Life uye basa Lomonosova Mihaila Vasilevicha

Nguva XVIII remakore yakanga vanotungamirirwa classicism. Shoko iri rakanga kunzwisiswa nenzira socio-tsika zviito vepamusoro reRoma rekare, izvo nascent bourgeoisie vaiona akakwana uye haana kutsvaka. Kazhinji muduku kutevedzera kare rationalism okugadzira zvinhu. Style ichi, wayo ehurumende neururami, dzematongerwe inobva pakudavira zvinobvira pakusika dzakanakira umambo, hapana mubvunzo, akachinja enhetembo basa Lomonosov.

Asi vanotsvakurudza vakanga vasingagutsikani chete rationalistic maonero chokwadi.

Features basa MV Lomonosov

Mabhuku okugadzira zvinhu University akarayirwa kuti kukura tsika National Russian. Haana chinangwa kuratidza yakapoteredza chokwadi. Muzvinyorwa ake akaridza kuziviswa guru zvokwadi chiratidzo ramangwana.

Akanga asiri kugutsikana magetsi muridzi hurongwa, asi nemabasa vakaridza kudada kukunda noumambo wokuRussia statehood, yakatangwa waPetro nguva.

Enhetembo upenyu nebasa M. V. Lomonosova

Ode kune venguva mabhuku Akagamuchira zvaunoda kukura. Genre ichi ndicho anokonzera mabasa nenguva iyo vakawanda chinangwa ndokumuka kupfuura munhu. Kufarira chero mudetembi akaonekwa apo manzwiro ake anoratidza zviitiko ehurumende uye senyika.

ode

University okugadzira zvinhu haasi masanga richiratidzwa kunyora odes. Genre ichi zvikuru kunoenderana mhinduro zvinetso nokukurumidza, sezvo mabasa aya, munyori kutaura chedetembo pamusoro kupfuura dzinokosha.
Mukuwedzera, ode panguva iyoyo aiva nepfungwa yaikosha, uye vari akarayira kuti hurumende yemichato. Pakuramba youmambo dzavo Vanhu, Lomonosov akaenda mhiri pamutemo dare-kukura, achitaura nyaya yake nyaya National kukosha. In imwe ode kuna Empress Elizabeth, Lomonosov anoimba rive muchengeti norugare ehurumende. Kubva kwake ushe akagumisa hondo Sweden.

Kumwe ode mudetembi akasiyana expressiveness uye uchenjeri. Zvikurukuru zvikuru iye vasiyana rakarurama nguva uye munhau. Lyric zano ode nezvokuuraya Khotina Epic inosanganisira muzvizhinji kuti zvinhu. The chikuru chebasa anotora hondo uye nechokuita pfungwa nyanduri. Kunyanya pachena kiyi nguva yehondo apo kuhwina "zvapungu Russian." In anoyemura ake nokuda kubudirira munyori anowana mashoko kuzoshanda nyika manzwiro vaverengi.

Poetry Lomonosov, muna pfupi, haana kunyanya yakakura uye hunoshamisa. Asi ake kusikwa gadziriro itsva versification hazvigoni dzakanaka.

Kudiwa zvinhu wokuRussia versification

MuRussia, yava kwenguva refu dambudziko versification. Kubvira XVI remakore yakashandiswa kwese syllabic musimboti usingabereki kufunga peculiarities mutauro wokuRussia. Lyrics anonzi ndima inomirira couplet waakaita senhetembo. Virsheviki zvakanyorwa mumutauro kwechiSlavonic, izvo akasika kuregawo pamwe zvavo nhetembo.

Imwe nhungamiro - tonic, zvakawanda unoenderana muchiLatin uye mutauro wechiGiriki, pakanga pasina chikamu simba mupfungwa. Its hwaro ndiro alternation refu uye pfupi ruzha.

Misimboti versification Trediakovsky

Change ndima Russian Trediakovskii akatanga. Akazoziva kuti pano ndiyo yakanakisisa tonic musimboti, kwakavakirwa alternation pamusoro akasimbisa mabhii pamwe unstressed. Akauya pedyo chaizvo kuti pfungwa itsva mutinhimira Unit - rutsoka, zvinosanganisira mubatanidzwa ane akasimbisa mabhii unstressed. Kusanganisa ukapisa murwi zvinotaurwa tonic uye syllabic versification, Trediakovskii aisagona zvachose ringabviswa netsika Russian syllabic. Iye zvishoma zvakagadzirwa ake ndima refu uye akasarudzwa chete mutinhimira chorea naye. Saka, sapiyona kuti syllabic-tonic ndima, Trediakovskii akaita chete rwayo.

Kuunza enhetembo Lomonosov maitiro

University okugadzira zvinhu pakupedzisira akabvumira kutanga inotevera zvakakodzera padariro Russian nhetembo zvinhu, tichifunga Accentology hwaro nhetembo, apo pane Ringanidzo pakati vakakatyamadzwa vakakatyamadzwa vakasununguka Longitude-Kupfupika. Kufanana ne dzidziso Trediakovsky kuguma, uye akazivisa pfungwa mbiri-mabhii uye-chichiita matatu, uye pane chikonzero-siyana senhetembo. Lomonosov anouya pfungwa kushomeka kukura ndima. Zvichienzaniswa chete mhando ndima, izvozvo anosika chose hurongwa.

Lomonosov nhetembo kwakaratidzwa kwake chido iambe, iyo inonyanya kunoenderana mukuru Genre yacho ode. Aidavira kuti iambe Anowanza ukuru uye nevaitonga basa.

Kuitwa hutsva nheyo versification

Mugumisiro yave zvishoma nezvishoma chinozoiswa versification kuchinja kuti asimbiswa syllabic-tonic mharidzo Russian nhetembo, izvo zvichiri chiri hwaro. Pioneer pano anonzi Trediakovskii iyo akapa yokungotaura hwaro uye kutanga zvakaitika musimboti itsva.

Okugadzira zvinhu M. V. Lomonosova mune mirayiridzo iyi zvainanga wayo kukura, utariri uye kufambiswa yose enhetembo tsika. Mudetembi chinzvimbo iambe tetrameter uye anova payo odes ake. Maererano Mikhail Vasilyevich, chinonyanya kuhupenyu kwamachinda uye yakakwirira yakati sandara pakati enhetembo Genre. Clematis sequentially anoti uye kunosvika syllabo- tonic prosody, sezvo mutauro Russian zvakakodzera zvikuru. nheyo dzayo dzakanga mumatauriro nhetembo pamusoro Pushkin.

University mabhuku okugadzira zvinhu

Pakutanga XVIII remakore mu Russia yakanga inozivikanwa neimwe nzira Ages youpenyu, nepo muna Europe maiva echimurenga hwokugadzira uye sayenzi transformations, uyewo dzakabudirira tsika uye dzidzo.

Okugadzira zvinhu University mumabhuku zvakajeka richiratidzwa kusikwa itsva enhetembo maitiro. Iyewo ndohwaJehovha dzidziso mutauro uye mabhuku, kusimuka Russian girama yokutanga uye zvinotaurwa nevezvematongerwe. Zvadaro nayo ndiyo ine remakore uye akaramba ari mabasa A. S. Pushkina.

Creative basa University akanga zvainanga pakusika mabhuku Russian. Books rakabudiswa muchechi mukuru, uye vakanga mashoko chiGiriki uye vamwe vakawanda vakanga vasiri pachena muverengi zhinji. Pfungwa mashoko Russian kuvaka dzidziso yakavakirwa Church kwechiSlavonic uye mutauro dzaishandisa, iro rinoreva kuti kuMoscow matauriro. Words dzakaparadzaniswa 3 wakadzikama:

• yaiwanzoshandiswa;
• bhuku, asi sawanikwa;
• folksy.

The rokutanga ANONYARADZA (soro) akasikirwa kunyora odes uye nhetembo; Zvenguva akashanda prose, elegies, satires, nomuzikamwi tsamba mundima; shoma - nokuti muunganidzwa wenziyo, epigrams, uye kwekuva mutambo wa kunyora bhizimisi senguva dzose. On dzidziso iyi siyana mune ramangwana rakaita mutauro anodzidza kubva XVIII remakore.

Somunhu Patriot uye nomukurumbira, Lomonosov akabatsira zvakasimba kuti kukura Russian chiedza. An kubudirira chinokosha mirayiridzo iyi pakusikwa yunivhesiti yokutanga Russian.

Lomonosov okugadzira zvinhu mumabhuku hwakada kufanana basa nesayenzi. Verse uye Russian mutauro mudetembi nyanzvi nani kupfuura venguva yake. Kushandura mabasa nesayenzi nezvimwe mitauro, pakarepo akasika munhu mazwi matsva.

About upenyu uye basa Lomonosov pfupi uye S. rinogutsa I. Vavilov akati kuti mumwe munhu akabatanidza kwesayenzi, unyanzvi uye nhoroondo zvido uye mafungiro. Zvisinei, havana kuratidza pasi pokudzora kufurirwa kubva kunze, asi kubva mudzimba zvinodiwa. Mikhail pachake akakurudzira vanhu varege kuyemura kukosha kwayo, uye kushandisa pfungwa dzavo.

Kudikanwa kusika masangano itsva vokuRussia

Dzidzo masangano pakutanga XVIII remakore Russia anogona kuverengwa iri minwe. Education haisi vanhu kukwana soro madenderedzwa, uye nechezasi kirasi vanhu vaigona chete kudzidza kuverenga nokunyora. nyaya Lomonosov akanga akasiyana, uye chete yakanaka mubatanidzwa ezvinhu, tarenda rake uye kutsungirira vakabvumira kusvika soro mune zvesayenzi.

Huripo Zvikoro havagoni kusangana zvinodiwa guru. Pane chinhu kudiwa kwokukurumidzira mudzimba nyanzvi uye chekare State University nokuda kwamachinda uye vanhuwo zvavo yaidiwa.

Creation of Moscow University

Life uye Works of Lomonosov vakanga achinyanya kuisa pfungwa kukura nesayenzi uye dzidzo munyika yokumusha. Muna 1753 akatanga magadzirirwo uye maumbirwo wokutanga National yunivhesiti yacho muMoscow, uye pashure 2 years rokuizarura pamwechete jendurumani pamusoro mokuvata pakati Empress Elizabeth I. I. Shuvalovym. Zvakanga kutanga yepamusoro dzidzo sangano Russia umo aigona kunge akaita chero vakakwanisa vechidiki, zvisinei mukirasi. Pasinei chokwadi kuti muSt Petersburg aiva Academy of Sciences, academicians vatorwa vakaramba ipapo nzvimbo yacho chaiyo uye haana kubvumirwa kukudziridza epamba tarenda.

Mikhail hazvidzidziswi paUniversity of Moscow, nokuti upenyu hwose uye basa University kwakaitika St. Petersburg.

Asi akabatsira zvakasimba kutanga yokuRussia nesayenzi tichitarisa yokupindira vomunharaunda unyanzvi. Kwapera makore mashomanana mano ose hurukuro vaiva Russian muzvinafundo.

Zvikurukuru kusiyaniswa pachavo pakudzidzisa vadzidzi vakagamuchira knighthood. University yakatanga, kugadzirisa matambudziko nesayenzi uye dzidzo. Akava mumwe nzvimbo tsika nyika.

mhedziso

Life uye Basa University zvishoma tsanangura zvakaoma. basa rayo kunoratidzwa muminda zvose sayenzi uye tsika XVIII remakore. Iye aigara nguva Kusuma itsva, chinoyevedza uye mberi. The pakawanda zvido zvake uye mabasa akafanana ichienzaniswa chete Leonardo da Vinci.

Okugadzira zvinhu Mikhail Lomonosov uye basa nechinangwa musayendisiti aishora kuti pave Russia wayo kushaya kubva Middle Ages. Iye makawana inodiwa kukura sayenzi uye dzidzo, izvo arega akazova zvisingabviri nokuda nezvokupindira vanhu mumakirasi ose.

Pazuva kukosha uye mupiro kuti paumbwe ake Yababa kupfeka ndima pamwe zvikuru inofananidza munyika munhoroondo yacho kukura.