Shmidt Otto Yulevich: Biography, zvakawanikwa, mapikicha

Shmidt Otto Yulevich - chinoshamisa mutsvakurudzi of North, Soviet nyanzvi uye yemasvomhu yokutungamirira uye nomukurumbira, Hero of Soviet Union, kwasvika kuzivikanwa pose zvekutepfenyura sayenzi.

Pakutanga kunzwisisa uye dzinonakidza nzira

ndiani Otto Yulevich Shmidt uye mupiro sayenzi Soviet akaita murume uyu? Akaberekwa aizokunda kuchamhembe munyika 30 September 1891 mu Belarus (muguta Mogilev). Kuda ruzivo uye chaizvo kuziva Otto akaratidza kubva pauduku. Yairamba ichifambira mhuri yake kubva panzvimbo nenzvimbo yakaita kuti kakawanda kuchinja zvikoro (Mogilev, Odessa, Kiev). Muna 1909, Shmidt Otto Yulevich, ane Biography ndiwo muenzaniso kwokuzvitsaurira wakajeka, akapedza kudzidza ane menduru yegoridhe kubva dzekare jimunasiyamu muKiev, ipapo Physics uye Mathematics mano Moscow University. Sezvo mudzidzi Otto akanga paakavapa mubayiro nokuda kwemasvomhu basa. Panoperera kupfungwa muna 1913, unyanzvi jaya akasiyiwa kugadzirira kuti professorship. Rinokosha basa masvomhu yaiva monograph "The husingaoneki dzidziso mapoka", rakabudiswa muna 1916.

Schmidt kwakaita penya basa

Career Otto Yulevicha - aizobudirira wapurofesa - iri kukurumidza ichifamba kumusoro. With unyanzvi musangano, uye vaishingaira mubasa zvemagariro mabasa, jaya akaratidza munzvimbo dzakawanda muupenyu. Akanga avimbiswa pakupa Grocery uye aishanda Muushumiri of dikidiki Government zvokudya, ipapo mukuru Office zvokutsinhanisa mishonga, mune zvakafanana kutsvakurudzwa mitemo anobuda kwacho.

Sezvo 20s Shmidt Otto Yulevich akadzidzisa masvomhu nedzidzo yepamusorosoro, uye muna 1929 rinotungamirirwa weDhipatimendi nemasvomhu of Moscow University. Most zvinobudirira kwakaratidzwa pasango dzidzo: kuronga dzidzo rwenyanzvi pachikoro-vezera vechidiki, akasika zvekushandisa kuzvikoro, inopa dzidzo zvavanobata mafekitari zvinomera, iye kudzorwa dzakanga yedzidzo. Yaiva Otto Yulevich Shmidt (Makore oupenyu - 1891-1956) akaumba mashoko okuti nevakawanda shoko "akapedza kudzidza mudzidzi".

Kunoshanda Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Short Biography Otto Shmidta kunakidza kunyange jaya chizvarwa, inomira pakutanga upenyu uye nzira, uye kuchinja zvichida kukuru. Vachitungamirirwa yake, yakanga yakaumbwa chihombe rokubudisa imba, ane chinangwa hakusi wezvokutengeserana, uye dzidzo netsika uye enyika. Zvibereko tanetseka chaizvo uye nesimba Otto Yulevicha - The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, muvambi uye mukuru mupepeti iro akanga. In kwegadziriro multivolume shanduro vakanga aibatanidza zvaiitwa tsika dzakawanda manhamba uye masayendisiti pamwe kufarira kudiwa yeGutsaruzhinji kushanduka. Zvidzidzo kuramba chakakonzera kuti vawedzere kufarira nezvinetso nhoroondo sayenzi uye rwokuzvarwa nesayenzi. Hurukuro nzvimbo idzi, uyewo mamwe mishumo nyaya dzakasiyana Schmidt kazhinji pamberi navanopinda vateereri.

Otto Yulevich Shmidt: rwendo

Kubva pauduku hwake Schmidt vakatambura kubva tibhii, yokurodza pamakore gumi. Muna 1924, musayendisiti Soviet akapiwa mukana kuvandudza utano hwavo muAustria. Ikoko Otto kudzidza kupfuura kukwira makomo chikoro. Kuva nenguva musoro Soviet-German rwendo, muna 1928, akadzidza Pamir mazitombo echando. Anotevera makore gumi kubva 1928 yakatsaurirwa kuna kudzidza uye kukura kweArctic.

Muna 1929, musi aizi "Sedov" yakaumbwa Arctic rwendo vakabudirira asvika Franz Josef Land. The Bay Silent Schmidt akasika Polar Geophysical Observatory akaongorora nyika uye pakamanikana ari pazvitsuwa. Muna 1930, panguva yechipiri rwendo dzakafukunurwa zvitsuwa akafanana Isachenko, Wiese, Long, Voronin Home. Muna 1932, ngarava inopwanya aizi "Siberians" kokutanga vakaita wekushandisa Canal kubva Arkhangelsk iri nePacific Ocean. Musoro rwendo rakanga Shmidt Otto Yulevich.

Kubudirira rwendo

Kubudirira rwendo chine feasibility yezviri pakukura kweArctic zvinangwa zvoupfumi. For hunoshanda Implementation chirongwa rakarongwa neDare General Directorate of kuNorthern Sea Route, mukuru waiva Shmidt Otto Yulevich. Chinangwa tsika ndiyo kukura kunzwisisa nzira, ayo zvekushandisa midziyo, kudzidzwa polar chicherwa zvinhu, sangano nzwisisika tsvakurudzo. Mhenderekedzo vapenyu kuvakwa okunze dzemapurisa chakapiwa chihombe wedzera kusvika chando shipbuilding, redhiyo uye polar avhiyesheni.

ruponeso Chelyuskinites

Kuedza mukana kukunaya ngarava Arctic Ocean muna 1933 kubva "Sibiryakova" akatumirwa steamer "Chelyuskin" rinotungamirirwa Otto Yulevichem uye V. I. Voroninym. The rwendo akanga akapindwa nevanhu vakasiyana ounyanzvi hwokugadzira, kusanganisira vavezi, nechinangwa nokuti pakuvaka dzimba winterers. On Wrangel Island aifanira kumahombekombe chando boka nemhuri. The rwendo yakapera zvinoshamisa: nokuda nemhepo yakasimba uye dzenzvimbo "Chelyuskin" akasagona kubuda kupinda Pacific Ocean. Mudziyo yakapwanyika chando, zvichiguma kunyura kwemaawa maviri. vanhu 104 nezano iri ice floe, dzakamanikidzwa kupedza mwedzi miviri vari polar yechando, kusvikira vakanga vanunurwa ndege. Vezvikepe, uyo akapotsera kubva ice floe Chelyuskinites, vakava Heroes Soviet Union. Mumazuva achangopfuura kuchamhembe ezvinhu utsinye Schmidt akarwara nemabayo uye akachinjirwa Alaska. Mushonga, muRussia akadzokera kunyika yakakurumbira hunhu. Mishumo mberi kwesayenzi uye hwemangwana okukura kweArctic expanses mutsvakurudzi North Otto Yulevich Shmidt akazviratidza Russia uye kunze. Gamba of Soviet Union yakanga paakavapa Schmidt muna 1937; musayendisiti panguva, akarongeka pakundopambara kuna North Pole, chinangwa waiva kusika munhu vanotsauka chiteshi ikoko.

Cosmogonic pfungwa Schmidt

Pakati pezana remakore 40s Schmidt akaisa mberi chitsva cosmogonic pfungwa pamusoro pakuonekwa Earth uye dzomuchadenga zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri. Masayendisiti anodavira kuti mitumbi izvi zvakanga kumbobvira kupisa magasi miviri uye kuumbwa zvakaoma, inoramba inotonhora kwenyaya. Kukura shanduro iri Shmidt Otto Yulevich akapfuurira kusvikira pakuguma kwoupenyu, pamwe chete neboka remasayendisiti Soviet.

Schmidt chirwere

Panguva Great Patriotic War, Shmidt Otto Yulevich, ane Biography muenzaniso mutungamiriri wechokwadi, akatungamirira kubvisa kwacho uye wechi mabasa zvedzidzo masangano ari mamiriro ezvinhu matsva kuti nyika. Kubva wechando muna 1943, tiibhii akanga mberi, kukanganisa muviri wose. Otto Yulevichu vanachiremba nenguva wairambidzwa kutaura; chinowanzoonekwa kurapwa munzvimbo dzinochengeterwa vakwegura, uye vari pamakore okupedzisira oupenyu hwake anenge akangorara. Asi chero nguva kuvandudza mamiriro ake, akashanda zvakaoma, uye kunyange zvokuita muna Leningrad uye Moscow. Otto akafa September 7, 1956 panguva dacha yake masing, pedyo Zvenigorod.

Shmidt Otto Yulevich: Interesting Facts

Life Otto Yulevicha Shmidta anopenyerwa unopinza majana: kubva masvomhu, iye ikava yokutungamirira. Next, akatakurirwa pakusikwa enisaikoropidhiya, uye ipapo akava mufambi-piyona. Zvimwe zviitiko muupenyu uyu mukuru kwakaitika nechido chake, imwe - sezvineiwo. Otto Yulevich Shmidt, uyo pfupi Biography Chizvarwa ano muenzaniso mukuru, kwagara vaishanda zvizere simba, pamwechete kunonyanyisa kushanda, tisingabvumiri pachake isipi zororo. Vakabatsira erudition ichi, nesimba kuziva, kuzviranga basa, imwe pfungwa dzakajeka pamafungiro, kugona kutaura mashoko anokosha pamusoro mukuru nezvekwakatorwa multi-tasking, gutsaruzhinji mu hwevanhu uye mano pamwe nevamwe.

Pane imwe nguva, chirwere rokurega kure vanhu ava raifara, witty conversationalist, murume irrepressible rokusika simba, wajaira tsika pachena basa. Otto Yulevich Shmidt, mumwe Biography pfupi iyo vafarire chizvarwa chevechiduku, usaora mwoyo, zviri yakawanda yokuverenga achiri. Kuziva pamusoro ake nokukurumidza kwaitika, akasiya upenyu nokuchenjera uye norukudzo. Otto Yurevich akavigwa Novodevichy kumakuva. Ndangariro murume uyu ane musoro immortalized iri bhuku remabasa vakasarudzwa, kupa zita rayo headland pamhenderekedzo yeGungwa chukchi, Peninsula, Novaya Zemlya chitsuwa muGungwa Kara, kuti vanopfuura, mumwe nenhongonya muMakomo Pamir, uyewo Institute of Physics the Earth.