The womunhu: zano. Ndezvipi sayenzi kudzidza muviri womunhu?

Chii mukati muviri kubva mukati, vanofarira vanhu zvikuru vekare. Kunyange apo dzinokosha mitemo iyo vanhu vakararama, vaiva muchechi, vairambidzwa kudzidza maumbirwo muviri, vaiva vasayendisiti uye zvakasikwa, uyo pasinei zvose dissected nezvitunha zvemhuka uye vanhu uye mubasa nehanya uye kudzidza vaifarira zvose zvikamu zviri.

Hazvaikwanisa kukundwa iyi nzvimbo chido zivo. Saka, nokufamba kwenguva, asi wakawanikwa, sei womunhu. The wedunhu muenzaniso mumwe nhengo maitiro uye yanyorwa vemifananidzo, testers, vanachiremba, masayendisiti, nemhaka yokuva vakawanda sayenzi iripo nhasi.

Kukura ruzivo nemamiriro muviri womunhu

Muzana V remakore BC ari craton aiva murume ainzi Alkemon. Ndiye wokutanga akaratidza chido chokudzidza womukati maumbirwo zvipenyu, saka nokupatsanura mhuka akafa. Kubudirira kwake chikuru - kubvuma ichi pamusoro poukama pfungwa uye uropi.

Gare gare, kubvira munenge 460 BC, anotanga kuwedzera zvikuru nemaune uye nyanyisa nezivo munharaunda iyi. A mupiro zvikuru kunzwisisa chii womunhu muviri (namano ayo mamiriro, pasi kwakaita nzvimbo yacho yose zvomukati yave chinorondedzerwa), akaita masayendisiti zvinotevera:

1. Hippocrates.
2. Aristotle.
3. Plato.
4. Gerofil.
5. Klavdiy Galen.
6. Avicenna.
7. Leonardo da Vinci.
8. Andreas Vezaly.
9. Uilyam Garvey.
10. Casparo Azelli.

Nemhaka vanhu ava ndokukweverwazve kumusoro mukuru Zano nemamiriro womunhu muviri. Pane ruzivo pamusoro dzichipfekeka features, hurongwa, nhengo, nyama yavo kukosha, uyewo zvimwe zvinhu zvinokosha zvikuru.

XVII remakore ose sayenzi aiva nguva kurega kunotanga, hazvina akaponesa uye nzvimbo runoonekwa nesu. Asi gare gare womunhu dhayagiramu (Figure unogona kuona pazasi) hunakidze, yakanatswa uye kushandurwa nemhaka vakawanda matongo. A Nzira itsva unobvumira kudzidza microstructure kwakaita sesimbi kuzviita kushandiswa experimental nzira pakuongorora, kuenzanisa. The Mupiro chinokosha chinoitwa:

• Charles Darwin;
• Schleiden uye Schwann;
• Descartes;
• Lomonosov;
• Protasov;
• Shymlanskaya;
• makeke;
• Lesgaft;
• Mukhin;
• Carl Baer;
• Wolff;
• Pander;
• Chikamu;
• vomunondo;
• Pavlov nevamwe.

Saka, akanga akadzidza zvakadzama ne muviri, zano raiva kwakakwana uye kunoratidza zvose nhengo uye hurongwa. Nhasi, mudzidzi wose anogona kunzi sezvo kwakaita nzvimbo yacho, uye rondedzero yakatodzama nechimwe chikamu muviri kuongorora mashandiro anoitwa uye zvemukati marongerwo.

The vakawanda Zano "murume - mhenyu muviri"

Kana isu nezvazvo zano rakadaro, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa, chii chaizvo zvirimo. Chekutanga, tinogona kumiririrwa mu embodiments siyana. Vamwe vanodhirowa izvi uye chati maingova Kurondedzera chemashoko, kupatsanura pakati dzomukati hurongwa kwevanhu zvinoratidza ukama hwavo uye mabasa. Vamwe Zvisinei, dzisina chero rondedzero, asi kungoti aratidze topographical nzvimbo iri nhengo mumuviri, kuratidza kwavo yakawiriranwa wezwi, zvinonyatsorehwa nemamiriro urongwa. Pano akanyorwa nenyere enyika. Kana iwe sangana vaviri zvokusarudza, zano rakadaro uchakomborerwawo yainetsa zvakaoma kunzwisisa. Chechipiri mhando rinoshandiswa kakawanda.

Saka, zano iri "Man - chipenyu muviri" rinosanganisira mufananidzo zvinotevera nhengo dzomuviri hurongwa (kana akapa ane zvizere shanduro muviri wose):

1. Zvemwoyo uye limfoobrazovatelnaya. Pane mufananidzo miviri airatidza zvakadzama uye makwara evanhu.
2. The zvomudumbu hurongwa.
3. Zvetsandanyama nemapfupa, kana zvetsandanyama nemapfupa.
4. Pamuviri.
5. Excretory (Urinary havanzi kubatanidzwa dzokubereka uye excretory zvomukati wegadziriro).
6. Huta uye kwemakemikari anobudiswa enyika.
7. Kutsinga dzinouya, kana pfungwa uye maonero.

Saka, zano iri rinonyatsotsanangura ruzivo nemamiriro nomuviri womunhu uye nzvimbo nhengo dzayo. Uyewo, vazhinji siyana matafura nenhamba, diagrams, umo zvinoratidzwa hwakadzama microstructure chero nhengo. Rinotsanangura zvose zvaidiwa mamiriro, kushanda uye nzvimbo.

Kana sangana vanodhirowa zvose izvi, iwe tora bhuku rose. mabhuku akadai vanonzi "zvipenyu dzevanhu pamahwandefa nemachati" uye kazhinji hureruke zvikuru upenyu nokuda kwevadzidzi, vadzidzi nevadzidzisi. Zvechokwadi, muna pfupi dzavo, muchidimbu uye zvakajeka hunotaurwa zvose zvinokosha zvinodiwa kuti zvayo kunzwisisa maumbirwo vanhu.

node inotungamirwa hurongwa

A rinokosha kuramba hutano hwevanhu muviri zvirwere dambe. Asi chii? Zvakaratidza kuti ichi ndicho node hurongwa, ndicho chinokosha mukwanisi zvemwoyo nhengo. In ayo mamiriro - masero, iyo vanonzi "masero." Ivo kuridza basa mudziviriri zvipenyu Muviri kubva nemavhairasi uye utachiona, inoramba vavatorwa vose vatorwa.

The nhengo dzinobudisa hurongwa munhu, iro chinopiwa pazasi zano ane nhamba pezvivako kuti zvinoita kumusoro:

1. Hunde dzacho ducts.
2. Capillaries.
3. Midziyo.
4. Node nodes.

Pamwe chete vanoumba nomumbure asina kuvharwa, sezvo vaipikisa kuti zvemwoyo. Uyewo munyika ino hapana chakagadzirwa kudzora muviri. Nhengo dzinobudisa mvura (node) iri dongo inogadzirwa intercellular dzezvimwe, izvo pasi kufurirwa nyoro kunoita kuburikidza midziyo uye nodes, capillaries hunde dzacho.

Munguva kurwara, zvakadai somunhu chando, vose vanogona kuona kuzvimba node nodes yacho muviri. Vari chiri pasi rapazasi shaya, ari muhapwa, groin nharaunda. Palpate navo nyore zvakakwana. Izvi zvinopupurira chokwadi chokuti hakuna hondo huru pamwe chirwere. Saka, mukuru chipingamupinyi zvirwere - nhengo dzinobudisa hurongwa wacho. Scheme zvinoratidza sei ose STRUCTURAL nhengo dziri uye sei vari interconnected.

alimentary maitiro

Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha mumuviri. Mushure zvose, tinoonga basa rake munhu anogamuchira zvinokurisa kuti kukura, budiriro, simba pamusoro pezvakaitwa upenyu. Pasina zvinovaka muviri zvisingabviri kutama, kukura, funga uye zvichingodaro. Tapedza muitiro kunoda simba, ndiko zvemakemikari zvisungo mamorekuru zvinovaka.

The zano rinoratidza zvomudumbu vanhu hurongwa, nhengo iyo pemambure aumbwa.

1. Dzaiita zvokutaurwa mhango, kusanganisira mazino, rurimi, mukanwa uye mukati padama tsandanyama.
2. The pharynx uye yegurokuro.
3. Dumbu.
4. Zvomudumbu mumasero secreting zvakavanzika kugaya zvokudya.
5. Ura, chine zvikamu anoverengeka anoti: duodenum, diki ura uye muura.

kweropa maitiro

Rinomirira mbiri wokufambisa, zvinosanganisira huru muviri - mwoyo - uye kuripa kwazviri arteries, nemidziyo, capillaries. The zvachose ropa Vhoriyamu mukuru iri vanenge 5 litres. Zvisinei, nhamba zvinosiyana zvichienderana uremu muviri.

Heart - musimboti simba, akakwanisa kubata rhythmically, kumanikidza ropa mukati mugero pane imwe kumanikidzwa. Inoitwa makamuri mana, kunyatsotevera interconnected.

The huta yevanhu hurongwa

Chimwe chezvinhu zvakaoma. Inoitwa:

• pfungwa;
• musana;
• masero etsinga;
• munyama.

Zvinenge chidimbu womunhu muviri wose ndivo masero etsinga. Vakaona mikana yakawanda yokukurudzira, fambisa marwadzo, achinyevera nezvengozi. Chimiro chavo rakanyatsojeka chaiyo. Brain uye musana zvinosanganisira zvinoverengeka zvikamu, chimwe nechimwe anoita kumbonyatsoongorora kudzora anoita chimwe chikamu muviri.

kutsinga dzinouya maitiro

Avo vari vashanu:

1. Kutarisana Analyzer.
2. Kunzwa.
3. Skin uye tsandanyama wanda.
4. Olfactory nhengo.
5. Munuhwi Analyzer.

Vose pamwe chete uye anoumba muviri womunhu. The dhayagiramu rinoratidza sechivako zvimwe zvikamu Switch gadziriro aumbwa, ine zvinhu marongerwo uye chii mashandiro anoteererwa.

The excretory maitiro wemunhu

Mamiriro ezvinhu zvinoumbwa zvinotevera mitumbi:

• itsvo;
• dundira;
• ureters.

Chimwe zita ino - excretory. The chikuru basa - kubviswa metabolic zvigadzirwa, batsirai muviri chepfu tsvina.

Science achidzidza muviri womunhu

Avo vari wandei makuru. Kunyange zvazvo nhamba yavo yakawedzera yekudyidzana tichienzanisa Somuenzaniso, kubvira XVIII remakore. Izvi sayenzi akadai:

• anatomi;
• physiology;
• utano;
• genetics;
• mushonga;
• zvepfungwa.

Physiology ari kufunga nhau chokuita nokushanda kwenhengo imwe hurongwa. Ndizvo basa rake kupindura mubvunzo: "? Sei kuti zvinoitika" Somuenzaniso, ndiko kurangwa ichi pamusoro zvigadziriswe kurara uye takamuka shanduko, vakadzidza zvaiva rokumusoro huta basa.

Dzinza rako uye utano hwevanhu

Dzinza rako rave kudzidza nzira dzenhaka mamwe features, uyewo zvinokonzera uye migumisiro zvachinja chromosomal kwevanhu midziyo. Nesayenzi ichi, vanhu vakadzidza kufungidzira zvakakomba nemagene abnormalities ari mudumbu, kudzora iyi uye, kana zvichiita, kupindira kuchinja mararamiro.

Kugeza unobatsira kupindura mubvunzo: "Nei utsanana uye sei kuzadzisa utano" kudzidza ichi chinotaura mitemo vaine kuchena mumuviri, nezvekukosha nedanho masoja zvigadziriswe kuti vari zvakananga novimba indekisi rucheno, pachiyero utachiona uye utachiona. chirango Izvi mudiki, asi hapana kumboderera pane munhu zvake.

Psychology uye Medicine

Psychology - kwakatooma zvikuru uye kusimba nesayenzi kuti chinopinda ari kuziva uye yakakwirira kutya kunoita munhu. Rakagadzirirwa kutsanangura inokosha zvigadziriswe pakati psychosomatic vanhu mano. Pane imwe nhamba wepfungwa zvikamu kuti kubata zvose evanhu chokuita vanhu (zvepfungwa mhuri ukama, zera, experimental, uye zvichingodaro).

Health - sayenzi rinokosha kuti anobata utano hwevanhu. Sezvingatarisirwa, zvakanamirwa hwakada bordered nomwoyo mumwe anoranga: physiology, anatomi, genetics, utsanana uye zvepfungwa.

Basic Medicine yakatanga nevanhu. Nokuti, zvinosuruvarisa vanhu vari nguva dzose kurwara. Dzimwe nguva dzose, pedyo navo vaiva utachiona uye nemavhairasi, nenhaka (kuvabereki) zvirwere nezvimwe zvirwere. Naizvozvo, kudzidza ichi - chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha panyaya kuchengetedza upenyu uye utano.

Kune zvikamu zvakawanda, shangu mushonga umwe: pokuvhiyiwa, oncology, hematology, vanachiremba, dermatology, kunotevera, uye vamwe. Vose vari zvikuru kushandiswa dzakananga nyaya, vane nzira kudzidza dambudziko uye kuagadzirisa yavo.

Kazhinji, vose sayenzi kudzidza muviri ndivo chete isangano. Pamusoro pazvo, kunovabatanidza nechinangwa chimwe - kuongorora, ongorora, tsanangura zvose nhengo dzomuviri, kudzidza kudzora ose nhengo uye musero rose romuviri.

Anatomy sezvo huru nesayenzi

Chokwadi, pakutanga, kare vakaumba sayenzi murume wayo marongerwo - ndiwo anatomi. Zviri Vongai kukura ichi kuranga vanhu vakaziva kuti chii masangano ari mumuviri womunhu, ivo dziri ikoko (kwakaita nzvimbo yacho) hwakarongwa uye nhungamiro pamusoro iyo yakavakirwa basa ravo.

Above isu vaiona zvikuru nhoroondo kwawakabva kukura ruzivo kwevanhu. Ndiyo anatomi rematanho okukura. vanhu avo, vane mazita vakadanwa, - vakatanga uye dzamadzibaba ichi chikuru uye chinokosha chirango.

The basa yakaitwa kwagara mumwe nguva dzose - kudzidza womukati marongerwo uye kwokunze morphological maitiro zvomukati zvose uye hurongwa, uyewo micheka. Pasina nechiGiriki anatome - "akacheka".