Coke muovheni mabhatiri: mudziyo, kuti uchishandisa pfungwa, kugadzwa. Coke Mukudhinda Technology

Metallurgical indasitiri hazvitomboiti pasina kushandisa chemubhotoro, iyo inopa simba nokuda kubvunda mhangura nesimbi tubhokisi mu nomubato Nokufema muvira. Zvisinei, muitiro hwokubereka chemubhotoro nani rakaoma uye mirefu. inokosha maindasitiri dzakabatana anonzi "chemubhotoro muovheni mabhatiri" dzinovakwa kusika nayo. On mudziyo wavo, kugadzwa uye unhu ichakurukurwa munyaya ino.

tsananguro

Coke hovhoni mabhatiri - a metallurgia kunzwisisa, ane chinangwa chikuru ndechokuti kugadzira munhu achida yakawanda chemubhotoro kuti unozotevera chokufambisa mumipata zvakanaka. Zvivako izvi dzinosiyana maererano kukura pakati pavo, asi chero zvakadaro, saizi kwavo zvikuru hunoshamisa.

patani

The umhare chemubhotoro mabhatiri zvinotevera. The chikuru zvinhu yamavira izvi vanonzi carbonization yomukati. In pavo pane yakatsvuka zvinhu kuisira rikurumidze. Coking makamuri muchoto, kune vanopfuura gumi nevaviri. Uyewo masero dzinonetsa bhatiri inogona kuverenga uye kudziyisa nguva umo mafuta combustion kunoitika. Inofungidzirwa Linear kukura coking kamuri ndeinotevera:

• Length - kubva 12 kusvika 16 mamita.
• Urefu - 4-5 mamita.
• Upamhi - 400-450 mm.

Kazhinji, zvakaoma, mauri chemubhotoro bhatiri anogona kushanda ichi- kwenguva yakareba nguva, unotora zvinotevera zvinoriumba:

• Kugamuchira Hopper, izvo anogamuchira mbishi marasha.
• Branch nokusanganisa uye unorema marasha.
• Distribution shongwe.
• Trolley kukurukurwa.
• coking kamuri.
• Ejector chemubhotoro.
• richipedza motokari.
• richipedza shongwe.
• Pachikuva hwaakange pauri ostuzhennoy rakapera chigadzirwa.

The chaizvo chete kugadzirwa vira chemubhotoro zvavo rinoumbwa:

• Kamera kuti udhanilodhe marasha mutariri.
• The kudziyisa partition pamwe kudziyisa ezvinhu migero.
• A gasi Kuparadzirwa maitiro uye mhepo zvitengeswa.
• A regenerator nokuti muchidziisa mhepo uye goho flue magasi.
• Mavharuvhu uye zvigadziriswe.

kupatsanura

Coke muchoto mabhatiri, zvichienderana nokushanda kwadzinoita vane nguva nenguva uye chichiitika. mabhatiri izvi zvinogona neshungu:

• Chaizvo Kurira nevira gasi.
• Chete chemubhotoro hovhoni gasi.
• A musanganiswa Nokufema muvira gasi uye chemubhotoro.

bhatiri kudziyisa redunhu zvingasanganisira:

• Kuchinja mugero, panopinda magasi mukana kuwira pakati piers.
• Aiwanzopiwa wokushanda mukoto recirculation.

The kudziyisa gasi kuti bhatiri yawapihwa kwachiri mushanduro maviri:

• Side apo chemubhotoro muchoto gasi ari kornyuru (gasi kuparadzirwa gwara), uye mhepo uye Nokufema vira gasi - iri pachaenga makwara regenerator.
• Bottom chaiwo mhepo yokuparadzira.

A mashoko mashoma pamusoro regenerator

Ichi chinokosha kupisa kuchinjirwa mudziyo runoita kupisa kuchinjirwa anosvikirwa neZvapupu zvakajeka segwapa hukawanika yacho chemubhotoro hovhoni. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti inopisa keriya kupisa rinopisa rusvingo chando uye kamwene, uye pashure paizvozvo ivowo kuchinjirwa kupisa kusvika chando akaendesa nechekare nokupisa.

Kune dzimwe mhando kupisa exchangers, iyo vanonzi "recuperators". In izvi inopisa uye kutonhora nokupisa kuchinjirwa zvinwiwa, chinjanai simba pamwe chete kuburikidza zvikuru chakavakwa rusvingo therebetween. In ichi pakutanga aburuke pasi inopisa gasi kuyerera, uye ipapo kuvhiyiwa Kuchinja mavharuvhu, mauri pasi kumusoro unotanga achifumira kare chando wokufema.

Nzira mafuta upfumi munyika kugadzirwa chemubhotoro

Coking muitiro pachayo zvikuru simba-nyanyisa, izvo anokonzerwa kudyiwa guru kwazvo uwandu mafuta. Naizvozvo, zvinotevera nzira inoshandiswa kuderedza mwero kwayo kudya:

• Kushandisa chemubhotoro yakaoma richipedza michina. Pamusana chigadzirwa chafariz simba rinoshandiswa kuti vakuchidzire chiutsi kana mvura. Zvikurukuru, pamwe chete tani kuti apedza chemubhotoro inotengwa anenge 1 GJ nokupisa muchimiro chiutsi.
• Mazuvaano regenerators anoshandiswa kunonyanyisa kupisa kupora kubva combustion zvigadzirwa. Somuenzaniso, zvinokwanisika kuti kuwedzera kudziyisa nzvimbo panguva kamwene.
• Kukarukureta of Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri nguva penguva pakati nokuchinja mavharuvhu. Hatigoni kutaura kuti vanowanzonetseka chinja, ipapo pakupedzisira achapa mukana kuderedza uwandu regenerators nokupisa kurasikirwa navo. Zvisinei, unofanira zvechokwadi kuziva kuti zvakare kakawanda vharafu oparesheni vaizongoguma kutungamirira kwavo nokukurumidza kukuvadza uye mamwe mutoro vose chokuita zvinoriumba uye kupembedza nhengo.
• The kudziyisa dzavanofanira kuchengeta uye chemubhotoro yakaoma richipedza rinoitwa panguva imwe chete.

gadzira

Coke kugadzirwa zvakaoma chaizvo. Saka, kuti tinzwisise sei akunoita munyika chaiyo, zvinokosha kuziva muzvigadzirwa kutenderera sezvo detailed sezvinobvira.

kugadzirwa chemubhotoro chitoro dzose rinotanga chete marasha neshongwe. Ruchapinda mariri mbishi. Pazasi neshongwe, pane chinokosha mavharuvhu. Kuburikidza navo marasha iri kuendeswa kune kugamuchira Hopper uglezagruzochnoy muchina. Kuti haabatanidzi mazimbe yokuturika mukati neshongwe pamwe kwayo yose yakakwirira akataura mhepo compressed riri zvokudya discontinuous pulses uye kunovimbisa kutenda kwako kushayiswe kuomerera masvingo batch mangé shongwe. Tower ichazara chete kwete zvishoma pane vaviri pavatatu inzwi rayo.

Uglezagruzochnaya muchina akazadzwa angava bhuku kana uremu. Muitiro wayo zvekupfakira inotongwa Zviidzo. Coal zvokudya kuti vira pakarepo mushure issuance yacho yapera chemubhotoro. Kana izvi zvaitika basa kufudza kuburikidza kumusoro. Panguva rokukwidza chemubhotoro muchoto basa munhu - tsotsonya - anosanganisira chaizvo vira gasi muteresi uye zvaanopa simba jekiseni. The yose vachizvitakudza kwacho zvinotora kubva matatu kusvika matanhatu maminitsi.

Muchoto ipapo kunyatsoongorora chisimbiso, uye atanga batch mangé kudziyisa rikurumidze. chemubhotoro mu chemubhotoro bhatiri michina inopa zvinotevera tembiricha pezvakaitwa:

• At 100-110 ° C inopfuura marasha kuomesa.
• In kuwanda 110 ° C - 200 ° C uye dzinounzwa gigrosokpicheskaya colloidally akasungwa mwando occluded magasi.
• At 200 ° C - 300 ° C runoyerera chafariz gadziriro, izvo pamwe paumbwe gaseous zvibereko chafariz kudzikisirana uye cleavage pamusoro okisijeni tubhokisi mapoka thermally labile.
• 300-500 ° C - tembiricha siyana iyo pane epurasitiki mamiriro. Kuzviita asunungurwa gasi uye mhute, nemvura danho aumbwa.
• 550-800 ° C - kubva unosvikirwa coking. Reongororo akatowedzera.
• 900-1100 ° C - High tembiricha carbonization.

Ainge atumirwa pamusoro chemubhotoro Dzokubikira

Coke muchoto bhatiri, nheyo inorondedzerwa munyaya ino kunoda hapana dzidzo chaiyo usati akadzika Finished chigadzirwa kubva mairi. No maminitsi asingasviki makumi maviri pamberi issuance pakati muchoto iri fanira hwaro kubviswa plenum nyaya chadenga kuzarura pachifunhiro charo unosimudza.

Zvadaro, muchoto musuo kubviswa uye ejection rinoitwa mukamuri womukokonati quencher ngoro chaiwo nomuzariro. Muchiitiko chino, kana chipi chikonzero pane kunonoka chawakaronga chemubhotoro kupfuura maminitsi gumi, mukova anofanira kuiswa panzvimbo. Zviri vakurumidze kuzarura butiro risers iri zvachose wairambidza, sezvo izvi zvingaita kwakakomba pokuwa lining mukati bhatiri. Uyezve, mikova yamavira vanofanira hazvo kuva rinocheneswa graphite uye nebwe vasati uye pashure muitiro akadzika Finished chigadzirwa. Coke richipedza mumotokari chaiyo - a fanira muitiro, nekuti pasina kushanda apedza chemubhotoro ichi kunogona kuzodzosera vesa.

chemubhotoro mabhatiri kukarukureta anogovera kuti vira vanofanira anodawo nokuchengetedza nguva. Panguva kushanda kutenderera rinoitwa chemubhotoro rokufurira, uye panguva kugadzira - kunze kwerunyararo chirimwa zvose uye zvokushandisa, kuchenesa uye zvichingodaro.

Chaizvoizvo

Panguva kutanga kwekupwanyiwa coking marasha ari kupwa, vose adsorbed magasi vanobviswa nayo uye manyowa rinotanga. Panguva iyo marasha ari epurasitiki hurumende kuchinja kunotanga sintering - Maitikiro acho riri kusarudza rose coking yatinofema. In wechitatu kutotanga kaviri calcination uye Semi-nokuomesa. It pumps ari viscous guru nemishonga kusimudzira gasi munzira kuenda gasi plenum, nokudaro wezvamatongerwe kumanikidzwa coking, izvo tsika iri ndanyarara hangu nokuda shrinkage of kare kuumbwa chemubhotoro.

kuchengetedza

"Nei usina kumisa chemubhotoro mabhatiri?" - kuti mubvunzo wakadaro kazhinji kunzwa kubva murume, kure nezvehukorokodzwa uye nuances ose chemubhotoro kugadzirwa. The ndechokuti vezvikwata izvi zvakagadzirirwa kushanda pasi zvimwe zvinhu (mukuru tembiricha, abrasion uye zvichingodaro. D.) Uye nyaya unscheduled vanorega, pasina kurovedza zvakakodzera, yamavira izvi vanokwanisa kurasikirwa masonry yako yomukati, iyo inongova kuparadzwa. Zvisinei, mune tsika dzimwe nguva vanofanira kumbomira kushanda chemubhotoro muovheni bhatiri uye kuita opredlenii kuchengetedza matanho. Akunoita - tsanangura yakarebesa, chete isu hedu kubva tataura kuti pane inonzi "inotonhora," uye "inopisa" kuchengetedza. Ndoupi shanduro kwavari kusarudza - anogadziriswa pacharo Manager, zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu uye zvikonzero kuturika kushanda yacho chikwata.