Interesting chokuita St. Petersburg. History of St. Petersburg

Kwete guta rimwe nerimwe mazana matatu nemakore kare anozvikudza akasiyana siyana mapurani uye tsika yakadaro, Petro. Uye upfumi hwake, iye vanosungirwa kuroorwa, izvo pfungwa nokuda kusava nomusoro pfungwa iri kazhinji mibvunzo. Museums, dzemitambo uye mumaraibhurari, nhare nemapindu, dzorudo, unyanzvi uye mavambo - ndiyo musimboti ose Leningrad nharaunda, izvo pagore chinokwezva vashanyi vanobva munyika dzakasiyana. Nhasi tinotaura guta rinokudzwa ane akapfuma nhoroondo. Uchadzidza zvakawanda zvinonakidza zvinhu pamusoro Peter.

Mundima ngano

Saint Petersburg ari yakafukidzwa zvizhinji dzinonakidza uye kujairika ngano. Mumwe wavo inotiudza nheyo dzaro. Maererano pamutemo shanduro, mambo mukuru Peter Mukuru vakaziva kuti nyika inoda chengarava. Izvi zvaizobatsira kuti pave kuonana Europe. Ndokusaka kwaidiwa kuumba nzvimbo kuti aizova nzvimbo zvikepe uye panguva imwecheteyo kudzivirira okumusoro-dzokumadokero nzvimbo munyika. Nzvimbo chaienzanirana pamusoro nzira, vakasarudzwa pamhenderekedzo muGulf of Finland.

May 16, 1703, ari kupemberera Utatu, mambo vakasvika Rabbit Island. zita iri rinobva pakuti pane mukuru usava mumwe tsuro chakavanzirwa mambo mvura uye akasvetuka ari majombo, nokudaro rinoponesa pachavo.

Ringa nzvimbo, iyo mambo akakunda kubva yeSweden, pakarepo akamira akati kuti kuchava guta guru uye rinobwinya St. Petersburg. Ipapo akatora nefoshoro akatanga kuchera gungwa. Gare gare iye nheyo ibwe yeramangwana wakakombwa. Panguva iyoyo, nzvimbo yacho yaiva safambika doro uye mikukutu isingagariki. Nepo gavhuna akafamba, akaenda naye kwese gondo - chiratidzo kubudirira, simba uye kubudirira.

Zvinonzwisisika achinyatsoramba zvavo dzechembere

Kutaura zvazviri, vanenge vose ngano - yokunyepera. Izvi zvinoshandawo ngano pamusoro. Vanotsvakurudza zvakazara taishoropodzwa rungano yakadaro. Kunyange zvakadaro, nhoroondo St. Petersburg achiri vasingasiyani kubva nyaya, uye kwenguva yakareba, vanhu vanofunga vave chokwadi.

ingano First - kuvapo Petro Hare Island muna May 1703. Panguva ino, Kesari vakatevera kuvakwa ngarava Lodeynoye Pole, raiva 200 chete kubva guru remangwana. Uyezve, mambo-baba kashoma kwakadonha munharaunda iyi. Uye kwete youmambo nyaya kuchera makomba, nekuisa matombo wokutanga, uye kumhanya kuburikidza enyika.

Hapana gondo yakanaka, nekuti havana kuwana munharaunda iyi. Zvisinei, sango pano uye kwakanga chaizvoizvo dzesango. Somuenzaniso, musi Elagin Island, iro nhasi dzimba mupaka pavo. S. M. Kirova, inogarwa shava unobereka.

Zviya, mhuka idzi hadzina zvakanaka kugamuchirwa chokwadi kuti napedyo nevanhu uye nguva akarwisa vavaki, izvo zvakaita kuti pane guru kurasikirwa neupenyu. Pakupedzisira, kwakasarudzwa kuti aparadze nemapere.

Jungle chete nemisha

In ichi dzinonakidza chokuita St. Petersburg, usaregedza. Nyaya safambika, pasingagarwi anezvimiti - sezvo yokunyepera. Kutaura zvazviri, izvi nyika rakashandurwa asi chinyakare vanhu inogarwa avo vaiva vehama Finno-Ugric marudzi. Muna VIII-IX emakore Slavs vakagara pano. Munguva 1600s, kundima izvi munguva yehondo akanga akunda shure nokuda yeSweden, uye vaiva navo kusvikira 1721. Panguva mavambo kuvakwa paiva anenge makumi mana Neine Basa Chaizvo nemisha pamwe nemachechi, nematende, dzimba. By netsika Ages yaiva kumbonyanya guru yawo. Asi simba zvivako vekare akakoromora uye zvivako zvitsva panzvimbo yavo.

Uye kare vanoramba pfungwa yokuti mambo akatungamirira zvaaiitira zvido zvevanhu. chinangwa chake chikuru chaiva kusika mutsva nyika yokuEurope, waiva Russia munguva yemberi iri pedyo. St. Petersburg yakavakwa kubva pasi nokuda kwokuti mambo haana aenderane ipapo vanhu. Guta guru mutsva aifanira kuva asina chete rezvematongerwo enyika asiwo tsika simba centre.

Chakavanzika zita

Kuwedzera inonyatsozivikanwa ngano kuti ataure nyaya kuvambwa guta, vanhu vakaumba ane kururama kufanana nevechiduku zita reguta. Vanhu vakawanda vanodavira kuti ndiyo zvakananga panotaurwa zita rayo muvambi - Peter Mukuru. Kutaura zvazviri, mambo haana ukama kuti chokwadi ichi. The guta zita rokukudza St. Peter. Mambo kunyange isati yavako guta aida kubhadhara mutero kutambudzirwa kutenda, vane zita akaberekwa, uye inonzi vanomutevera mamwe mucheto.

History of St. Petersburg anotiwo kuti Petro Paul Fortress, iyo vakaisa mambo, ndiye anonzi suo kunyika. Uye waiva anorichengeta iri anokonzera kupinda muparadhiso.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti chairo munhare mambo haana chete rechiuto Zvivako, asiwo muguta mutsa Apartments, Pharmacies, muzvitoro.

Matanho okutanga kurutivi nokurota mutongi

Pamusoro Implementation kuronga rakashanda Emperor akakoka kubva kunze kwenyika pose mukurumbira mainjiniya uye ezvivako. Asi basa rokuvaka vakatakura varanda, iro "vakakokwa" kubva munyika.

Apo mambo akavaka guta hope, aitambura Russia. St. Petersburg akanga akaronga seizvi European, uye kuvakwa kwayo aifanira vakawanda namabwe. Naizvozvo, panguva basa Neva mutongi wakarambidzwa kuvaka dzimba ichi zvinhu kumwewo. Uyezve, mumwe mushandi aifanira kuuya navo kwete chete maturusi asiwo mbishi zvinhu. Navose akasvika chinhu, kuti mitero. Chirongwa akakwezva kwete chete varanda, asi varwi (panguva yakasununguka kubva hondo), vasungwa uye kunyange mujeri.

Chokwadi uye nhema

Interesting chokuita St. Petersburg anogona kuudza nyaya. Saka, mabhuku akawanda anoratidza kuti kushanda zvinhu zvakanga anotyisa, vakabhadharwa zvishoma uye akatonga kwoutsinye utongi. Zvechokwadi, mambo akaramba vaaitonga ari chibhakera chake. Kuvakwa vanhuwo zvavo vakauya simba. Mhuri vaya vakapukunyuka vakaendeswa kujeri uye haana asunungurwa kusvikira vashandi kudzoka.

Asi mari ivo vanobhadharwa uye chakaita kuti 1 Ruble (avhareji muhoro panguva) vaishanda matatu chete (kwapera maviri) mwedzi, uye ipapo aigona kuenda kumba. Pane ruzivo pamusoro tsaona: maererano nokufungidzira siyana, nhamba yacho pakati 1 uye 5%, kureva, kufungisisa zera, ndizvo chaizvo pasi.

akarovererwa fashoni

Driving St. Petersburg maererano nzvimbo kuvaka panguva iyoyo yakanga zvakabatana chaizvo nepagungwa tsika. mabhizimisi All dzinovakwa rinenge riri pamhenderekedzo. Constant mafashamo uye zvikuru okunze hazvirevi zvinokwezva vanhu. Asi kubva 1712, guta akazivisa guru. Pausiku namachinda vakatamira pano, dare uye rekupinda. Zvinonzi zvakare akagadzirisa uye yamambo.

Achida kurarama muguta raiva zvishoma yomusango. To mukuru kumwero vanhu kusvika panguva chero paangodira pakati pamambo. Muna 1725, paiva nevanhu vanenge zvuru 25-30 muSt Petersburg, apo sere nguva yakawanda muMoscow. Zvino imba St. Petersburg kugarwa nevanhu vanhuwo zvavo uye vashandi, avo vaiita pakuvaka zvivako zvitsva.

Asi pashure Peter afa, muna 1725, kukura yamira. Capital zvakare nzvimbo muMoscow. Guta riri Neva River akanga dongo. Local haana, sezvo vakawanda vakanga vanhuwo zvavo vakanga kumusha. Akaenda kune yaimbova nzvimbo dzokugara uye intelligentsia. Izvi kunosimbiswa ndechokuti yokutanga mira kumakuva rakaumbwa chete muna 1738.

guta madzimambo

Imba St. Petersburg chakaparadzwa. Akawedzera matambudziko maviri moto uye wegore mafashamo. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mapurani anokosha, izvo nhasi akadada guta, ipapo haana. Petro Kumikidzo uto divi. Zvivako vaiva dzakavakirirwa zvakanaka uye akagadzirira kurwisa muvengi.

Akajekerwa muvandudzi mukuru akaramba mambokadzi Anna Ivanovna. By chirevo 1737 akasika komiti ane chinangwa - kudzorera budiriro muguta urongwa. Anozarura gumi nevaviri zvikoro. Papera hunozoita kuti ndechokuti guta rava muzinda tsika.

Interesting chokuita St. Petersburg uye vakabatana chambotaurwa nezvacho Petro Paul Fortress. View, iyo rinoyemurwa vashanyi nhasi - basa harisi mambo wokutanga uye mwanasikana wake Elizabeth. Kuti iye akaita muvigire mapurani chinoshamisa chivako ichi muchiuto.

Ndikaisa yakawanda nesimba uye Catherine II. Kutaura zvazviri, aiva iye uyo akavaka kuchamhembe guru. Nemhaka yake, paiva imwe yakakurumbira zvivezwa - Bronze mutasvi. Zita iri mufananidzo akapa nyanduri A. S. Pushkin. Kutaura zvazviri, chivezwa unokandirwa dzendarira.

corrector nyaya

The guta, izvo akasiya Petro, akanga murombo uye nyore. Chinhu bedzi Catherine II akatora chirongwa chokutanga - a St. Petersburg redunhu. Murume akavaka yematanda neyevhu mumatumba zvakajeka pamusoro mutsetse yaiva kujairika uye isinganzwisisiki kuna ipapo vanhu.

Nhamba dzinoratidza kuti chete imwe imba ibwe yakavakwa mumakore upenyu mambo mugore. Asi Empress kubva wepurovhinzi muguta basa ounyanzvi. Kuti akasika hwakawanda zvinoratidza zvichipomerwa ari Peter Mukuru. Panguva yake yokutonga yakanga yakavakwa yakanakisisa nhare uye ndikasimamo akasvibirira nemapindu St. Petersburg. Kura zvitubu zvepakadzika embankments.

ngano zhinji munyika kwakatangwa Pushkin. Kuburikidza mabasa ake vazhinji akadzidza City.

Hazvina kugumira kukura uye panguva kuchinja hurumende. vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni maviri Kunyange asati Hondo Yenyika II mumusha waiva. Vagari kuchamhembe guru aenda kuburikidza nokumukirana matatu.

Ushingi uye simba haana kuchinja navo panguva Great Patriotic War. Kukombwa Leningrad akaratidza kuti St. Petersburg boka - patriots chaiye wenyika yavo.

munyika rekodhi mapedhi

Nhasi guta rine kupa zvakawanda zvinonakidza nokuti kunyange nokupambarwa vashanyi. It rinoburitsa kwete chete dzoushe, dzimba uye mapindu St. Petersburg. Vaenzi vauya mumhepo, izvo akapfuma munzvimbo idzi. Second Venice (atumidzwa guru iri) - rimwe zvikuru maguta uchidanana munyika.

Pane chokwadi chokuti yaimbova Leningrad akabata rekodhi nhamba mabhiriji pamusoro mita. Kutaura zvazviri, pasinei nokuti 10% yendima inogarwa mvura, mashoko uyu - kubiridzira. The ushasha ndohwaJehovha Hamburg, Germany, umo vari kuverenga 2300. Muna St. Petersburg, kubudikidza yakasiyana kuverengwa mugadziriro, avo kupfuura 1,000.

Maererano nenhamba, centre ichi anoshanyira pagore mamiriyoni 2 vashanyi. Mumwe nomumwe wavo inokurukura sokukudzwa kufamba uye kuona St. Petersburg usiku. Kunyanya nevakawanda panguva ino zuva munguva kubva mukupera May mid-July. Zvino merges pamwe manheru uye mangwanani guta achinyatsotaurira muchiedza chena.

naka chadenga

vakadzidza uye tsika pakati akanaka kwete inodziya mwedzi. Kunyanya yechando yakanaka St. Petersburg. Russian anogara kunyanya noushamwari mwaka uyu. Kuchitonhora uye chando pachinenge vanhu vakanzwisisa sechipo zvakasikwa. Kare, kana mamiriro okunze yaitsviriridza simba kunyanya pabasa mumigwagwa ine bonfire kuti Vanopfuura aigona anodziya. Nhasi guta anofadzwa noushamwari cafes uye maresitorendi apo unogona kunakidzwa zvetsika dhizeti guta - donuts.

Interesting chokuita St. Petersburg inogona nemhepo nokusingaperi. nzvimbo iyi dzemitambo, mamiziyamu, unyanzvi uye chakazonaka mhepo.