Tundra Climate muRussia uye North America

Panyika iri huru kwazvo, uye chokwadi, okunze ayo akasiyana chaizvo. chinhu ichi ane inokosha rokubaya kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka, KUNOTADZISA kana hwezvekukurukurirana upenyu mudunhu. Saka, achinaya mvura okunze - zvikuru kwazvo uye akaoma-to-upenyu.

Nzvimbo yomugariro wacho achinaya mvura

In North America achinaya mvura mapazi riri mhenderekedzo yacho kure kuchamhembe pamusoro Continental chikamu kondinendi. It inoremekedzwa zvikuru munharaunda Zimbabwe yeCanada Archipelago uye asiwo 60th kufanana. It anokonzerwa chando kufema kweArctic Ocean.

The Russian achinaya mvura iri pamusoro 15% of nharaunda yose mamiriro. It Anotambanudza mhenderekedzo kweArctic Ocean pazera yakatetepa zviuno. Zvisinei, mune dzimwe nzvimbo, zvinotora pamusoro mundima huru. nharaunda idzi dzinosanganisira pachitsuwa Taimyr, Chukotka. Pasinei murenje nyika uye chishoma zvinomera, ari achinaya mvura kurarama vamiririri siyana fauna of.

Zonal weboka Tundra

Under rokuti "Tundra" utiziro subzones ina dzakasiyana. Izvi imhaka siyana kwenzvimbo, nzvimbo yacho zvikamu uye napedyo kana remoteness nyanza kana makomo. achinaya mvura Climate muchitokisi chimwe nechimwe dzinosiyana. Pane zvinotevera ndokunge kutozopesanisa

• Arctic mumarenje;
• kupfungwa achinaya mvura;
• achinaya mvura;
• gomo achinaya mvura.

Pasinei nokuti mamiriro ezvinhu achinaya mvura uye masango anogara achinaya mvura manyoro zvichienzaniswa kweArctic murenje, zviri kwazvo kuti kumatunhu vane murombo chaizvo kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka.

Arctic gwenga

Zone arctic gwenga iri kuNorth America uye ane wakakura zvikuru okunze. MuRussia, subzone ichi haako. Summer Rinotora Mavhiki mashomanana. Winter rinotora mwedzi anopfuura matanhatu. In yechando, zuva asiri anobuda pamusoro jengachenga. Wind kunosvika dutu simba.

Winter tembiricha vanowanzotadza kuti -60? C. Paavhareji tembiricha munguva pfupi zhizha asingakanganisi kupfuudza 5? C. Precipitation iri dikisa - haawanzotauri gore Falls 500 mm. Zvinomera kunobvumirwa mosses uye lichens, izvo kufukidza pasi nezviduku. Muchirimo, ichi ichichinja kuita doro subzone. Izvi imhaka yakaderera kwemvura mvura panguva iyi. Uyezve, permafrost hakuiti pinda zvakadzika mariri.

Kunyange zvakadaro, kuti mapazi kweArctic gwenga kunokosha dzinogarisana mhuka neshiri ruminant. Muchirimo pane shiri, eiders, guillemots, puffins, waders, pamahombekombe yokupona zvisimbiso, walruses, polar mabheya, musk nenzombe. Unogonawo kuwana lemmings nemhumhi kuti abate pavo.

kupfungwa achinaya mvura

Tundra ekunze, iyo inesungano subzone iri uyewo hasha kwazvo, asi zvichienzaniswa kweArctic mugwenga, iye achiri manyoro. Summer tembiricha inogona kusvika 10? C, chando -50? C. The chando pabutiro harina kudzika uye batana. Spring kunotanga May, chando inotanga muna October. Mumwedzi yokupisa zvinogoneka snowfalls, nokuda permafrost kune vazhinji dzemvura, puddles, madhamu uye marshes. Vane kudzika uye nyore kufamba pamusoro sleds. Winter kunoratidzwa nemhepo yakasimba uye snowstorms. Zvinomera pabutiro zvikukutu, zviri kazhinji mosses uye lichens.

Kurutivi rwezasi, unogona kuwana yakaderera-kukura kwesha Blueberry, mhuka erosemary, cranberries, Cassandra. On menzizi uye madhamu zvinogona kuonekwa petsanga pamakwenzi zvipfupi the willow , Birch, alder, omujunipa. Kwakadaro Russian achinaya mvura okunze kunosvika rwezasi kusvikira July 10 isotherm. In izvi hwainge hwakaoma nguva polar namazizi, ptarmigan, caribou, mapere, lemmings, weasels uye makava. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, pane Stony.

Arctic gwenga zvakanaka munzvimbo yechipiri subzone ekunze. Tundra Climate muNorth America akasiyana Russian. Sewevhu murombo ivhu (peat-gley, gley achinaya mvura, permafrost deveteve), mhepo yakasimba uye yakakwirira chando haabvumirwi kuva mukuru kukwira zvinomera uye kuva midzi. Zvisinei, nzvimbo akafukidzwa Moss lichen, tiri mafuro nondo mu America uye Russia.

dondo-achinaya mvura

Rwezasi nharaunda, okunze sezvainodziya. The kuramba inosvika chikwindi, lichen uye shoma-kukura zvinomera, izvo kutanga kuonekwa munzvimbo ine miti yakareba - ichi inonzi achinaya mvura Climate wongoramba. It Anotambanudza mhiri yose North America uye Eurasia - kubva Kola Peninsula kuna Indigirka. Tundra okunze ari pazasi-zone kunoita zvose kasvisto uye fauna of ndasarirwa kwakapararira.

Winter tembiricha vanosvika kubvisa 40 Celsius, zhizha -? 15 C. Annual kunayisa rinosvika 450 chete mm. Snow pabutiro uri yunifomu, hunogara pasi pamusoro 9 months. Kunonaya kunopfuura kwemvura, saka ivhu vakawanda peat-gley, peat deveteve, mune dzimwe nzvimbo gley-podzolic. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, vazhinji makungwa vakapararira.

Kubva kunze hwokufananidzira chakanangana achinaya mvura zvinomera, pane bharisamu zvomusiperesi, spruce, Siberian larch, warty Birch. Rivers vane moderating simba pamusoro ekunze. Nokuda ichi miti yakaderera ichingowedzera mhenderekedzo kupinda mukati achinaya mvura. Uyewo nezvekumwe achinaya mvura, pane mhando yakadai chena hwari, shrews, makava.

gomo achinaya mvura

Uyu akaparadzana dzesub-zone, kunoitika panguva pamatunhu altitudes munzvimbo mumapani, chisango, takakombwa mawere anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri. Mountain achinaya mvura mune pamakomo North-East kweRussia, nechokumaodzanyemba kweSiberia, Tibet, pamusoro Pacific kumhenderekedzo North America, dzakakwirira of Davis Strait, panguva Brooks Range, Alaska Range uye zvichingodaro.

achinaya mvura Climate mumakomo kunoratidzwa nemhepo yakasimba, yakaderera tembiricha permafrost, kushaya kwechando yakazaruka munzvimbo. Rinotanga subzone yedondo muganhu uye inoguma pamuganhu chando mutsetse pamisoro. Pedyo miti yakareba kukura nemiti yose the willow uye alder. The pedyo rokumusoro pamwero, mukuru munharaunda, vakafuka uswa, hafu-nemiti, mosses uye lichens.

Pasinei utsinye dzinotaurwa achinaya mvura, ichi nzvimbo dzinongoitika akapfuma kuvhima pasi. Zviri izvi ezvinhu kurarama uye kubereka Mhando kasvisto uye fauna of dzisina kuwanikwa dzimwe nharaunda. Zvimwe zvinhu zvipenyu dzavo dzakarongwa se panjodzi. Mukuwedzera, achinaya mvura iri nezviwanikwa, kugadzirwa riri kuwedzera pagore, pasinei okunze.