The cheni chikafu sezvo kwegadziriro ukama zvakasikwa

All zvipenyu vanoumba chete, interconnected hurongwa. Vose pasi zvimwe mitemo yezvinhu zvakasikwa, mitemo inotungamira dzimwe nguva kune kusingarapiki mananara. Food cheni - mumwe muenzaniso ukama pakati zvipenyu. It ane chaizvo kunzwisisa chivakwa, uye kunounza pamwechete vamiririri mazhinji ezvinhu kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka.

Supply cheni ndiyo nhevedzano marudzi zvipenyu zviri ukama ne "zvokudya - nevatengi". Panguva iyi, uye simba kuzoita Organic yeimwe kubva rapfuura User Kudzai akatevera. Mune imwe nzira, tinogona kutaura kuti zvokudya cheni - ndiko kutapurirana simba kuburikidza imwe nhamba zvipenyu maererano wavaizoudya mumwe. Links izvi zvinonzi trophic.

Mumwe romugove cheni zvemhuka uye zvimwe zvinenge rakakamurwa muzvikamu zvakasiyana siyana, izvo zvinonziwo trophic.

Kazhinji, wokutanga pamwero inoumbwa vamiririri chirimwa nyika, kureva zvinomera, notumwe uye algae. Achiteverwa mhuka zvokudya pamusoro chirimwa chikafu. Akatevera trophic anoyera kumusoro carnivores. Vakaguta herbivorous fauna of vamiririri.

Zvokudya cheni anogona kuva akawanda akaitwa nhurikidzwa, asi kazhinji chinosanganisira hochekoche 3-4. Izvi pakutsvaga chokwadi kuti vakawanda simba achipinda tiine dzinotsanagura upenyu uye ikure muviri. Saka, mumwe nomumwe anotevedzana pamwero idukusa yapfuura mumwe, uye vatori vechikamu ipfupi. The reshiyo pano ndouyu: pamusoro tani zvinomera pamusana 100 makirogiramu mhuka kuti kuzvidya. Carnivores vari mudunhu iri richava 10 makirogiramu pamusoro biomass, uye inotevera pamwero achava akaenzana 1 kilogram fuma synthesized kubva biomass.

Izvi unoumba munhu zvakatipoteredza chepiramidhi. Anoratidza nhamba mhuka, kana biomass simba rine cheni zvokudya panguva imwe pamwero.

Ndezvomuzvarirwo kuti mumwe kubatana zviri LEVEL zvinosanganisira vanhu kurei saizi. Asi apo zvinenge huru kuva zvishoma nezvishoma uye vari kukwikwidzana mumwe. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti vane vavengi zvishoma, uye akaparadza shoma zvikuru. Huru nekurovererwa kukura kwavo ndiko shoma zvokudya uye shoma munharaunda.

Lower mhando zvipenyu zviri cheni zvokudya zviri zvishoma shoma iri zvokudya, asi vari pasi zvikuru kuparadzwa.

Zvichienderana sezvamunoita kwavo kusiyanisa mhando dzakasiyana nengetani zvokudya.

1. cheni Mafuro muri nhevedzano Links kuti kutanga zvirimwa. Zvinowanika kunyanya mugungwa nzvimbo uye nyika zvinhu zvipenyu. Somuenzaniso, miti tibatsirwe simba kubva zuva uye zvokudya mabviro nezvipembenene (shavishavi absorbs nekita). Uyewo, remukonikoni vanozvigutisa kungozvifunga, uye iye ndiye zvokudya datya. Nokuti datya chaizvoizvo panjodzi, zvinogona kuva waitirwa mumwe chinorura. Izvi - muenzaniso kufamba makemikari nyaya kubudikidza cheni zvokudya.

2. detrital zvitengeswa cheni chinhu cheni manyowa. Kunotanga manyowa zvibereko nemhuka. matunhu aya chaizvo kumiririrwa mu mumadziva, madhamu uye nyanza. Saka, vakawanda vagari zvinoshandiswa zvokudya vakafa zvinenge vavo tsvina kana vakavharirwa kunze kuora zvigadzirwa (mashizha kubva kumahombekombe miti).

3. redunhu Parasitic rinoumbwa zvipenyu nokuda tupukanana vanorarama vomuzana kuitira, uye zvichingodaro. D.

pezvakaitwa All zvakasikwa zviri interconnected. Kutyorwa chuma zvokudya kunotungamirira mhirizhonga munyika yose mararamiro. Ose muviri mhenyu ine yayo niche pakugarisana izvi. It hakubvi Vamwe vanochiva kana ukuru.