Black nechiva; misiyano, unhu uye dzinogarisana

Black nechiva yagara kukurukurwa ane mhando nevakawanda semvumbi. Zvisinei, pamusoro pedyo kudzidza yaiva nyoka ari oga chimiro uye inonzi pashure wemhuka Nikolsky (Vipera nikolskii).

Black nechiva ane tetepa muviri kupfuura zvavo. The muviri urefu kunosvika 765 neMM, muswe - 80 mm. Vanhurume ndivo zvishoma duku pane vakadzi. Musoro wakakura, guru, zvakajeka delimited pahuro zvishoma flattened. Iris dema ziso ruvara. Adult venyoka anoramba vatema, sezvinoonekwa mufananidzo. dzimwe nguva nyoka iri supralabials nhoo inogona mavara machena. Chinonyanya kuguma muswe nyoka yeyero-orenji kana tsvuku. Juveniles vane bvudzi Brown ruvara ane kunzvenganzvenga muenzaniso uri kuseri mashava. By makore matatu upenyu kudhirowa anonyangarika, ruvara kunova nerima.

Black wenyoka anogara musango-inowanzorimwa uye inowanzorimwa kumatunhu reEurope chikamu Russia uye Ukraine (kuruboshwe bhengi). Nyoka munyaya Voronezh, Tambov, Penza, Saratov kumatunhu. Unowanikwa mumupata yoRwizi Don uye bheseni kwayo. Kuchamhembe kwakadziva, nzvimbo runosvika kune mezvikomo kuMiddle uye South Urals.

Black nechiva Kazhinji inoomerera dzakafara-leaved masango uye nemiouki masango. Muchirimo, rinogona kuwanikwa Mafuro, glades uye clearings. Crow anoda riparian nzizi nemakomo nzizi, Bear, Hopper, Don, Seversky Donets uye Samara. Zhizha chando nzvimbo, sokuti chete. Munzvimbo nyoro pamusoro 1 sq km, kune vanopfuura 500 marudzi. Black nechiva anotanga kuva proactive kurutivi pakati kwematsutso. Kuberekesana kunoitika muna May, uye muna August pane munhukadzi juveniles (8-24 specimens live). Color nyoka muduku anotanga svibirika pashure yokutanga Molt.

Nikolsky kuti huri kupfuura mukati mezuva. Huru zvokudya nyoka zvidiki nemakonzo uye (kune muduku kumwero) shiri, matatya, uye madzvinyu. Mune zvisingawanzoitiki Muzviitiko (zvichida panguva yokunyanyisa yokushomeka kwezvokudya) Black nechiva anogona kudya hove kana zvakaora. Biology kwazvakaita ichi vachiri kwete zvakanaka kunzwisisa.

Black nechiva, tichienzanisa colubridae nyoka kufamba nomumugwagwa kwaitora nguva asi ane kushambira yakanaka chaizvo. Mumamiriro ezvinhu ane ngozi, zvinotora s-zvakaumbwa pani, hisses uye anoita lunges kurutivi avatadzira. Nikolsky kuti huri muchetura. Nokuti munhu inoruma zvinorwadza chaizvo, asi vakaurayiwa kupora mumazuva mashomanana. Uturu musanganiswa mapuroteni, makemikari, uye inorganic zvinoriumba. Iye kunokuvadza zvinyama paralyzes tsinga uye kunoita kweropa. Ukabatwa specimens akapora kubva cloaca mvura dzinga pamwe risingafadzi kwakanaka.

Kwenguva refu iyi ainzi rima nyoka nyoka vanhuwo chimiro, inobva chokwadi kuti vagari vemo vose ane zvimwe chikamu melanistic. Zvisinei, pashure kunyatsodzidza ari ikoroji uye Morphology nenyoka akamupa chinzvimbo kwemarudzi. Izvi zvakawedzera kufarira unyanzvi zvikuru kudzidza naye. Asi maonero diverge kudaro kure. Mamwe masayendisiti achiri kutenda nyoka iyi kunongova subspecies huru chimiro.