Romashkinskoye munda: tsananguro, nhoroondo, unhu uye zvinhu

Romashkinskoye mafuta munda imwe gumi supergiant pamusoro dzakawanda kupatsanura. In dzichiri nzira inoshandiswa mafuta , masayendisiti Russian vakaita dzinoverengeka zvakawanwa ndakasika yakasiyana nedzimwe michina inoshandiswa munyika pakuchera uye chicherwa kudziongorora. Munda wakashanda makore anopfuura makumi matanhatu, asi kwadzo kuchiri hombe uye haina zvizere.

Panovhurwa Tatar mafuta

Mune maviri remakore rapfuura chete pakunamata kwehurumende yeSoviet rokutanga vakatanga wechiTatar mafuta kudziongorora. Yokutanga rwendo waifamba pautumwa kuwana munda, havana kubudirira, asi muna 1930, tinosvika kuna kuferefeta kwazova kwawakananga uye vachida. A kuedza idzva chokuita mauto akavhiyiwa uye kutyisidzirwa nepfari neGermany North deposits.

The vakatsvakwa kuripo, zvakaitika mafuta ubanguranyika yakatanga chete muna 1941. Makore matatu gare gare, muna Shugurovo nzvimbo mumusha, pamwe chete kuchera yetsime akakwanisa nokuyerera mafuta maindasitiri pamwero - matani 15 pazuva. Munda akawana zita rayo kubva mumusha pedyo iyo yakatanga zvakanaka. Shugurovskoe munda, aiva pokutangira munhoroondo yacho wechiTatar mafuta uye akabika kushamisa guru kuti vawana.

Giant pedo Romashkino

Romashkinskoye munda mafuta rakaonekwa muna 1946. Aripiko hofori akaita Tatarstan chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha maindasitiri nharaunda? makiromita makumi maviri kubva Shugurovskogo oilfield, pedyo nomusha Romashkino (zvino pano ndiyo guta Leninogorsk). Ungwaru zvinangwa yakarongwa zvakanaka, iyo pashure pemakore maviri kuchera nemigumisiro kuti kumbenge zvose. Panguva kuongorora basa akakwanisa kupfuura Devonian inotungamirwa, uye musi waJuly 25 kubva Houses to Rent scored debit tsime mafuta matani anopfuura 120 kugadzirwa pazuva.

Kuvhura Romashkinskoye munda vakauya oilmen Stalin Prize. Ongororo hunotevedzana dzakaratidza zvingakwanisa oiri kuti Shugurovskoe munda rutivi Romashkinskoye uye zviwanikwa dzigare mairi Murongerwo ndiyo multilayer. To mafuta commercial pamwero akatanga ari 50s.

Somugumisiro Papera, Vanodzidza vakawana imwe yenzvimbo zvisinganzwisisiki deposits. Initial Zvinofungidzirwa deposits vanofungidzirwa kuva mamiriyoni 710 matani mafuta, pari kugadzirwa yakasvika matani mabhiriyoni matatu. Nyanzvi dzinoti munhu pulsating mamiriro matsime, izvo nguva nenguva ndokudururira uye akazadzwa zvakare, kutsanangura Fani iyi saka kure hapana anogona.

zvinoitwa

Vapedza hombe-pamwero kudzidza zvinogona mafuta inobereka strata, masayendisiti pedyo kunzwisisa sei yakatanga uye chii zvinogona anochengetedza Romashkinskoye munda. Description tectonic zviratidzi akarirondedzera kuna Soksko-Sheshminskomu mugodhi. Geological uchimutarira Vhoriyamu mafuta wakaenzana matani mabhiriyoni mashanu, uye mumwe musoro nhamba Reserve mumatanda uye zvikaramba mbishi zvinhu zviri matani mabhiriyoni matatu. Kusimba panguva iyo akaita ano design, kwete kupfuura 1.8 makiromita. Dimensions vari anofungidzirwa uye takatsunga mukati 65 X 75? Km. The kutanga zuva vhoriyamu neimwe tsime matani anenge mazana maviri.

Romashkinskoye mafuta munda nhasi kunosanganisira vanozivikanwa oiri anenge mazana maviri. The arambe achirema kuti oiri ichakasangana nezvimwewo ndizvo 0,8 g / cm³ - 0.82 g / cm³, sezvamakaropafadzwa kuvapo sarufa yenhengo dzayo anenge 2%. Kukura munda kunge akatanga uye nzira vnutrikonturnogo mukomberedzo mafashamo zvino kushandiswa munyika tsika ezvimbambaira mafuta. Nhongonya kugadzirwa dzesango mafuta ndiro guta Almetyevsk.

Features

Romashkinskoye multilayer mafuta munda pasi kukura kwakamutsa vazhinji zvakagadzirwa, zvakawanikwa uye kwesayenzi Kubudirira. In chikuru Russian mafuta munda reservoirs, sliced, vakaronga anenge yakatambarara, kugoverana ichi "pai" pasi permeability ivhu matombo. Stratification iri pamutemo, uye ine guru dhipoziti nemafuta shale uye pasi mvura permeability.

The kambani "Tatneft" zvino hwokushandisa. Romashkinskoye munda. Development anokosha kuoma womukati ngura kuti mapaipi, iyo inotungamirira Nokurasikirwa kukuru simbi, nzira yokubudisa mapaipi okutanga kuvhiyiwa. Nyaya iyi vemo Mahydrocarbon zvinoda kuramba zvichiongororwa zvokushandisa, anodhura pakugadzira mafuta kuungana gadziriro uye kuupenyu zvikuru kusvibiswa. Somuenzaniso, kuongorora zviratidzo kukundikana mafuta mazambiringa enyika makambani NGDU Irkenneft ya1999 inoratidza kuti 27% yezvikanganiso zvose nechokuita pezviri ngura.

Romashkinskoye mafuta munda ine chimwe: gandiwa waterflooding rinoitwa kwete chete nemvura asi chaizvo zvinodiwa. Kuzadza rakarumbidza kushandiswa mvura murwiyo ine mafuta uye 20 MG / L, simbi uye 2 MG / L uye yakaturikwa nezvishoma anenge 16 MG / L, uye kukura ekupedzisira vanofanira haapfuuri kukura vanenge 10 microns.

Current mamiriro

Pari, Republic of Tatarstan dzakafukurwa anopfuura zana deposits pamusoro Mahydrocarbon, Romashkinskoye mafuta munda ichiri chikuru. Munguva yose Tatarstan mafuta akanga pumped mabhiriyoni 3 matani, nhamba Romashkinskoye dzokubudisa rukova Kazhinji anopfuura 70%. Kubva pakadzika munda yasarudzwa anopfuura mabhiriyoni 2,2 matani, izvo zvinoreva kugadzirwa reserves 85%.

Maererano nevakawanda munguva yemberi iri pedyo, dzinoti muna 2065, vakanyorwa pakuenzanisa mumatanda Romashkinskoye vaRafa chichaitwa zvakazara mined. Panguva ino Danho iri kurongwa zvakare ubanguranyika kuti zvicherwa nezviwanikwa, okusuma michina mitsva kuti achatambanudza kurimwa kuti 2200. Maererano achangopfuura tsvakurudzo masayendisiti mumunda mafuta kunoramba zvokudya kubva pakadzika, asi nekuti kugadzirwa nguva chinoshanda.

mafungiro

Nature, sezvinoita genie kubva rungano - ruoko rimwe unoitisa, vamwe zvinoparadza. It kunoitika kwete chete masikirwo mafuta akaturikidzana, asi avo kuparadza kuti tipedzisire paumbwe mafuta inorema uye bhitumini. mafuta Light Paleozoic simuka kumusoro uye oxidized, zvichiguma vakachinja "tai" kuti anoramba rezasi akaturikidzana mafuta. Masayendisiti anodavira kuti ezvinhu akafanana muminda dzakawanda mafuta Tatarstan, kwete dzakakudzingai Romashkinskoye munda. Kana chido vaRafa? On nyaya iyi chakarongwa mhinduro chingava chinotevera muna 2026, asi kufungisisa ichangobva tsvakurudzo - mune emakore mashoma.

budiriro kambani

"Tatneft" boka kuti kwemakumi emakore, ndiye Romashkinskoye munda chete yokuvaka. About 60% of zvachose kugadzirwa chendarama dema munhoroondo Kambani nokuda Romashkinskoye NM, vakasara kugadzirwa kunoitika panguva Novo-Elkhovskoye, Bondyuzhanskom, Sabanchinskoye, Bavly, Pervomaisky minda.

The kambani anoteerera zvikuru kukura uye okusuma nzira itsva mugodhi uye mafuta ubanguranyika, itsva ruzivo vari kuedzwa, wakapedzeredzwa hurongwa uye michina. Muna 2006, rimwe rezinesi kukudziridza mumunda Romashkinskoye PJSC "Tatneft" yakapiwa kusvikira 2038.

kwezvakatipoteredza chinhu

Anosarudza mafuta kubva Romashkinskoye munda sezvo mamwe zvinofurira zviri zvizivikanwe nemichina ezvinhu munharaunda. The kumwezve kukura, dzakanga mukana kwepasi. Maererano achicherechedza makore, pakava-gore manomwe zvizivikanwe nemichina zviitiko kukura munharaunda. Uyewo zvakatipoteredza vari kwakakanganisa muitiro choutsi pematanho basa chero mafuta indasitiri yakaoma. Inokuvadza uye zvine chepfu mumhepo, ivhu, anosvibisa mvura.

Company PJSC "Tatneft" anoita zvose zvaanogona kuti kuchengetedza ikoroji kuti dzichiri Romashkinskoye munda. History anoziva njodzi dzakawanda dzakachinja pakuenzanisa zvakasikwa, uye nekuti basa Russian anotsvaka kurerutsa nemigumisiro.

Brief ruzivo pamusoro kambani

Muna 1950, USSR Council of Vashumiri vakasika Production uye Technical Association "Tatneft". The itsva mamiriro yakazaruka kwemajoini wemari kambani, kambani akagamuchira muna 1994.

Shareholders vari vanenge 45.746 mabhizimisi uye vanhu. Remasangano kwavari:

• JSC "National Settlement panodonedzerwa" (anopfuura 47% of mugove).
• JSC "Central panodonedzerwa Republic of Tatarstan" (anenge 33.6% of mugove).
• OAO Lukoil Neseas Holding Ltd. acm, mumwe chikamu wekambani "Lukoil" (anenge 7,3% of mugove).
• Ao Feisen Bank International (kumativi 6% of mugove).

CEO - Maganov Nail Ulfatovich, sachigaro of Board Directors - Minnihanov Rustam Nurgilievich.