Simba rekushandisa makombiyuta: zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, maitiro, mitemo yokusarudza

Kutenga kombiyuta kune vanhu vari kure nekombijiji kunonyanya kushandiswa kune pfungwa "kadhi yevhidhiyo", "processor" uye "RAM". Zvisinei, pane chimwe chikonzero simba rekuyeukwa rinoyeukwa pakupedzisira. Uye kana zvasvika kune izvi, mumatambudziko mazhinji, vateresi-vanoedza kuedza kuchengetedza pairi sezvinokwanisa, kuisa mune zvimwe zvikamu zvePC.

"Ingongova bhokisi rinopa simba. Kunyange zvazvo vamwe vachaburuka, chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechokuti, ngachive yakasimba zvikuru uye inodhura! "- nzira yacho yakajairika uye, pachena, inokanganisa. Zvinosuruvarisa, izvi zvinowanikwa pachena apo kombiyuta inotendeuka. Akanaka kana ikatanga. Izvo zvikomborero kana basa iri richava rakasimba uye pasina kukanganisa kamwe kamwe. Uye ichava chikomborero chikuru kana simba risingakwanisi rekushandisa iro risingagone kupera mumwedzi mishomanana inotevera, pasina "kukwevera" izvo zvasara izvo zvaakapa nesimba.

Asi chaizvoizvo izvozvo zvinogona kuvimbisa chete hukuru hwemasimba emagetsi emakombiyuta, kuyerwa kwevakagadziri avo vanochengetedza nechivimbo pane zvigaro zvakakodzera. Nokudaro, kusarudza kwakakodzera kwechigadzirwa chinonyatsoshanda mari imwe neimwe yekukosha kwayo kunoramba kuri mutengi chete, uyo, zvechokwadi, anofanirwa kuyeuka zvinhu zvinokosha zveBP uye anonzwisisa kuti ndeupi wevarimi vakakodzera kuvimbwa.

Simba yepasi rose

Iyi ndiyo piramu inoshandiswa iyo vashandi vanofarira pakutanga. Paunosarudza, vazhinji vanowanzorasikirwa mumatt rates, izvo zvinopa kombiyuta yose nesimba. Kushaikwa kwesimba kunokonzerwa nekushanda kusingagadziki kwemichina (kusvika pakukwanisika kwekuitanga iyo). Ukuwo, ruzivo rwakawedzerwa rwechikwata chekugovera simba ruchaita kuti zvigone kuitika mubhajheti, iyo inogona kudziviswa.

Simba rekushandisa kwekombiyuta munyaya imwe neimwe inofanira kuverengwa pane imwe neimwe, zvichibva pachigadziro chekupedzisira chezvikamu. Usakanganwa kuti PSU panguva imwe chete inofanira kunge iine chikamu chiduku chemasimba muhuwandu hwe20-25% yezvinyorwa zvinogona kushandisa simba. Nokuda kweizvi kuverenga mumutambo kune zvizhinji zvezvikwanisi zvinokonzera. Iyo yakanyanya kunyatso (uye naizvozvo inowanikwa kuvanhu) chisarudzo ndicho Cooler Master Power Supply Calculator. Inopa vashandi nemhando mbiri dzebasa:

• Nheyo - imwe nzira inobvumira chero munhu mutsva munyaya yekombiyuta hardware kuverenga simba rinodiwa re PSU, zvichiratidza chete maitiro ePC.
• Nyanzvi - nzira yevashandi vepamusoro uye vashandi vanofarira makombiyuta. Zvinokubvumira kuti uite maverengero uchifunga nezvezvinhu zviduku zvese uye zvisinganzwisisiki zvehurongwa.

Mukuwedzera kune simba rose, zvakakosha kubhadhara kune ikozvino inokwanisa kutumira mutsara weVV 12V. Ndiyo nzira huru yemagetsi kushandiswa mumakombiyuta. Somuenzaniso, simba rekushandisa AeroCool KCAS 600W ye 12V rinobereka zvishomanana kudarika chiyero chayo-540 watts. Chimwe chinhu chiri nani pane kambani Nyarara! Pasi pezita rinonzi Power Zone 650W ikozvino inokwanisa 648 watts pamutsara mumwe chete. Ichi ichi chiratidzo chinopfuura chekare uye chakakosha icho chinowanzokosha mari.

Ndiyo iyi parameter inofanira kunge yakavakirwa pane zvaunosarudza. Mushure mezvose, ndiani asingazoodzwa mwoyo apo kadhi revhidhiyo, rakaverengwa nokuda kwechimwe chinhu chinokonzera pazera re 12V, rinopera zvakakwana, kana rakabatanidzwa kune simba, rakaderera? Zvechokwadi, basa risina kunyatsogadziridzwa re chipikiti chipikicha chiri chinhu chakanakisisa chaunogona kutarisira mumamiriro akadaro.

The coefficient of useful flow

Mhando ipi zvayo inogona kushandiswa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana: pane imwe nzvimbo inoitwa nemaitiro akawanda ekufungidzira, uye pane imwe nzvimbo yakawanda kudarika kunotungamirira kune mari yakawedzerwa. Chinenge chinhu chimwe chete nechimwe simba-simba rimwechete rinogona kukwaniswa nemhando dzakasiyana dzehutano. Kubudirira kwepamusoro kunobata kushanda kwose kwechigadzirwa chakazara:

• Rational energy use. Simba risina mari rekushandisa makombiyuta, kuyerwa kwevakugadziri vanogara vachivigwa pasi pemusika, nguva dzose vanotadza kushanda zvakanaka. Kugamuchira magetsi kubva gridhi, PS inodzinga imwe chikamu chayo nenzira yekupisa, kupa huwandu huwandu kubva pane izvo zvaive zvambowanikwa. Zvinhu zvakaderera zvinorasikirwa nenzira iyi chikamu chikuru chegetsi.
• Nokuda kwekupararira kuduku, kupisa kwe PSU pachako kunoderedzawo. Izvi zvinokubvumira kuti uchengetedze kushanda kwakanyarara kwekugadzirisa kwayo.
• Kutsika kwemadiki kunowedzera hupenyu hwekupa simba.

Kubudirira kwepamusoro chiratidzo chekushandiswa kwemagetsi kwemagetsi, ayo mumwe nomumwe wedu aripa mari. Nokuda kwehutano hwakanaka hwehutano, unhu hunokosha hwechigadziro chinodikanwa.

Dhigiriro rekugonesa kwemasimba emagetsi rinotsanangurwa nemhando imwechete yepasi rose ye80 PLUS. Iyo yakakamurwa muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana:

• Bronze - 81-85%.
• Sirivha - 85-89%.
• Ndarama - 88-92.
• Platinum - 91-94%.
• Titanium - 94-96%.

Muzvizhinji, zvigadzirwa zvemakombiyuta nehuwandu hwesimbi zvichienderana nehuwandu hwematengo zvichave zvakakwanira kubheji nechokugadziriswa kwepamusoro che 80 PLUS Bronze. Nokuda kwesimba rakanyanya uye, maererano nezvo, zvinokumbira zvikamu, nzira yakanakisisa ichava yeSirivha-Gold. Vatariri vekugadziriswa kwepamusoro vanokurudzirwa kuti vatarise kuPlatinum kana Titanium, kana kudiwa kwehuwandu hwemagetsi ehurongwa hwakaoma.

Dzivisa kusarudza iyo mienzaniso iyo, panzvimbo yehudziro hwepamutemo, edza kutora kutarisa nedzimwe dheta (somuenzaniso, 85 PLUS, "zvinyatsoenderana 80 PLUS Gold", nezvimwewo). Chigadzirwa chinokwanisa kupa zvikwereti zvakatendeseka zvinoda kupupurira chechimwe chezvishanu. Uye avo vasingakwanisi kuita basa sekutsanangurwa nemuiti, vachagara vachienda mumusika nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekutengesa mazano nekuda kwevatengi 'wallets.

Stability course

Mukuwedzera kune 12V yakambotaurwa, mimwe miviri miviri inofanirwa kugadzira kombiyuta: 3.3V uye 5V. Kuisa simba rose rinodiwa pavari rinenge hafu yebasa. Zvakakosha kuichengeta mukati memiganhu inobvumirwa munguva yose yekushanda. Izvi zvinogona kunyatsoenderana nehutano hwekuzadzwa kwemukati kwesimba.

Maererano nehutano hwepasi rose EPS 2.91, zvibvumirano zvinokwanisika zvekutsvaga ndezvi:

Line	Minimum	Norm	Maximum
+ 3.3V	+3.14	+3.30	+3.47
+ 5V	+4.75	+5.00	+5.25
-12V	-10.80	-12.00	-13.20

Kune mitsara ye33V ne5V, +/- 5% yezvinyorwa zvinogamuchirwa. Kune 12V, tsika dzakakwirira zvishoma dzinobvumirwa - +/- 10%.

Simba rinopa nezvinhu zvisingabatsiri zvakakosha hazvikwanise kuratidza mhinduro yakakodzera pane EPS 2.91. Uye izvi zvakananga zvakananga kushanda kwePC zvachose. Kukanganisa pasi pemubvumo unobvumidzwa we 5-10% zvechokwadi kunotungamirira kukundikana kwekugadzikana uye kushandiswa kwemazuva ano. Kunyanya kana purogiramu kana kadhi yemavhidhiyo iri pasi pemutoro wakaremara, somuenzaniso, mumitambo kana mapurisa ezvidzidzo.

Kuwedzera kwemhepo kubva pachiyero chakanaka kunosanganisira kupisa kwechigadziro chechigadziro chavo pachavo uye vatendeji pabhokisi reamai, kuwedzera kwezvikwata. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvirongwa zvisingatauriki zvevashandi zvinowedzera zvakakwana, izvo zvichaita kuti vasave nekukurumidza.

Basa rinokosha rinotaridzwa nemuenzaniso wakadaro sehuwandu hwehuwandu hwekuwedzera. Muzvikwata zvinowanzoita 200-240V. Asi mumusika unewo zvingasarudzwa zve 100-240V. Iyo yekupedzisira inofanira kupiwa zvakasarudzwa - chiratidzo chakakura chakareba chinogonesa kusimba kwechigadziro chezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana mumagetsi emagetsi.

Kudonha kana kukura mauto emhepo hakuzotungamiri kune simba rakadaro kusimba munharaunda isina kukodzera. Izvo, zvakare, haisi inshuwarisi kuitira zvimwe zviri nyore, zvinodhura.

Mumwe nomumwe anoshandisa zvakakurudzirwa kutarisa chero ipi inofadza yeBP muongororo uye miedzo inowanikwa pachena. Zvinokurudzirwa kutsvaga ruzivo kubva pane zvinyorwa 2-3, kufunga nezvemhinduro dzevatengi, kana pane. Izvi zvichazoita mufananidzo wose uye zvichakubvumira kuti uite chisarudzo chakanaka - ndicho chisarudzo chakasarudzwa chekupa mari yako kana kwete.

Maitiro ekushanda

Ndizvo chaizvo, kana pane simba rakakwana rehurongwa nemuganhu. Izvo zvakanakisisa kana magetsi pamiromo yose isingapfuuri mitemo inobvumirwa. Asi kana zvasvika pakuparidzirwa kwemagetsi zvakananga kubva pachigadziro kusvika kune zvikamu, dombo rekona yenzira yose ndeyopineti yemagetsi emagetsi (kana kungoita zvigadzirwa zvematafura zvichaita kuti mamwe mapeji ePC ave nesimba).

Pamusoro pezvinyorwa zvakasiyana nemhando mbiri. Yokutanga iEATX 24pin, inotarisirwa kugadziriswa kwemasimba kwebhodibhodhi. Yechipiri ndeye 12V, iyo inokonzera kugadzira purogiramu. Pamabhodhoro emajini akawanda, inongogadzirisa 4pin-version inodiwa. Zvisinei, mamiriro ekutsigirwa kwepamusoro anowanikwa nekuwedzerwa kwesimba, izvo zvinoshandiswa 8pin vari (kana 4 + 4pin) zvatogadzirwa.

Mumagadziro akazara ane tambo dzepakini chero pinout yekombiyuta simba rekushandisa inosanganisirawo zvimwezve:

• PCI-E.
• SATA.
• Fan Connectors.
• Molex.

Nhamba yavo inogona kusiyanisa zvichienderana nemuenzaniso chaiyo we PSU. Iva nechokwadi chekutarisa kuti chigadzirwa chacho chine nguva yakakwana uye nhamba inofanirwa yedare yekombiyuta inenge yakarongerwa. Mune ramangwana, izvi zvichakuponesa kubva nekutsvaga kutsvaga zvinyorwa zvinowedzera uye adapters.

Pakupedzisira, zvakakosha kubhadhara kuvapo kwezvirongwa zvitanhatu zvekudzivirirwa kwePSU kubva mumamiriro ezvinhu epanguva yakaoma:

• OCP (Over Current Protection) - kudzivirirwa kwepamusoro.
• OVP (Over Voltage Protection) - kudzivirirwa pakurwisa.
• UVP (Under Voltage Protection) - kudzivirirwa pakusagadzikana.
• SCP (Short Circuit Protection) - kuchengetedzwa kwemukati pfupi.
• OTP (Pamusoro Pokudzivirira Kwekuchengetedza) - kudzivirirwa pakupisa.
• OPP (Over Power Protection) - kuwandisa kuchengetedzwa.

Zvishomanana zvidziviriro zvirongwa - njodzi yakawanda yekuona simba rine simba risina kurongeka kana pane simba majeure.

Ko zvakadini kunyaradzwa kushandiswa?

Zvinonzwisisika, kana kuungana pedyo usapindira nemamwe mahwindo uye mashizha. Zviri nyore kugadzirisa uye zviri nani kabling zvinogona kugoverwa ne modular block types, kureva, iyo inenge yakakosha kuti isimbise zvinhu zvisingatauri.

Inokurudzirwa kusarudza zvishoma iyo mienzaniso iyo yakagadziridzwa ne-120-mm inotonhora. Zvisinei, pane zvingasarudzwa uye zvizhinji izvo zvichaita kuti chirwere chinotonhorera chiwedzere kukosha. Hazvikuvadzi kuwana kune webhusaiti yemuiti wehutori rudzi rwekushandisa runoshandiswa. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti usapfurikidza kutengesa mabheti - ndiyo inogara yakasimba uye inotanga kuita ruzha rwakasiyana mushure meimwe nguva yekushanda. Iyo yakakodzera acoustic solution ichava "kugadzirisa kunzwisisika" kwekukurumidza kwevhiri, iyo inobvumira kuti irege kuifukidza zvachose kusvikira imwe nzvimbo yekupisa inosvika.

Pakupedzisira, iyo fomu yechisimba chinosarudzwa chinofanira kukodzera imba iyo ichave iri. Kuwanda kwekutengesa kwevatengi kunosikwa pasi peAXX format.

Chimiro cheGerman kubva Nyarara

Iko kambani inotanga kuve iripo yakagara ichirarama nemimwe mitemo. Zvinhu zvisingabhadhari zvigadzirwa zvemakombiyuta, avo vanogadziridza vakazvinyora mberi, hachisi chinhu chinongofungidzira kana chimwe chekunyengera. Izvi zvinonyatsoratidza zvose zvishandiso zveGermany premium brand Nyarara, iyo yakakunda mizhinji yezvikomborero nekufarirwa mumusika. Chimwe nechimwe chezvigadzirwa zvemasimba avo chakagadzirirwa nemhando dzose dzekudzivirirwa, kushanda kunonzi nguva dzose kunopupurirwa muchokwadi muongororo dzakawanda, uye kunyarara kwezvibereko zvinoshamisira vatengi gore negore.

Kunyanya, shanduro yepamusoro yekambani yePc Games Hardware (Germany) yechitanhatu yepfumbamwe mumutsara mubhadharo nechinzvimbo chekuremekedza che "Producer of the Year" muchikamu chemasimba emagetsi. Zvinyanya kuzivikanwa mumitambo yepamba, nzvimbo yeCallluxx inopawo maGermany zita rakadaro regore rechina. Mukuwedzera, iwe unogona kugara uchiziva kufanirwa kwevanhu vatatu uye maedzo anosimbisa hutano, kuvimbika uye kushanda kwakadzikama kwezvinhu zvekambani iyi.

SeaSonic - nzvimbo yakasimba pamusika nehutano hwakasimba

Icho chiri kukwikwidzana zvakananga kuGermany brand nokuda kwezvinhu zvakanakisisa zvezvigadzirwa, chete kubva kuTaiwan, ine nzvimbo dzakawanda dzenharaunda muEurope, USA, Japan uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika. Yakagadzirwa nevanjiniya makore makumi mana apfuura, kambani iyi yakatanga kuonekwa chete kuti ipe kune nyika yakakwirira yepamusoro-tech solutions iyo ichanzwisiswa nevanhu vakawanda.

Zvigadzirwa zveBlackSonic zvakakamurwa kuva mutsva mazhinji, imwe neimwe inogona kupa zvikamu zvakasiyana zvezviitiko kune chero bhajeti. Taiwanese haibatsiri zvigadzirwa zviduku kana. Uye rumbidzo dzakawanda mumhinduro dzakawanda kubva mumabhuku akasiyana-siyana zvinotsigira kuti hazvisi pasina.

Simba reMasimba DeepCool - chidzidzo chekubudirira kubudirira kwebato rebhajenti

China - iyi haisi nguva dzose unhu hunonyangadza hwezvigadzirwa zvezvinhu zvinowanikwa mumabhizimusi. Inyanzvi dzinobva kuChina dzinokunda zvivimbiso munzvimbo dzakakwirira mumusika wepasi kwete nekuda kwehuwandu, asi nekuda kwehutano hwezvigadzirwa zvakapiwa. Panguva imwechete iyo vanoita kuti varege kutora mutengo wematengo kwezita rimwe chete rezita.

Chimiro chemazuva ano chakajeka ikambani DeepCool, iyo inopa simba rinodhura rekushandisa kwemakombiyuta pamutengo wekuda kupiwa kune philistine. Kubvira pakuvakirwa kwayo muna 1996, maChinese akapiwa ruzhinji rwekuparidzira mumagazini. Zvinyorwa zvakakurumbira zveTom's Hardware, 3D news, Techpowerup haisi nguva yokutanga kupa kambani yepamusoro maikirwo nemakambani anokodzera.

Pamwechete, DeepCool inomiririra mitsara yakawanda ye PSUs, imwe neimwe ine maitiro akasiyana emagetsi, simba rekudzivirira, maitiro ekuchengetedza. Mari yacho inoramba iri pane imwe nzvimbo inopfurikidza kupfuura yevadzidzi.

Ndeupi mumwe anoonekwa mukati memutengo wepakati?

musika The ano chaizvoizvo akapfuma zvakasiyana-siyana simba zvokushandisa makombiyuta. Rating pamusoro vaburitsi panguva hakusi chete nguva dzose. Uye kukosha nounyanzvi yokutengesa mitemo kwete chete. The inokosha ndechokuti nguva dzose risanyatsobuda, uyewo yaro affordability nokuda zvayo nevanhu. Kana usina mari yakakwana kuita pamusoro-kuguma chidimbu, unogona nguva dzose kuwana rakanaka nzira pakati mutengo siyana.

To huru mugove mudzimba bhajeti PC iri vakapakata Zalman simba nerubatsiro - mumwe undisputed favorite pakati zvavo. South Korean muchiso mumakore 17 ayo kuvapo kwakaita vakakwanisa kukura munyika-kirasi dzesangano, kufukidza yakawanda IT-bhora. Gaming keyboard, negonzo, akanyarara muviri, akanyarara kutonhora hurongwa - ndiko zvishomanana mazita chii wekambani anozivikanwa pasi rose. Makore ose ayo basa ose Zalman simba nerubatsiro - ichi ndechimwe rokutanga vaida kugadzwa ari bhajeti uchitamba mutambo hurongwa. Tinogona kutaura nechivimbo kuti ichi aizviti mamiriro South Korean zvigadzirwa zvave pachena kwete nokuda chete mumwe zvokushambadzira kambani.

Achitaura pamusoro zvinogumbura FSP Group simba nemushonga, iva nechokwadi nokuongorora mari yekutenga vomureza yepamusoro hama kuti avhareji ukoshi. Taiwanese mugadziri anogona kufadza hombe musanganiswa pamusoro series, paiva nzvimbo se "Platinum" zvisarudzo pamusoro, uye ndicho bhajeti "ndarira". FSP - wechishanu kupfuura simba romugove mugadziri munyika. zvigadzirwa zvayo vanoongwa kwete chete uchitamba mutambo madenderedzwa, asiwo vamwe vanozivikanwa mavanga. Saka, chekambani zvinogadzirisa vanoshandisa chete Zalman, Thermaltake, Antec.

Kazhinji, kuti aponese vanozvishandisa kusarudza chero zvakachipa chikwata AeroCool zvokudya vanozvikoshesa apo kuvimba yokuisvonaka uye rakaisvonaka pamwero maitiro. Zvechokwadi, izvi kambani iri inonakidza chigadzirwa kuti mari shoma. Asi chete kana yasvika KCAS pamusoro dzakatevedzana. VP uye VX ndivo kupfuura ngozi chero kombiyuta, uko kunoratidzwa zvakananga dzavo pasi mutengo chipepa.

Not anoratidza zvakaipa pachayo pamusoro pamusika, kambani Thermaltake. Power zvokushandisa, izvo akaongororazve rose wezvamatongerwe zvakanaka pfungwa, kanenge mutengo kunyatsofungwa. Kushandisa yavo pakukura vanokwanisa vamwe makambani, Thermaltake vaudzewo makwikwi wayo pamisika pamwe vakawanda mibayiro. mugove vose zvibereko ichi kambani cheshumba ndorwevaya dzinodhura Hi-End kirasi. Asi izvi hazvirevi kuti hazvina kupa zvinonakidza nzira kuti zvimwe mwero mari (kunyanya dzakatevedzana Smart DPS G uye TR2).