Story ne Anton Chekhov "gobvu uye Mutete": An Analysis. Gobvu uye dzakaonda - hunhu magamba

Muna 1883, mu "Zvimedu" magazini paiva nyaya diki "gobvu uye Mutete" by Anton Chekhov. Pfupi uye succinct ari kugutsikana kuti uzere zvahunoreva. Munyori anotaura nyaya iri kwayo subservience uye servility, kwave chinangwa kutsoropodzwa mabhuku Russian.

Murwiyo uye zviri (pfupi)

Mukobvu uye dzakaonda, vaimbova navo kuchikoro, akasangana nemasanga pachiteshi. The kutaurwa Nikolaev njanji rokutanga mutongo wacho (a compressed dzokupisa) kunoratidza kuti magamba nyaya - kumachinda. Detailed Rondedzero Chekhov usingatangi asi chairo zvinoyevedza mashoko pakarepo kuunza yakajeka kuti chii chiri kuitika. Somuenzaniso, kutaura chokwadi kuti kubva gobvu hwema "Sherry uye fleur-d'oranzhem" - chiratidzo kusachinja-chinja, uye kwounyengeri - "hamu uye kofi nhandare", kunobatsira kuziva pane pavaipfuura evanhu manera aiva mumwe magamba. Mukuwedzera, yokupedzisira akaturikwa noruoko mabhokisi nemasutukezi - pamwe tisina imwe mari kana kupembedza mari wemukova.

First ndakacherechedza aimbova mukomana zvakora. Cheer ake akatarisa Porphyry anova kuomesa chiito. Vakanga vasina kuona kubva pauduku, uye ndezvomuzvarirwo kuti nhaurirano pakati vaviri yakasungirirwa. A pfupi asi zvakakwanira muverengi kuti kunzwisisa rinokosha nenzvimbo nechimwe shamwari zvizere.

Mugumo inova kana mutete anoziva miti yakasvika muupenyu shamwari yake. Mike ichichinja kuita "Changamire Your", uye Porphyry buda kuva obsequious uye fawning murume muduku kuti mamwe pachisara acharatidza.

Gobvu uye dzakaonda panguva nhaurirano

Porfiry, kuona shamwari youduku, aingovawo vakashamiswa. Vaimbove shamwari akavambundira uye nhatu "akamutsvoda" - Munyori ndeimwewo anoshandisa pano akakwidziridzwa Mutauro kupa yose chiitiko ane Kutsvinyirwa hunhu.

Slim aiva aitaurisa uye okuzvikudza akatanga kutaura hwake. Akatanga wake uye mwanakomana, apo Natanieri tanga kufunga uye ipapo akabvisa ake hat. Akati kuti kwemakore basa muhofisi akasvika collegiate assessor. Uye vachiri chinoita otengesa pazvimonera - chimwezve mari kuti muhoro. Zvisinei, mufaro wake uye zvikafadza musangano yakanyangarika angokandwa, paakaziva kuti shamwari yake - "Ndinofunga kare ndokuendeswa?" - kusimudzirwa kuna achizivawo Patson. Dzisinganyatsooneki pakutanga rakacheneruka uye zvaiita sokuti Petrified, uye ipapo kupendwa pamusoro pechiso broadest achinyemwerera, zvichida yakanakisisa akakodzera kuti kukurukura rinokosha munhu. Iye pakarepo sevakanga kuderedzwa, kuedza kwete ndirumbidzwe rakawandisa. Zvimwezvo zvakaitika nemhuri uye vakawanda yake nodes uye makatoni: vose pakarepo raunyanira uye rakawunyana. Servility, chero mumamiriro ezvinhu, uye vose akanga kanenge zvishoma zvikuru, yakanga ndozvakajairwa kuti aivawo nechinzvimbo muhurumende upenyu - akadaro zvachose inopfupikisa maitiro Porphyry wayo ongororo.

Gobvu uye dzakaonda vakagovana kwete akasangana. Achizivawo Patson, zvokuita nemashoko mashoma ichiti uye chivimbo, asi akaratidza mutsa, aida kutaura chinhu, uye ipapo chete vakatsausa nokuzviisa pasi akaonekana navo ruoko. Yakarutsira kubva nokuchinja vamwe.

Mhuri yose yakanga chando ari "daze inofadza."

In pauduku

The vatambi nendangariro Porphyry pozvolet kuongorora kuongorora. Gobvu uye dzakaonda pamwe vakapedza makore mashoma chesekondari. Kunyange ipapo zvakanga pachena ukuru vaimbova, akadana Gyrostat - muchiGiriki yekare pamwe chete zita nomoto rimwe zvinoshamisa munyika. Misha Akapisa mudzanga breech bhuku - zvakajeka achida kuwana kutendeseka pamwe navo.

Mutete zita Ephialtes sezvo kazhinji Wava Mutengesi. Uye ichi zita - mutengesi of Spartans panguva Hondo Thermopylae - vakachengetedzwa munhau. Makore akapfuura, uye mumwe aiva akanaka murume, "mweya duku" uye dandy vakararama sedately uye zvakawanda. Imwe - "tichionga" kukwanisa kufadza uye makore akawanda basa, akakwanisa kusimuka kusvika pachinzvimbo chevatatu vakaderera, ngatitorei munhu knighthood. Zvino musiyano pakati vaimbova shamwari hwakafumurwa zvakatonyanya, uye kugara kutya Vakuru ake akamanikidza Porphyry kudedera pamberi vane maminitsi mashoma apfuura kwaingova "shamwari youduku".

Achishandisa mashoko uye basa mashoko

Huru chidobi kuti anoshandisa pfupi nyaya "gobvu uye dzakaonda" Chekhov - the zvinyorwa zvokupikisa. The juxtaposition evanhu inowanikwa zvose, kubatanidza title: kutaurwa chii nerimwe kudya tsika uye matauriro. Yokufananidzira panyaya iyi mutete. Kana pakutanga musangano tichanzwa kwaari: "iwe", "mudiwa wangu", "shamwari pauduku", Ndokuzofungisisa matauriro ake achinja kuti aitya uye achiremekedza. For zvinovaka "Changamire Your", "madzishe-imwe izvi", "nokuda tsitsi kwezita-ne", "till-hee-hee," etc. akawedzera Kumbomira, sokunge Reururai zvakaoma kutaura.

In chikamu nyaya yechipiri basa rinokosha iri Kuziviswa mufananidzo iri kuridzwa collegiate assessor dimikira ( "Petrified"), kuenzanisa ( "... zvakava kubva chake uye maziso ake zvemoto"), vane (bhokisi nodes "raunyanira grimace"). Saka nyaya "gobvu uye dzakaonda" Chekhov satirizes vachanamata woumbwende, opportunism gamba. Uye zvinoita dzakaonda mukusaziva, kubva tsika, kwete kuteerera mashoko aimbova komuredhi: "Zvakanaka, zvakakwana ... uye chii kuti matauriro?".

Patsika chigadzirwa

Kwakakwidibira pfungwa vanokonzera muverengi zviri nyaya yayo ongororo. "Gobvu uye dzakaonda" - muenzaniso yokuzvidzora Kuderedzwa kwakadini pamberi munhu anogona kusvika mukuedza ndapota kuti afarirwe,. A munyori mukuru uye connoisseur mweya womunhu, AP Chekhov, sezvo yave hafu yezana remakore rinotikurudzira kuti tizviongorore uye vamwe kuti vanhu pakupedzisira ndikabvisa uipi kuti kuvhiringidze pakagadzwa utano uye vepachokwadi ukama pakati vanhu.