SU-24 bhomba unhu (mufananidzo)

Kashoma ndege pasi zvikuru zvakawanda zvakagadzirwa kuchinja magadzirirwo kwacho kupfuura Su-24. Zvinoitwa ichi mberi-mutsetse bhomba mutengi (Ministry of Defense) kunoramba vakakumbira pakakwirira, uye ndege aifanira adzokorore kwete chete private zvekushandisa zvinogadzirisa kakawanda, asi zvinonakisa Conceptual kuumbwa. Zvakaguma kumbenge: mudziyo rwauya pamusoro kubwinya wakapfuura hwake, aiva kudiwa kunyange chiuru chemakore chechitatu.

In yakaisvonaka kufarira

nyika yose yakanga iri chatakagara "chemaneka chombo" Munguva mashanu. Military theorists vaifunga kuti ndege sezvo kwechirwere simba, kana kwete zvachose zvisingachashandi, ipapo zvirokwazvo, zvinenge, vakafirwa dzavo inokosha kukosha muhondo ano. In mhedziso izvi zvizere kwawakananga uye kurwisa ndege. Zvisinei, izvi akashinga kwazvo nemaonero asina yakagovana navose, uye kurwisa ndege kukura ichiri kuitika. Sezvo chikamu bhajeti mari CB PO Sukhoi akanga achiparidza kwadzakabva pamusoro vakabudirira zvikuru Su-7 kuti ape mano muhondo mishoni kutsigira pasi mauto mamiriro rwakashata ekunze. Kutaura zvazviri, pasi achinyepera basa pamusoro nadzurudzo kwomudonzvo zvechokwadi akasika chaizvo motokari itsva, uye shanduro iri kuvandudzika vatana yagadzirwa kuti bato machinda kumanikidza "techies" ayo mukuru mutsetse. We vaiona nzira dzakasiyana kuti marongerwo, kufungisisa mukana vakagovera zvemagetsi yakaoma, pasina iro kurwiswa ano vasingagoni kunge akaoma simba.

rokusika kutsvaka

Mugumisiro hwokusika yokutambudzwa vakava vokutanga Su-15, akashongedzerwa ne "Orion"-weather zvose wekushandisa hurongwa. Asi zvinodiwa muchiuto vakava makasimba, zvino aifanira kurwisa ndege aigona kubvisa kubva tsvina zviuno, uye pfupi. Optimizing akaramba rokuvaka akawedzerwa mamwe michini, nokusimudza ndege kubvisa. Asi zvakanga zvisiri izvo. Os Samoylovich, Project Manager, kunetseka kupedza yacho rebus. A chinobatsira akauya, oddly zvakakwana, kubva zvinogona muvengi.

Maiva muna 1964, Khrushchev ichangobva kubviswa, uye vatsva pfungwa utungamiri havana kudanana saka, asi pragmatic. Afunge warplanes zvakare vakagamuchira zvizere mari. Samoylovich Designer nendege Paris musi Aerospace Exhibition. Akaona chinhu chinonakidza.

An American muParis

Vanotarisa yakafanana chaizvo - the American F-111 yedu SU-24. Photo, unhu uye kurwisa nezvaanogona, uye Chikurukuru, chinangwa izvi ndege mbiri vari pedyo chaizvo. Mupfungwa, Samoylovich akaita Zvisinei, zvakananga nokukwereta pamusoro vakawanda marongerwo zano, ndizvo chaizvo kwakarurama. The kambani "General Dynamics" vanodada kuisa vana vavo panguva dzakawanda dzinoratidza muna Le Bourget. Ona ndege aigona wose asi mukuru mugadziri akazengurira kuuya pedyo naye. Ipapo akatora ake "ZVIGUTE" uye panguva iyoyo akaziva zvakataurwa Su-24. Photo F-111 ndege muMoscow vaiona vanyatsohuongorora, mainjiniya vanoyemurwa vorongerwa unyanzvi uye akataura pamusoro zvaakaona.

Chokwadi, chokwadi kuti magadzirirwe "chakabiwa" kubva vokuAmerica uye unogona kuva mubvunzo. Zvakavanzika kambani "General Dynamics" inogona kuchengetwa, uye kana vanhu vokuSoviet vakanga kuwana zvino zvakaitika zvikuru gare gare. Zvichakadaro Os Samoylovich zvakakwana uye chitarisiko. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, akanyora mifananidzo yake, vaRoma, "akanaka nomuvuki."

mukuru schematic

Zvimwe hoisting michini, nokuderedza run-kure Machine, vave kuzivikanwa kusarudza. Vanoshanda chete pakutanga mumasekonzi shoma uye vanofanira kutakura ndege yavo nguva dzose. Chimwe chinhu - the shanduka kutsvaira bapiro, kunobatsirei zvinogona kuitwa munguva kurwisa basa, achiishandura kurwiswa akasiyana nokukurumidza modes.

Zvisinei, paiva izvo vaizoita ane kwokunze mutoro Su-24 mamwe matambudziko nezvombo,. Bhomba rwoga anotungamira pylons pakati zvombo uye mabhomba kuenderana kuti Vector kosi - zvaida chaiyo mvumo electromechanical hurongwa. Yakakura mupanda vaviri antennas radar kwakaita simba BREA nzvimbo, iyo yakanga kwete zvapfuura yemashoko ndege kutsigira Frontline Sukhoi. Asi chikuru chinetso achizouya.

nastilnyj ndege

Kudomwa tactical bhomba ndiko nokukurumidza kukuvadza pane muvengi navanopinda (kusvika 800 km), pedyo mberi. Kuti dzika basa iri, unofanira kuva hwokugadzira anokwanisa kukurira mhepo kudzivirira miganhu, umo nyaya zvichaita predictably kutakura kunonyanyisa nemishonga. Munguva sixties iri radars havana sezvo vakakwana sezvazvakaita nhasi, uye chinangwa yakaderera-pamwero "akaona" haisi nguva dzose zvazviri. Izvi zvinoshandawo kuenda neherikoputa radars aigona kuti haana kusiyanisa zvinhu pamusoro mamiriro enyika. American F-111 nendege panguva zvikuru yakaderera kukwira, skirting kuti mamiriro enzvimbo. Izvi ndizvo chinangwa wakaisirwa Su-24 vagadziri. Features kumhanya isina yadzikira, aida mumwe "supersonic" kunyange panguva zvigare kutiza.

kuchengetedza yakachengeteka chipingamupinyi rakafukidza maitiro unoshanda modes maviri - Chinyorwa uye zvokuzvisarudzira. Uchifunga zvokuvamba nechigadziko 60 (zvimwe mwenje) inongori sedziri kubudirira ichi.

Mafuta zvinodyiwa uye kurwisana nharaunda

Mumakore iwayo epakuvamba, nyaya huni upfumi kwazvo akamira. Zvisinei, neparafini vapera chachinja rinokosha chaizvo paakati - kuwanda. Kuwedzera izvozvo, waida kuti echimurenga mhinduro - yezwi vakarongeka yokunzvenga injini. Muna afterburner muoti, vakava noushamwari zvishoma wafukidzwa pane kwakajairika Turbojet, asi, sezvo ruzivo zvinoratidza, tactical bhomba mukana unopinza kuwedzera nokukurumidza kunenge asina kudiwa. Afunge injini chaiwo kuroorana Design Bureau Cradles uye Tumansky ( "Saturn"). Vari chinangwa chete nokuda Su-24. Combat ndege siyana yakawedzera yekudyidzana - nokuti kupfuura makiromita mazana mashanu.

Gara parutivi ...

Inenge ose tactical Ndege uye kurwisa ndege kubva Second World War uye zvinotevera makore aiva tandem marongerwo taita. Plant mutyairi, aidzidzisa kana opareta gadziriro maoko anotevedzana chakaita vagadziri vanoda kuderedza fuselage muchinjikwa-chikamu. Saka neb aerodynamic zvuva. Uyezve, ndaiva kukosha uye chinangwa size, maererano Anti-ndege atirari, ane Kurwisa. revelation Real aiva placement maviri nhengo vashandi pedyo mumwe ari American F-111. zano iri Os Samoylovich akafunga kunyorera kuti Su-24. Kabhini photos rinoratidza pamberi kuzvidzora mubato co-mutyairi, kunyange zviri zvishoma shoma pane mutyairi wacho. Safety nezvavanofunga zvitungamirire chidzitiro chaiyo akaparadzaniswa panguva ejection chigaro, asi gare gare Zvakazoitika kuti njodzi chakasara mundege yokukuvadzwa mutyairi wendege ari usingashandi. The kupanana ruzivo pakati mutyairi aidzidzisa kutorerwa zvikuru, paiva "kunzwa comradeship".

Engine uye titanium moto

On nokurondedzerwa Su-24 yekudyidzana kukanganisa injini yakasarurwa. The Makopi okutanga apera "chigadzirwa nhamba 85," kureva, reactive turbine AL-21F, ari compressor inoshandiswa titanium zvikamu. Ichi acho rakasimba zvikuru uye nyore, asi pamasikiro injini vagadziri vasina vaiona vamwe mamiriro ayo. The kudziyisa of turbine mashizha kunotungamirira elongation dzavo, uye ipapo kubata kwavo peripheral micheto dzimba. Fani iyi, inonzi "titanium moto", zvichiguma dzinenge nguva imwe combustion pamusoro ndege yose, uye tsvaka chikonzero haana pakarepo pachena.

Pakupedzisira, pashure akaedza kuchinja zvimwe kugadzirwa injini, KB asarudza yakanaka-Tuning of AL-21F, izvo pari kushandiswa.

mudambudziko

Kutiza zvikabva rokutanga, kuwana indekisi T6-1, muna 1967, akamutsa Test Pilot Ilyushin BC, mwanakomana yakakurumbira ndege akagadzira. The bvunzo rakabudirira, asi kwapera kuvandudza kuva pachena zvakakomba STRUCTURAL kuremara. Miedzo akanga akareba uye nesimba ravo kumwedzi yakadonha motokari gumi (7 vavo - nokuda injini budiriro zvikanganiso). Chete zuva rimwe 1973 (August 28) KB akarasikirwa prototypes maviri. Zvichida kana basa racho ndiko kunongokosha kwokudzivirira nyika, zvingadai kuzarirwa pasi pashure kakawanda kudaro. Asi Os Samoylovich vakatenda Su-24, zvainyanya izvo anovimbisa kuti zvakaisvonaka. Uye kuedzwa mberi sezvo basa kubvisa kuzvibatanidza nokukundikana STRUCTURAL.

Shock bhomba simba

Bhomba Bay, sezvo anodzivisa American F-111, ndege haina akashongedzerwa nemarudzi ose zvombo dziri pamusoro pylons sere, mana iyo - ventral. Two injini simba inopa mukana kutakura kwakajairika uye anokosha (enyukireya kana namakemikari) munitions, kusanganisira mukuru simba. Nokudaro, kuturika pamusoro yakamisirwa chikamu bapiro kurehwa kuti mabhomba yairema hafu tani. Siyana hunhu zvombo Su-24. Combat mutoro yairema matani masere anogona kuva unguided mabhomba kana correctable (kusanganisira Laser-runotungamirirwa), NAR kutigumbura, midziyo kana makaseti. Kuti abate akasiyana-siyana yakadaro, pylons vari vakapakata adapters uye mamwe matanda. Asi kwete chete mabhomba anogona urove Su-24 bhomba kuti anogona kunzi uye Ngarava dzepasi pemvura.

zvinokandwa

The dambudziko kudzvanyirira muvengi mhepo kuzvidzivirira fungidzira rakabatana pamwe kuonekwa uye kuparadzwa radar nenhepfenyuro pakutanga - antennas emitters-vagamuchiri. In America, Anti radar zvombo "Shpayk" (1963) yakagadzirwa chinangwa ichi, izvo kutungamirirwa gadziriro rinonyatsotarira zvikuru mukuru-Frequency radar nemwaranzi. A yakafanana chombo X-28 yakanga yakagadzirirwa muSoviet Union - yokupedzisa dzavo zvombo ndege enyika Su-24. Combat nezvaanogona kuti nhare ichi inonyanya kutaurwa aiwanzopiwa wokushanda akabuda maviri bhomba, wokutanga "nenguva" locators "Feline" maitiro, uye wechipiri vakashandisa zvakananga zvakaitika kare achiziva parameters kuti inotakura maitikiro emitters. Kutungamirirwa zvombo X-23 vakafurira redhiyo murayiro nzira.

Kune dzakasiyana zvombo zvinokandwa Su-24. Photography ndege vakapakata makaseti Nursaya kana chombo P-60 ( "mhepo-kuti-mhepo"), kuratidza pakawanda ari inobvira mafomu bhomba, kusanganisira pamusoro kuenda neherikoputa kushungurudza. Full interceptor iye, Chokwadi, hazvigoni zita, asi kuzvidzivirira vaiona zvisingaiti mudenga.

Usakanganwa pamusoro vagadziri uye atirari zvombo. SU-24, vakapakata 23-millimeter-sextuple GSh 6-23M (pakuvara). Zvinokwanisika kuwedzera operative firepower nokuzvisarudzira kuti yakaturikwa nokukurumidza-pfuti mirwi yokurwa (more matatu) pa kwokunze nodes suspensions.

The chigadzirwa ndiye "44"

Chero inobudirira mumuchina takagadzirirwa upenyu hurefu, zvichiteverwa kuedza kuvandudza nepurani yayo. Zvino pamwe Su-24 ndege. Zvinoitwa kwaari mashoko vakuru Bazi Kutsigira USSR, vaida kururamiswa. Zvikurukuru akakodzera ndiyo zvinetso kuvandudza avionics uye kukwanisa kuwedzera uremu yacho payload. The nadzurudzo itsva, iyo panguva Novosibirsk Aviation Plant muna 1979 rinonzi "chigadzirwa 44", muna 1981, akatanga iyerere kupinda muchiuto dzakabatana pasi bumbiro iri Su-24M. Pamutemo, mharidzo akaiswa basa muna 1983. Ndiye zvairema kupfuura kumumvuri, asi tikafunga vasanyanye ndege Data zvabatwa kurwadziwa agility kwese ane "wakachena" Su-24. Features kukubvumira kuita kunyange aerobatics, kuti kumberi-mutsetse bhomba isingawanzowanikwi unhu.

An utsanzi kwaikosha mukana, uye-kutiza refueling. To kwake vezvikepe vaifanira vajaire vokutanga eighties, pashure kushanda kumeso unyanzvi yokuswedera kuti cône hosipaipi ngarava, asi mhedzisiro kupembedza zviripo. The nharaunda yacho revarwi kushandisa zvino kufukidza yose Europe (munguva yasimuka kubva WGF Banga) uye zvizhinji Asia.

Su-24 uye remakore itsva

Uye pakutanga wechitatu chemakore, hapana panotaura kuti nokukurumidza vachaenda "zvakakodzera zororo," Su-24. Unhu zvokuti kuhondo mishoni, anogona zvechokwadi kuita kwemakore akawanda. Aiva mukana kuita zvimwe kurwa muhondo dzakawanda kuti akamuka pashure pokuwa USSR. The ndege ane twi airframe, injini simba uye yakafarikana zvombo. Panguva kukwira pamusoro 200 metres, anogona vabhururuke aimhanya anosvika 1400 km / h. SU-24 vakapakata rakasiyana kununura rakarira zvinoreva. Achaita vachiri kushumira musha nyika.