Topic: "Nei maruva miti muchangosangana inonzi kaviri" kudzidza mugiredhi rechitanhatu. Zvisinei, kwete mukuru wose anogona kutsanangura nezvehukorokodzwa kwacho.
Plants, kufanana zvipenyu zvose bereka, vachishandisa nzira huru nhatu. Wokutanga ndiwo vegetatively, ndiro chirimwa chitsva anobuda chero chikamu "mubereki" ayo - mudzi, hunde, shizha, kunyange sero rimwe chete. Yechipiri unonzi asexual, nokuti miti kubuda gakava uye akafanana mubereki. Saka kuwanda notumwe uye vamwe algae. The zvemberi ndicho pakusangana zvinomera dzepabonde nzira.
In chirimwa umambo, izvi kunoitika kuburikidza Fusion pamusoro gametes anogona kuva akafanana pakukura (isogamy), zvakasiyana hukuru (heterogamy) uye kwakakwidibira zvakasiyana nemumwe (oogamy). Tinogona kutaura kuti muchangosangana - mumwe muitiro kubatana munhurume (dzisingaoneki) uye hadzi (zai) gametes, zvichiguma nokuumbwa muchitokisi pamwe miviri vanochengeta okutodza (the zygote), uye kubva iyo ichava chirimwa chitsva.
Sei pakusangana mu maruva miti inonzi kaviri? Pano pane chinokosha nhengo dzokubereka nadzo - ruva. chinoumba nhengo dzaro dziri stamen filaments pamwe anther (twunepfuma), ovary, mbiru, pistil (rusarura c), mukume chubhu, kunobva kuna embryo zai ndipo ovule. Ichokwadi kuti chikoro zvipenyu, vazhinji rangarira chinhu pamusoro pistil uye stamen uye vangafunga kuti Ndokusaka pakusangana kuti maruva miti inonzi kaviri. Asi ichi handizvo.
In anther, Sezvambotaurwa, zvinonzi kuumbwa mukume, chine mbiri masero - guru vegetative uye seduku kukura, rokubereka. Kana anther amuudza, zvinhu izvi zviri kupararira nemhepo kana nezvipembenene. Kamwe pamusoro pistil (rusarura zvakananga) mukume masero imere kuti vegetative chikamu anova mukume chubhu vasiyana embryo zai. Kuburikidza Sero wake rokubereka anopinda bhegi, izvo mukufamba kwaro kupinda rakakamurwa dzisingaoneki maviri. Mumwe wavo anosvika zai, merges nazvo kuti aumbe zygote, uye wechipiri chokuita yechipiri musimboti. Izvi ndizvo chikonzero nei inonzi muchangosangana kaviri muna maruva zvirimwa.
Vamwe mbesa ano vakabudirira sangana nzira dzakasiyana siyana kubereka, iyo anowedzera wokurarama kwemarudzi. Uye panguva iyi iri achangozvarwa, nzira iyi kubereka kwave kuchikosha chaizvo, shanduka kwacho. Izvi imhaka yokuti muviri akasikwa muchitokisi Fusion nedzimwe anogadza okutodza vapiwe mukuru variability uye kuchinjika kuti zvakatipoteredza. Modern physico-kwemakemikari netsvakurudzo sei pabonde kubereka pakati chirimwa zvakaoma zvakasikwa. Somuenzaniso, zvave kuwanikwa kuti mukume uye rusarura vari akasiyana ph, yakasiyana siyana mapuroteni isoelectric pfungwa, zvakasiyana enzayemu uye amino iine acid sezvamunoita, izvo, zvisinei, unokurudzira Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri vasiri pezvakaitwa achigarira maoko apo unobatanidza masero aya.