Raf-2203: wongororo vazvo, nokurondedzerwa, mapikicha

"Rafik 2203" - mumwe kufarira kuti vatyairi zhinji, kunyange nhasi ari mweya yavo zvomunguva yakapfuura. Uye kunyange iye zvino, kana muenzaniso uyu hakusisipo kweShanduro motokari ichi chinoramba inokosha chisingawanzowaniki makopi mafeni ose Vintage uye Antiquities.

Nimble uye maneuverable raf-2203

RAF womuenzaniso 2203 zvakagadzirwa Riga kubvira 1976 kusvika 1987. Zvakanga zvakagadzirirwa kuti dzakasiyana-siyana zvinangwa. Kakawanda iri motokari yaishandiswa chomuruki motokari, ambulances uye mishonga sezvo masangano uye kambani mota.

Marongerwo nemakombi RAF-2203 - ngoro. Its mukati ine 2 zvikamu:

1. Front mupanda apo mutyairi iri uye imwe chigaro aivamo.
2. Rear mupanda, akashongedzerwa pamwe pfumbamwe mutakurwi nezvigaro, uko mukwende nzvimbo.

Ndinofanira kutaura kuti uri nemakombi RAF-2203 ongororo akanaka chaizvo. Vanhu vaifanira kushanda ichi "Rafiki," usativanzira vavo chido pamusoro wenyaya motokari. Maererano navo, a kwazvo muchina, mukuru-nokukurumidza, nesimba uye mari. Uyewo, zvikuru yaakakudza kuvaka zvakanaka, chakanakisisa maneuverability uye vortkost panguva muchichinjana uye anochinja nawo rakapfava kutyaira.

Engine - moyo chero motokari

Raf-2203 injini ine carburetor mafuta nemushonga, yakanga akashongedzerwa aine motokari, kushanda peturu. Nokuti muenzaniso uyu isu vakashandisa injini kubva GAZ-24. It yaiva mberi uye anodzinga neshure mavhiri. The Injini aiva Inline urongwa, vharafu 4 uye 8 sepombi. Chaizvoizvo, ndinofanira kutaura kuti muenzaniso uyu vakapakata nezvemarudzi maviri injini:

• ZMZ 2401;
• ZMZ 402-10.

Kuti injini yechipiri yakanga yakawanda simba, raiva musiyano chete pakati pavo. Zvisinei, paiva nomumwe zvakawanda zvakasiyana nuance - wokutanga injini ndichishanda peturu AI-76, uye wechipiri - musi AI-93.

Manual 4-nokukurumidza yedzimudzangara ane nemakombi synchronizers vose mberi rachulis, izvo kunosvika nokupfuuridzirwa basa "Rafik".

The motokari aigona kusvika aimhanya chakanga zana namakumi maviri - zana namakumi matatu makiromita paawa.

Muviri uye kuturika nemakombi

Muviri RAF-2203 - akatakura, zvose-metal. The motokari ine 4 chete-shizha masuo:

• 2 vavo - kurudyi - zvakagadzirirwa mutakurwi chebhodhingi;
• musuo kuruboshwe riri kuti mutyairi;
• musuo shure anopa mukana penhumbi nzvimbo.

Ikamera kuturika nemakombi pamwe nehana absorbers, uyewo nokuda akaputsa hurongwa "Rafik" akaita kuti pave Drum mabhureki vari yakaiswa mana nemavhiri ose muchina. Kana zvakakodzera, kuzvigadzirira raf-2203 anogona akanga ari mazhinji mumhuri zvechitima.

Production - Latvia

Most yokutanga kugadzirwa womuenzaniso minivans RAF-2203 mapikicha paunogona kuona munyaya ino, vakatama pasi ungano mutsetse idzva fekitari wokuLatvia motokari muna December 1975. Uye kwegore yakavhurwa ne Green Street kwavo vakawanda kugadzirwa. Papera gore akamira pamusoro conveyor uye vakaparadzana nadzurudzo - Murairidzi amburenzi RAF-22031.

Apo motokari nadzurudzo sechipiriso Minivan, izvozvo vanokwanisa unokubvumira kutakura vanhu gumi pamusara. Nokuda kweizvi nezvimwe unhu mamwe raf-2203 rave richiparadzirwa munyika USSR. Pakaparara nyika kupinda vakaparadzana inoti, nemagudzu izvi dzave kwaidarika itsva yokutevedzera, chidimbu motokari "Gazel". Asi vamwe specimens zvichiripo mune dzimwe nyika dzaiumba Union.

Vamwe motokari nokurondedzerwa

Technical Data uye kukura raf-2203 ndeinotevera:

1. Kureba motokari 4 rinosvika 980 M masendimita yakafara - 2 mamita 035 cm uye kureba muchina - 1 mamita 970 cm.
2. Track mavhiri pamberi "rafika" - 1 mamita 474 cm undovakira njanji - 1 mamita 420 cm.
3. Misa nemakombi pamwe midziyo - 1670 makirogiramu.
4. Its zvakakomba uremu - 2710 makirogiramu.
5. Injini kabhureta, 4 humburumbira ZMZ 2203 / 2,445 litres.
6. Number zvigaro - 11, ndinoiitawo mutyairi.
7. The braking mufambo ari kumhanya 60 km / h iri 25,8 m.
8. Front overhang 1 M kuti masendimita 200.
9. Rear overhang - chete 1 mamita 120cm.
10. Machine nokukwirira matanho pamusoro pasi - 40 cm.
11. Dry kuroorwa-Disc batira.
12. Manual gearbox.
13. Hydraulic kuvhunduka absorbers.
14. Spring Front kuturika Independent pamusoro wishbone.
15. Kubatsirwa shure kuturika pamusoro longitudinal Semi-rakaita denderedzwa chairo shizha matsime.

Features nemakombi RAF

Kuyemura minibuses zvose izvo vanhu vanonzi akanyatsoti "Rafiki" zvakasiyana woita pamberi bhamba pasina "fangs", vent mahwindo mikova pamberi, uchitikurudzira zviedza chena padenga, kumativi shure-maonero magirazi uye Chrome mavhiri ngowani discs, sapamazuva "Volga" GAZ -21.

Asati apedza muna 1976 Serial nemakombi RAF-2203 rakapedzwa pamwe chepakutanga mukuru chiridzwa Panel, akashongedzerwa aine kumativi dials. Muna 1977, muenzaniso awana mumwe emadziro itsva chiridzwa sumbu, akatorwa kubva GAZ-24. Panguva iyoyo kwakasarudzwa kusiya pokubuda napo, yaiva pasi pakati hwindo kurutivi pachiteshi.

Reviews "Rafiki"

Achitaura kuti vanhu vari kutaura raf-2203. Reviews vazvo, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, zvakanaka chaizvo. Pane mashoko maduku inogona kunzi ine kubvisa, asi havasi kudaro zvainoreva zvinonyatsorehwa mamiriro ezvinhu. Vamiririri makambani, uyewo vaya vawana kuti RAF kuti mubhizimisi, vakati kuti akapa pasi mutengo muchina, kudzokera yake yakanaka. Izvi Chekutanga, uye chepiri rinokosha chokwadi ndiye kusavapo nezvinetso kupembedza nhengo. Anenge zvose unofanira, ndikwane motokari "Volga", asi muviri simbi.

Little yakavimbika "tangi" - atumidzwa vamwe vatyairi raf-2203. Reviews vazvo vari kunyanya zvakazadza kwokutaura car-agare achingoshanda. Vamwe akaona hwomutambarakede zvakakodzera mumotokari, saka vajaire nayo pamwe chete zuva rimwe. Kunyange zvazvo dashboard haisi dzinoongororwa nokuda soro mamakisi, asi ruzhinji nezvazvo zvikuru nyore. High pasi Clearance anoita anowanisa nemakombi kutyaira pamusoro mugwagwa tsvina.

Kubva akaipa kutaura kuti vane nokurera yechando zvishoma kuipa, asi, zvakare, pane kuva tsika. With zvishoma tsika nokuda mutyairi, uye unyanzvi achauya. Sezvataona, minus uye kuti chinzvimbo pamberi injini, ndokusaka uremu Minivan misha iri nechemberi kwayo. Uye, chokwadi, kuti zvazvakaipira zvinosanganisira yakakwirira mafuta manwiro raf-2203.

Features nemakombi (chii akabvuma zvose kutaura), sezvo motokari iyi chipa uye inoshanda chaizvo, kuti zvakakwana akakodzera kuti madiki.

Tanga okuwana of muenzaniso 2203

Mukupera 60-ies ari wokuLatvia motokari indasitiri rwakaona aiparadza yokushomeka kugadzirwa nzvimbo. Nokuda zvinodiwa ichi nyika guru nemagudzu zvakanga zvisingatomboiti. Uye saka muna 1969 takatanga kuvaka imwe chirimwa chitsva, riri 25 km kubva Riga, muguta Jelgava.

Chaizvoizvo, chirimwa ichi hofori pakutanga yakagadzirwa uye akavaka pasi muenzaniso mutsva nemakombi uye vakagadzirira pamwe zvikuru panguva iyoyo yemazuva michina. Pamutemo, kugadzirwa yakatanga basa rayo muna 1976. Zvakanga iroro gore rakatanga kugadzirwa Serial kugadzirwa ane Minivan pamwe Indekisi 2203.

vakawanda kugadzira

Sezvo kumhanya kweShanduro Minivan "Rafiq-2203" kure kupfuura nowakautangira kwayo, muenzaniso 977. Muna 1984, muna February, chirimwa yakabereka zana kuzviuru gore raf-2203 - uye izvi pashure pemakore 9 chete atanga akatevedzana kugadzirwa!

In kuuya makore 80 mufekitari muna Jelgava akabudisa vanenge 17.000 nemagudzu pagore. Nokuti chinangwa ichi vaivawo uye zvose zvekare zvitoro uye mutumbi zvebhizimisi munyika Riga, asi kunyanya iye zvino vari kuenda madiki diki batch mangé mota chaiyo mirairo. Riga aiva pachawo zvakagadzirwa hofisi, uye Special Bureau aida kunovhenekwa.

nguva munhoroondo

The tanga motokari RAF vane unhu avo, akadai zvimwewo pamusoro GAZ-24 uye pamberi fekitari chiratidzo necheseri pamukova. Dzoro 1978-1979 pakataurwa yokutsiva pakati optics kubva "Volga" rakabatana bhazi repeaters majana, uye ndinoiitawo chiratidzo chirimwa akabviswa weshure. Uyezve, anenge makore 10 minivans anobudiswa chimiro ichi, pasina kuita chinhu chinokosha kuchinja substantially.

Quality mucherechedzo pana yepamusoro kubudirira

Muna 1979, nokuti ayo kugadzirwa chirimwa RAF akagamuchira State Quality Mark. Asi vamwe, Zvinoshamisa chaipo pashure kuti unhu yaibereka ose gore motokari yakatanga kunaya. Plant kuramba vakatanga kugamuchira zvichemo, zvichemo kutaura, kunyanya kubva dzehutano vanoshandisa amburenzi. The risingafadzi chiitiko chakaitika muna February 1986, ipapo gospriomka akapotsa vanenge 13% kubva nemagudzu itsva vakadzokera chirimwa kubvisa dzakaonekwa kuremara.

Kusawirirana pakati mamaneja

Uyewo muna 1986 pakati kurapa chirimwa yakatanga paruzhinji nhaurirano. Mavara akamutsa nyaya chete maererano zvinokonzera vachiwana kuderera mune unhu Jelgava motokari kugadzirwa. Pairwiwa hondo vakasvika chisarudzo kunatsa mamiriro ezvinhu aya, muti zvinoda kwete chete kusunungurwa itsva yemashoko nemagudzu, asiwo vamwe directors.

Mushure sarudzo kwayo yaiitisa raiva Viktor Bossert. Maererano Riga Autobús Factory akagamuchira kubva National bhajeti mari yakawanda nokuti yose hwokugadzira ndiwedzere nezvaidiwa kuti yakabereka yokutevedzera, kusanganisira RAF-2203 nokurondedzerwa dzave akavandudzika zvikuru.

discontinuance

Mushure Soviet Union yakaparara, kuti RAF chirimwa, kufanana zhinji mamwe maindasitiri reBaltic Hofori yakafanana yakaoneka takangosikwa. The zororo pamwe Russia haana kutamba mumaoko pagadzirwe. Nekuti ichitanga kweShanduro chirimwa akabvunza zvokuyamura kubva Russia, uye izvi zvinoshanda anenge ose zvinoriumba. Panguva iyoyowo, achiri nokuda atsamwira ukama pamwe Russia, musika akawira hasha, nokuda chii kurimwa aifanira kuzovauraya asati nokubudiswa 4-5 zviuru mota pagore.

Kuedza kurarama uye kuramba yerera, muti wacho utariri akaedza kuwedzera chigadzirwa siyana. Kurimwa kanda wandei itsva utility motokari uye minibuses unokudzwa nemhaka RAF-2203. mapato Small anofanira kuregedza nemagudzu RAF-2920, utility pickups RAF-3311, uye dzimwe motokari. Asi munyama chose, kufanana pagadzirwe kubudirira matanho vasina vakauya, nekuti Chokwadi, zvikuru nechigadziko muenzaniso "Rafiq-2203" kare zvikuru tariro yakatopfuura ne iyoyo.

Kugadzirwa shamisa "Rafik" akavharwa Final

1993 chakaratidza kutanga kweShanduro Nizhny Novgorod "Mhara", zvichiguma reBaltic chirimwa, hunokonzera "Rafiki" pakupedzisira akarasika musika wayo guru - Russia. Local, kureva vagari reBaltic chiri haanyanyi akaratidzawo yavo kufarira zvigadzirwa, avo zvaunofarira vakapiwa akundinamata / nepfambi kuti motokari dzinobva Western Europe.

Help emakambani aigona kuchinja inokosha womuenzaniso, kunyanya sezvo kunhivi mukupera '80s, fekitari akasika 2 chete ano pfungwa, ichi "Roxanne" uye "Steeles". mhando ava zvepamusorosoro. Asi kuenda kwavo vakawanda kugadzirwa, zvaida yakakura mazuvaano wekambani uye chinokosha inivhesitimendi. Kutsvaka ive investor havana kubudirira, nhamba anogadzirwa "Rafikov" pamwedzi akava duku uyewo akakura chirimwa zvikwereti.

Nhambo akauya muna 1997 apo kuBaltic chirimwa RAF akasunungura ichangobva batch mangé ayo mishonga, uye muchirimo cha1998, kambani akataura kusauka. Pano panguva iyi uye akanga apedza nyaya yacho vakawanda Minivan munhoroondo Soviet Union, uye pamwe ndokuguma nhoroondo wokuLatvia motokari indasitiri.