Ibrahim Hannibal: Biography, dzinonakidza facts, mapikicha

Chokwadi chokuti chevaux Peter ndakanga mudare, "Negro", vose anoziva. Zvakanyorwa mumabhuku mabhuku, iyo inoti kuti mukuru Pushkin ari akatsiva zvemarudzi akanga pamutsetse ake. Mukuwedzera, mudetembi immortalized zita tateguru rayo zvinoshamisa kunyora yokufungidzira, yaiti "Arap Petra Guru." zita rake rainzi Ibrahim Hannibal.

Biography

Kana muna 1697 kwakanga rechigumi nemapfumbamwe mwanakomana, hapana kumbofungidzira mumhuri muchinda murumwe, chii agadzirira zvinoshamisa zvichaitika kwaari upenyu. Somwana, mukomana akatumirwa kuConstantinople, kusvikira muchivanze Turkish Sultan somunhu mubatwa akavimbika kurudzi rwake. Pane Russian uto injiniya ramangwana Hannibal Abramu Petrovich aiva mushandi ari seraglio. The kare funga zvikuru anobata shanduro. Kunyange zvazvo mamwe chaiyo kwakabva "Negro" Petro, rinozivikanwa Ibrahim Hannibal, achiri nharo uye venhau uye ethnographers. Kunyange munyori Vladimir Nabokov akanga achitarisira musha guru-sekuru Pushkin wechokwadi. Ndiye akataura kuti Gannibal Abhuramu Petrovich, vane pfupi Biography - chiri ngano yakaitwa naye, nemasanga kwakaitwa Russia chinzvimbo uye chinzvimbo munzanga. Zvaakanga asvika imwe nzvimbo paruvanze, "Negro" yakagadzirwa pachake chakanaka mhuri muti. Kunyange zvazvo, Ibrahim Hannibal aiva rakajairika uye rootless mukomana uyo wakati vakaba muCameroon, Vaiita zvekutenga nekutengesa vakauya kuna Turkey, apo yakanga akatengesera Sultan ari seraglio.

Russia - musha yechipiri

Maererano neimwe shanduro, inguva Mambo Peter, uyo akanga chaizvo kwazvo zvemarudzi ose curiosities, akasarudza nekuzadzisa muunganidzwa nzira yepakutanga chaizvo. Panguva iyoyo, Europe kuti fashoni yakapiwa zvizere kune "mukomana dema". Beautiful Black mukomana akapfeka neufumi dzakarukwa zvokupfeka, anenge ose bhora kana mutambo vanokudzwa uye kunyange madzimambo akanga achishumira kwamachinda. Ndokusaka Petro vakatsva zvokuita naye uye vakawana "arapchonka". Basa iri ndiro muchivanze akaisa pamusoro Russian nhume yakasungwa Constantinople. Iye akareva Links zvose kosi kuti raiva Turkish mudare. Uye atenga kubudikidza Ibrahim Hannibal, ane Biography hwachinja kubvira ipapo.

Kutamira kune Russian dare

Saka akatanga imwe rwendo kakomana dema vari kure uye kuchitonhora kukurova nyika mugari St. Petersburg. Petru Skitalets aifarira kunyanya ake yainakidza pfungwa, mambo akarumbidza kukurumidza kurova ake, uye "tsika sayenzi siyana." A zvishoma akura, Ibrahim Hannibal akatanga kutamba kwete chete basa muranda Russian mambo valet, asi kunyange munyori wake. Kusvikira 1716 Arap, nguva dzose kuva namambo Zvishoma nezvishoma ake kufarira, uye iyi pasinei nokuti Russian dare paiva nevamwe varanda dema zhinji.

upenyu hutsva

Ndosaka Ndakanzwa Peter Mukuru. Akanga akachenjera zvinenge zvose, kunyange kuonekwa eccentricities. Pavakaona mu "dema mukomana" uchenjeri uye nesimba guru, mambo akasarudza kutumira dzavo yakura munyori muParis, saka iye akadzidza sayenzi rechiuto. Panguva iyoyo Europe, varayirwa Peter akatungamirira yakawanda boyars, kana vana voumambo - "greenhorns" uyo asingadi kudzidza chinhu, kazhinji kuwedzera "nounyoro" kana makaro zvimwe kwete mubasa mhiri kwemakungwa munyika. Ibrahim Hannibal uyewo akatumwa Europe naPetro sokunge ari chisekeso izvi vanokudzwa loafers. Mambo akada kuratidza kwavari kuti basa rakaoma uye nesimba muna sayenzi, kunyange kubva tyisa ichi African vachakwanisa kuita murume akadzidza - a yokutungamirira.

Petro akanga asina kururama, vaduku "arapchonok" akasangana zvomurayiro muchinjikwa. Kubva zvino, zita rake raiva Gannibal Abhuramu Petrovich. Akaberekwa Ava godson yaKesari mune magwaro ose anozivikanwa conventionally - 1697. Patronymic "Petrovich" waakawana nokuda Peter I, uyo pachake akabhabhatidzwa iye. Panguva Russian Court "arapchonok" nokuzvitorera kutenda kwechiKristu, aiva zita yemubhaibheri - Abhurahamu, zita akasiya Hannibal mukukudza Kumukundi yevaRoma uye akakurumbira Carthaginian wavarwi. In izvi zvose, vanyori venhau ndaona imwe Peter uchenjeri; mambo aida vaduku kufarira zvinhu ake zvinhu zvikuru.

kudzidza

From Russia Gannibal Abhuramu Petrovich, ane Biography kubva ikozvino hwachinja, ndakaenda aine tsamba kubva Peter I pachake kuna Duke of Menou. The yokupedzisira aiva hama Louis XV uye akarayira yose youmambo atirari. In godson ake Emperor zvakanaka. Young murume zvakaoma akadzidza masvomhu uye engineering, vakadzidza ballistics uye nhare. Akapedza kudzidza kunodzidziswa zvechiuto ari chinzvimbo atirari mukuru. "Practice" chakaitirwa munzvimbo Spanish hondo, apo akaratidza ushingi uye kukuvara.

Early basa

Kutungamirirwa pakudzidza chaiwo yokuti Russian chamber aida kuona dzinovaraidza. Peter akabvunza dzinovaraidza yake shure kuRussia, asi Ibrahim Hannibal, kamwe kamwe, "chavasina" muParis. City rudo uye kunyaradza zvikuru akavakwezva muruoko pemambure. Uyezve, munhu akanaka dema akanaka "akaita maziso" akaroora imwe countess vakwegura. Iye Kwainyengera Ibrahim, akarwa chamupupuri dzorudo, izvo zvakashamisa zvikuru zvakawanda Parisian nyika. Uyezve, nyaya akapotsa wakaguma wokupomera. The countess, akava nemimba, akabereka. Uye, sezvo kuti zviitike, zvakanga akaberekwa ... mwana dema. Chigumbuso ainyarara kumusoro, kunyange yakaoma. Husband varipo - the girafu kuti vasina chifungidziro hurumende mukadzi, panguva yokuberekwa akatumirwa kure, uye pachinzvimbo mutema kuisa chena mbereko, vakatengwa vachibva vamwe mumhuri yevarombo. Izvi chete mbudzana akapa "mumaoko akanaka" pamusoro dzidzo.

Chirahwe dema "arapchonka"

Kwayakanga yabva, inoshamisa Ibrahim Hannibal? Chaizvoizvo chii chakanga upenyu hwomunhu, saka ndisingatarisiri kuzomukazve munhoroondo Russia? Ndinofanira kutaura kuti haisi nzira zvakanzi zvinorondedzerwa ake mufirimu Director backer. Sei chaizvoizvo kutarira Gannibal Abramu Petrovich? Fungidzira izvozvo, nezvikonzero pachena, hakuwaniki, asi muna Paris National Museum pane mufananidzo, iyo kazhinji zvinokonzerwa muduku godson Velikogo Petra. Kazhinji, munhu yakafukidzwa zvakavanzika zhinji. Chokutanga, nyanzvi yokudhirowa akasika mufananidzo, akaberekwa namanomwe makore Ibrahim afa, saka aisagona kuona chepakutanga.

Uyezve, hapana munhu anoziva zvakaitika matangwe godson wamambo, uyo akabereka Countess. Kunyange zvazvo Pushkin nokungwarira achiunganidza kukuru mashoko nezvatateguru zvinoshamisa dzavo, akanyora mashoko hama dzake. Saka, zviri pachena kuti kutaura kana mwana kana chakatangwa Alexander, hazviiti. Chimwe chinhu ndechokuti vamwe, Ibrahim Petrovich akanga asina tsvuku tepi uye hapana ndiko kudzingana nemasiketi. Basa rake riri ushumiri kufunga uye chigaro.

Ups nezvisingafadzi

Kudzokera Russia, iye caressed Peter, jaya mapfumo zvachose basa rake. Akaramba izvozvo pashure pokufa pamuchinjikwa. Total Ibrahim Hannibal akapukunyuka madzimambo manomwe Russian uye empresses. Rwisa akanga asisina. Kwoupenyu hwake, godson Petro akavaka nechiteshi chengarava, nhare arsenals, akatungamirira nhare mabasa mukuvaka zhinji wakakurumbira sezvo Petrine uye postpetrovskoy nguva, kusanganisira Kronstadt uye Paul Fortress.
Muupenyu hwake, Gannibal Abhuramu Petrovich, vane vana vachiri kuunganidza zvinhu nezvake, uye akaona kunyadziswa, uye kunyange nhapwa pfupi kuSiberia. Asi akanga kure pachivanze mberi kuvaka. Paakadzoka pakutapwa, kamwe zvakare akakwanisa kuwana chinzvimbo uye upfumi. Yepamusoro ake basa, godson Petro akasvika Empress Elizabeth. Muna 1759 akanga paakavapa soro uto chinzvimbo General-mu-Chief, uye Alexander Ribbon pamusoro pachipfuva. Kubvira panguva iyoyo, akava kutungamirira Corps pamusoro Engineers pasi mambo. Akadaro mupristi kunyatsoongorora ayo kubudirira pamusoro Empress akanga Gannibal Abhuramu Petrovich.

mhuri

upenyu Personal zvakanga kure kumeso uye kunyange. Alien zvoufuza ukama, akasvika muchato sezvo inoshanda faniro - nechinangwa kuberekana. Apo Ibrahim Hannibal muna 1731-M vasanganiswa muchato wokutanga, Peter akanga asisiri padivi pake. Gura akasarudzwa rokutanga rechiGiriki Dioper - mwanasikana mukuru magwa anokwasviwa rengarava. Baba wakanyengwa Evdokia kwaari, kunyange zvazvo akanga ari murume rasviba, asi panhengo uye akapfuma. Asi kwete kwenguva refu vakafara mhuri ifare Gannibal Abhuramu Petrovich. Mudzimai akada mumwe. Akaburukira pamusoro mukana uye pamusoro zvaanoda, nokuda kwababa kurayira. Musanangurwa komoyo wake akanga refutenendi Kaysarovich iye madly murudo. In muchato, akanga asingafari uye, sezvo aigona, akatsiva murume wake nhema. Nokukurumidza Hannibal, ndagamuchira "pevane" rokuti, uye mhuri yake vakatamira kuguta Pernau. Date Evdokia uye Kaysarovicha hazvo akamira, asi iye akakurumidza kuwana anoda itsva - muduku kondakita Yakov Shishkov. Uye nokukurumidza mudzimai wake akava nepamuviri. Hannibal akanga achitarira mberi mwanakomana wake, asi akaberekwa musikana chena. Uye ichi zvazvo zvinoitika kana zvakavhenganiswa michato, murume Zvisinei akatsamwa. Iye noutsinye kurova mudzimai. Uyezve, Akatuka Ibrahim haana kurega: mujeri mutengesi paitwa padanda kamuri. Kudzidza Evdokia upenyu hwake yemamongi.

Ibrahim haana kugara oga. Nokukurumidza mwenga wake mutsva wakanyengwa. nguva ino kwaiva German Christina of Shaberg. Sezvo mwanasikana mukuru chehondo Pernovskogo, iye ari kuonekwa kukuru-mbuya Pushkin - nyanduri, dzakanga hwakakanyiwa African, Russian uye German ropa. Muna 1736-M Ibrahim Hannibal kechipiri pamutemo kuroorana. Zvisinei, zvichiri zvisingaiti kuti ape kurambana naye Evdokia, saka makore mashomanana, Ibrahim Petrovich aiva bigamist. nenzvimbo yake yakakwirira chete vakabvumira kudzivisa munhu wokupomera uye, chokwadi, dambudziko chokuita nayo. Pakupedzisira, kurambana naye Evdokia akakwanisa kuti ape chete pashure namanomwe makore - muna 1753.

zvizvarwa

Ibrahim yokuroorana Christina akanga rakasimba zvikuru uye iwane. Vaiva vakunda vana nevanakomana vashanu. Gannibal Abhuramu Petrovich, ane vana vaiva kana dema kana kwasviba chaizvo, uye akafara muwanano yake yechipiri. Asi parudzi rechipiri - vazukuru - zvishoma nezvishoma vakatodzidza European ganda ruvara uye chiso mamiriro German. Kazhinji, musanganiswa African uye anopedza nokutonhorera ropa German kwakabatsira zvinoshamisa. Pakati pavanakomana Hannibal vaiva blond uye zvitema achishamisika kana, kana dema achishamisika uye rima-ganda. Mumwe wevanakomana vake - Osip - akashanda ari Navy. Akawana mukunda Tambov gavhuna. Kubva muchato uyu akaberekwa mwanasikana inofadza - tariro kuti chiedza remadunhu- "akanaka Creole." Akanga rima bvudzi uye meso yellow chanza - chiratidzo majini African. Muna 1796 "akanaka Creole" akaroora kuzvininipisa refutenendi Izmailovskii Sergeya Lvovicha Pushkina hondo, uye muna 1799 vakanga vari mumwe mwanakomana - Alexander, yemberi nyanduri huru, vane sekuru akanga Gannibal Abhuramu Petrovich.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

It anozivikanwa nomupiro zvikuru kukura kwake godson Peter mbatatisi munyika yedu. First mibhedha mbatatisi, sezvazvakanyorwa zvinozivikanwa, akazviratidza Russia rokutanga Emperor. Petr Veliky tsika iyi kukura Strelna, vachitarisira kurishandisa somunhu somushonga chirimwa. Catherine II chete, vachifunga kuti 'ndewevhu apuro "inogona kushandiswa dzakaonda makore akaronzesa kuna Hannibal, avo vanoziva chirimwa ichi, edza kuita mbatatisi maberekero panguva Manor. Farmstead "Suyda", vaiva ne Ibrahim, yaiva nzvimbo yokutanga paivhu Russian, izvo pakutanga akazviratidza yakakura minda vokutanga duku uye ipapo yakadyarwa chirimwa ichi. Ibrahim Hannibal akanyora netsamba dzake, uye muna French, asi pakupedzisira hwake iye akavaparadza.

Chii zvaishamisa aiva nemafungiro ake kuimba yemauto. Muna 1743, paakanga mumaoko chikamu musha wavo wainzi Ragoli Rentals kumashure Tirenu, akabatanidza ari chibvumirano zvimwe zvinoshamisa pfungwa kwenguva, akadai inorambidza koporo chirango pachinhu vanhuwo zvavo, kuwedzera yakaiswa pamberi nemitemo serfdom, uye zvichingodaro. D. A kana muzvinafundo akazvimedura, Hannibal agumisa chibvumirano mudare. The kwacho kwakavhiringidza pakati varidzi venzvimbo yacho, uyo, avo maonero, vanofanira kunge mhosva mamiriro Tyrena kuti pasi mutemo omunharaunda haana kukurukurwa. Abhuramu Hannibal akakwanisa kuhwina muitiro, asi chaizvoizvo zvakanga akaita Estonian vanhuwo zvavo. Kokutanga munhoroondo serfdom muRussia muridzi kusungirwa chii akaranga uye vakavarova vanhuwo zvavo, kwete pamusoro isingachinji dzemunharaunda ose serfdom.

Kusvikira zvino, Biography pamusoro Hannibal zvakawanda zvisingazivikanwi. The Tsika shanduro yaro mavambo uye nzvimbo yokuberekerwa kwakabatana musha Peter Frizington pamwe shona - Ethiopia kuti kuchamhembe. Asi zvichangobva kudzidzwa kuti akanga Sorbonne akapedza Beninese necheSalvic Dieudonné Gnammank, munyori "Abrama Hannibal", ziva izvozvo sezvo pamba pamuganhu ano Chad uye Cameroon. Pane kamwe aiva sultanate Logon yaanobva Kotoko. Uye kuti ari wedzinza iroro nebudiriro, maererano munyori, uye akanga Hannibal.

End upenyu

Vazhinji vazukuru godson Petro wokutanga uye wechipiri zvizvarwa --refu livers. Pachake muvambi zita iri ruzha akafa pazera remakore makumi masere nemashanu, mwedzi miviri pashure pokufa mudzimai wake akavimbika, Christine. Iye akabuda muna 1761 vava pamudyandigere, akapedza kwoupenyu muna rimwe zhinji Estates iri zvachose voga.