Sezvo pakutanga kunzi guta guru Great Britain? Zita rokutanga London uye nyaya kwayakatangira

Kudeuka muguta Great Britain uye European Union - London - rakaumbwa yokutanga yezana 1st remakore AD. Ane nhoroondo refu, ndiko kunakidza mu kusanganisira kunzwisisa kwemasayendisiti kuitika Europe ano. Somuenzaniso, vashoma vanoziva sei kuti pakutanga rainzi guta guru UK, uye sei vanhu vakawanda vaigara imomo mugore 400, uyewo vagari vayo.

Foundation muguta

Sezvo rekare ngano, mumusha macho iri nhasi nzvimbo UK guru pakutanga rainzi Troia Nova. The chete tsika anomuti muvambi wedzinza Eniasi - Brutus kuna Troy, uyo akararama mumakore 1100th pamberi munhambo yedu. Zvisinei, vaongorori vanodavira shanduro iyi zvachose groundless. Saka, sezvo nheyo London yainzi nguva 43-fung gore munguva yedu, uye havaoni - vaRoma vakanga vavamba chitsuwa pasi murayiro Mambo Kraudhiyo. Pakutanga, zvakanga zvikuru musha muduku, ndokwenguva nzvimbo 0,8 sq. ? km uye zvakaenzana mundima ano Hyde Park, uye kusvikira pakutanga 2nd remakore, Yakakura ikava guru rweRoma Britannia. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti vakawanda vanogaramo vaiva vatama kubva siyana dzenyika kuEurope.

Sezvo pakutanga rainzi guru Britain

Wokutanga uyo akatanga kusora kwakabva shoko "London", aiva mufundisi kuzivikanwa pamusoro Galfrid Monmutsky, uyo akararama muzana remakore rechi12. Mubhuku rake rinonzi "The History dzamadzimambo Britain", iye akabatanidza pamwe nezita kunozivikanwa mutongi Luda. Zvisinei, vaya vanoda kudzidza pakutanga kuzivikanwa guru Britain, ndiko tinyatsoziva humboo vakawana nemasayendisiti kubva UK muna 1998, gore. Saka, kutanga kugarwa pamusoro nzvimbo London ano aimbonzi Londinium uye shoko Ungangove anowana kubva drevnekeltskogo shoko "Plowonida", iine midzi maviri Indo-European "plew" uye "Nejd", iro rinoshandurudza se "nokuda", "kukwasva" kana "swimming" uye "chokubuda." Saka shoko kuna 1st remakore BC, kuti vaCelt vekare kuti kunan'anura chidimbu kubva Thames, rakamiswa pamusoro muromo zambuko pazasi Westminster. Mumutauro wavo riri kutanga kuva "Lundonjon", uye ipapo akava Welsh "Lundein", kubva iyo akakwereta kubva kuvaRoma uye akatanga kutaura sezvo Londinium. Panewo imwe tsananguro. Zvikurukuru, vamwe vaongorori vanodavira kuti zita rinobva muchiLatin kwakabva shoko "Lond", zvichireva kuti "mhuka nzvimbo."

History of Londinium

Makore 18 pashure pakuvambwa guta vakarwisa uto Queen of Iceni Boudilli, uyo akatungamirira kupandukira Anti-Roman pakafa murume wake. Mubati British Gay Svetony Paulinus, tichiziva kuti havazofaniri nguva yokugadzirira azvidzivirire, vakasarudza kurega. Somugumisiro, Londinium akanga kupiswa pasi uye vagari akaurayiwa. Zvisinei, zita London rokutanga harisati rapera kubva mepu hweRoma, sezvo guta rakanga vainzi pakazopera makore 100 kare raiva guta guru UK. Uyezve, vagari vemo yakasvika 60 zviuru vanhu, izvo zvinoita kuti panguva imwe kumbonyanya guru kugarwa muUmambo hweRoma, izvo yakavakwa chechi, voruzhinji dzokugezera, dzimba dzemitambo uye nhare, uye akaisa boka revarwi guta. makore 100 gare gare, Britain yakakamurwa dzikava dzakaderera uye yokumusoro. Guta guru yokupedzisira uye akava Londinium.

Nyamavhuvhu

Zvisinei, Londinium akanga asiri oga zita rekare London. Chokwadi kuti 4th remakore, vaRoma zita muna August. Saka kupindura mubvunzo sezvo pakutanga rainzi guta guru UK, uye vanofanira kuratidza zita. Zvisinei, nokukurumidza pashure kuti vaRoma dzakamanikidzwa kusiya nzvimbo iyi. Ndokusaka uyu zvachose weRoma zita haana kuramba, uye nyanzvi kare chete kuziva ivepo.

London muna 5th remakore

Sezvo chikazozikamwa, yeRoma payakatora kuBritish Isles dzakaguma muna 410th gore. Saka, kana chikamu chokutanga mubvunzo sezvo pachakatanga kunzi guta guru UK, uye sei vanhu vakawanda vaigara imomo mugore 400, zviri nyore kupindura, ipapo wechipiri, pane zvimwe zvinetso. Pashure pemakore matatu pamberi Picts uye Scots vakasvika masvingo Londinium, asi vakanga adzosa, uye mumakore mana guta rine neRegiyoni mumwe chete vakarinda. Saka, vaRoma vakawanda vakapfuma, nehama pamusoro yakaoma, akatanga kuisiya, izvo zvakaita kuti akurumidze kuderera mune vemo. guta dongo vakatanga kugadzirisa vamiririri dzedzinza Zvisinei, Brito, uye havana kuda vakamunyengetedza, uye kuguma 5th remakore Londinium chose chinhu.

Chii chaiva zita London kwokutanga (apo Anglo-Saxons)

Ndima iri pamusoro pamahombekombe Thames, asingagoni refu kuramba zvingazununguka. Hazvishamisi kuti apera 400th makore enguva yedu idzi akauya Anglo-Saxons. Havana kugara Londinium, uye akavaka guta idzva. Izvi zvakaitika makore 600th, uye mhinduro yechokwadi kumubvunzo: "sei pakutanga rainzi guta guru British munguva Anglo-Saxons", achaita Lyundenvik. Atova rechi8 remakore rakava guru rezvokutengeserana uye chiteshi, apo ngarava vanosvika vachibva kunyika dzakasiyana. Panzira, mumunda wemitauro nyanzvi dzinoti "vik" guta iri rokuti suffix ane zvaanoreva. Chokwadi ndechokuti Old Chirungu zvinoreva "musika guta". Chimwe zita - Lyundenburg - akazviratidza muna 886th gore apo Alfred Veliky vakaita kwaakaita pavakasiya Londinium, akadzorera masvingo Roman, akavaka itsva uye wakashandurwa kuva nhare. zvivako kwakadaro mumutauro-Saxon anonzi "Burj", uye saka zita idzva rakanga iine suffix. Lyundenburg, izvo dzatora nharaunda yanhasi Harare, nokukurumidza akava guta guru iri nharaunda, uye pakupedzisira Lyundenvik pedyo ikava duku kugarwa anozivikanwa nhasi sezvo Aldwych.

Zvino munoziva kuti pakutanga rainzi guta guru UK, uye vanhu vangani vaigara ikoko pakutanga emakore pashure ayo pakuvambwa kwenyika. Saka unogona kutonga chii hofori achikwakuka yakaitwa muLondon kwemakore 2000 apfuura, ayo kubva uto nhare duku, ava rimwe remaguta makuru panyika.