Stage okukura munzanga, maererano Marx uye Toffler

The ano nyika sezvo tinozviziva nhasi, akasikwa pamusoro zvemakore uye hakuna chete uye kwete zvikuru nemhaka rwokugadzira zvakagadzirwa. Uye zvakafanana pamusoro wayo inotungamirwa akaita sei munzanga kukura. Mumwe nguva munhoroondo yebudiriro yevanhu pacharwo noruzhinji zvinhu. Mugore socio-enyika uye zvoupfumi vakafunga okupedzisira emakore, aivapo akawanda maonero akasiyana chaizvo uye anouya weboka nhau muitiro panguva dzakasiyana zvokukura kukura munzanga yevanhu. Nhasi, inonyanya kufarirwa kupatsanura pakati American futurologist Alvin Toffler. Last akasarudzwa zvinotevera padariro munzanga chiitiko munhoroondo:

• Agrarian veruzhinji. Yaimiririra anenge zvachose murimi mudiki kwevanhu. Hazvina Kurima uye bestovarny hunhu okuwana chinoratidzwa iyi kukura.
• Industrial veruzhinji. It akasimuka somugumisiro hombe rwokugadzira zvakagadzirwa ano: kuti yaitsiva remaoko kuti muchina uye kwemaindasitiri. azvaiitwa akava akasimba kwakabatsira evanhu kukura, triggering ari intensification pamusoro capitalist ukama nemagariro stratification.
• Post-maindasitiri munzanga. Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti padariro mumagariro pakukura haina noruvara kupararira mumakona ose enyika panyika. Nyika dzakawanda venyika "nyika rechitatu" nhasi asiri kwemaindasitiri kuwana. Panguva iyoyowo, vazhinji Western inoti kare vakapfuura chaipo, vachipinda ruzivo rwakazara. Post-maindasitiri nzanga kunoratidzwa ndechokuti vanhu vakawanda mairi hatichisiri mubasa kugadzirwa zvinhu. pezvakaitwa aya zvoga. Zvino, hukuru nhamba yevanhu mubasa siyana basa zvedzidzo.

Marxist maonero padariro mumagariro budiriro

Types makambani munhoroondo sezvazviri, zvichida kunyange zvakadzama uye zvakazara kuongororwa ne musayendisiti wokuGermany Karlom Marksom. Gare gare yakawanda vateveri vake. Chaizvoizvo, zviri nzira ichi kokutanga uye vakakumbirwa kutarisa nzanga somugumisiro pakati ukama okuwana. Uye nzira iyi pari kupfuura akura uye mukurumbira (kwete chete muCommunist kana mugovanisi pfungwa). Pavaipfuura Kugadzirwa Marx kuti vanhu yakakamurwa idzodzo huru shanu.

• Chinyakare munharaunda. Panguva iyi kambani hakuiti kuti chero zvakawandisa chigadzirwa. All naro ukapisa pakarepo pasina vakasara. Saka, zvinogona kuva pfuma stratification.
• Slaveholding. The zvakanaka nzanga unopfuura akazorora pamusoro kumanikidzwa muranda wechibharo.
• Feudal, kwaiva zvakananga akanyatsorongwa kuti vatongi vari pasi uye overlords. Kukukurwa maumbirwo vanhu vakadaro ndivo hwaro upenyu hwayo. An inokosha mamirire feudal inotungamirwa zvakasikirwa hwakapararira, bestovarnogo utariri. Sezvineiwo, padariro mumagariro budiriro hwakapiwa muna Marx basa maererano European ruzivo. Theorists vanodavira kuti zvakadaro nhoroondo pave nokudenga. Zvisinei, sezvo zvikazooneka, hazvisi. KuMabvazuva, paiva yakasiyana zvachose, politarny kwadzinoita kugadzirwa. Hamuna kuchengetwa chero ukama muranda-suzerain kana chaiyo (chinotonyanya kukosha). Saka, feudalism akaratidza kuomerera European chaiyo.
• Capitalism. Maererano Marx, capitalism akanga kutsiva feudalism, kana chisimba nzira nokumanikidzwa inotsiviwa ezvoupfumi nzira, pane pfungwa dzebhizimisi, makirasi matsva, etc.
• YechiKomonisiti inotungamirwa. Zvisinei, capitalism ruchigona vawedzere kudzvinyirirwa vashandi uye kuramba Kuipa avo ezvinhu. Maererano Marxists, izvi zvakanga kugumisa tichikufunga pedyo chimurenga uye kugadzwa kupfuura rwake muvanhu. pfungwa idzi dzaifanira zvikuru muupenyu nhoroondo redu XX. Zvisinei, ruzivo, sezvo nguva dzose, akaita zvinokosha kuderedzwa tinyatsonzwisisa kuti chinhanho echiKomonisiti uye kukura capitalist inoti.