo" anoita muchiuto kuti nzvimbo Ust-Srednekanskaya HPP. Jobs yakazarukira vanachiremba vane yepamusoro injiniya dzidzo, yechipiri zvidikanwi uye kushanda netsvimbo. Ndichitsvagwa gidrotrotehniki mainjiniya, IT-vanachiremba, idzokere nevatungamiri, mishonga, wevanamakanika, siyana, kondo uye zvichingodaro. The chikuru chinodiwa - kunzwisisa chaizvo nesimba indasitiri, kushandiswa dzidzo uye ruzivo ndiko kwakanaka mune dzimwe HPP. The kambani iri vanopinza mudonzvo kwete chete panguva chezvitima pasi kuvakwa, asiwo kushanda Kolyma HPP.