Petro Paul Nhare St. Petersburg: photo, miziyamu, sei kuti

Petro Paul Nhare St. Petersburg aine goridhe mukuru spire wake uye Paul Cathedral, nesimba bastions uye pfuti ravelins kuti ose zuva heralds rava kusvika masikati, netsika panoonekwa nesu sechiratidzo guta rino zvinoshamisa. Hazvina kubva kuvaka kwayo vakatanga emakore mashoma apfuura, nhoroondo St. Petersburg.

Somunhu kuwanirwa nzvimbo pakuvaka nhare uye guta

Pakutanga XVIII remakore. Just pakaperera Northern War, urwo rwakatora makore 20, isingaperi. Kunyange zvazvo yeSweden vakakurirwa Russian umambo vaifanira kusimbisa nzvimbo yavo yakakura expanses of Neva. Emperor Peter ndaizvipira kuvaka munzvimbo idzodzo simba nenhare, izvo zvinogona kuvhara yeSweden kuwana muGulf of Finland. Nhasi zvakaoma kufungidzira kuti mundima, iyo zvino inoshongedza St. Petersburg, vakanga kamwe anezvimiti uye safambika okusava.

Asi pakutanga rechi18. zvinhu zvakanga zvakadaro. Petro ndokuburukira rwizi pasi uchitsvaka nzvimbo nzvimbo yaizova akakwana kuti pavakwe reuto revarwi vairinda. Chisarudzo chake, akamira pamusoro chitsuwa duku, riri zvakadzamisisa uye widest chikamu pamuromo Neva. Zvaiva imomo kuti aifanira vakure Petro Paul Fortress, iyo zvino Prints mapikicha zvose nzvimbo mabhurocha pamusoro St. Petersburg. Zvino ngano inoti ichi: Peter I kutsunga wevaFiripi kuvhomora bhayoneti ane musoja amire pedyo, uzviputsanye peat shava square, ndokuti zvakasimba, kuti guta ichavakwa pano. Ipapo mambo akamubvunza kuti kumupa nyore nefoshoro akatanga kuchera gungwa nayo. Saka vakatanga kuvaka nhare pakavakirwa pashure akakura rimwe remaguta akanaka kwazvo kwete chete Europe asi pasi pose. Sezvineiwo, chitsuwa chacho chainzi Hare, uye nei zita rakapiwa, ichakurukurwa muchitsauko chinotevera nyaya yedu.

Kwakabva Chiwi pamusoro inomira Petro uye Paul Nhare St. Petersburg

Saka isu akavimbisa nezvokutambudzika sei Rabbit Island anonzi saizvozvo. Panguva ino pane pfungwa dzakawanda. Vanhu yakakurumbira nyaya kuti kana chevaux Peter netsoka pachitsuwa ichi musi majombo ake pakarepo akasvetukira zvishoma tsuro kutiza nemafashamo. Changamire akaponesa mhuka credulous, uye ipapo vachikudza chiitiko ichi kunzi Hare Island.

Mumwe anoti bhasikoro ichi zvishoma zvakasiyana: kuti Peter Ndakatsamwira panguva kunonoka vashandi mubasa rokuvaka, uye aida kuti avarange. Pano uye ndokusvetukira mumaoko ake achibva pane vaite tsuro. Akaseka mambo uye hasha dzake akapfuura, uye chiitiko immortalized muzita rokuti. Tinogona kutaura kuti uyu ndiye mumwe tanga ngano, izvo akapa guta Petro Paul Fortress. The miziyamu iri parizvino iri mariri, akachengeta hwakawanda ngano, uye kutenderera vatungamiriri vanoda akomborera vaenzi vavo vashanyi.

Imwe shanduro yeBhaibheri iri zvishoma kudanana, asi anotarisa zvikuru anobata: kwenguva rine nzeve mhuka panguva pachitsuwa ichi pakati Neva vakararama maererano chiuru, saka Finns kare akaritumidza "Jänissaari", iro akashandurirwa Russian se "Rabbit Island".

Plan zvivako uye zvivako munharaunda yayo

Petro Paul Nhare St. Petersburg rakaumbwa muna 1703, nomwedzi May. urongwa wake akavhomora pachake mambo Peter Mukuru, uyo aiva, sezvo tichiziva, yakakura ruzivo minda sayenzi uye okugadzira siyana. Pasi urongwa, nhare chiri pamutemo Hexagon, kumakona ayo kudzivirira yakavimbika 6 bastions simba. Vashanu vavo ainzi chokuremekedza shamwari yepedyo yaJehovha Russian chevaux: "Naryshkin nhare", "Menshikov", "Golovkin," "Trubetskoy", "Zotov", zvakanaka, wechitanhatu anonzi "Changamire". Bastions wakakombwa ane pentagonal chimiro. Achawisirwa mberi, vakanga vokutanga kutora brunt nomuvengi kana kurwiswa. Kumabvazuva uye kumavirira magedhi wakakombwa pakavha masvingo - ravelins.

For nezvivakwa nhare kuchamhembe yakavigwa zhinji yakavakwa mumakore akasiyana. Pakati ndiyo yakakurumbira Petro Paul Cathedral. Pamberi pake - mumba Commandant yaJehovha, kwaaigara kuti commandant wakakombwa. Kumativi chikuru avhenyu rakamiswa Engineering basa imba (1749) uye atirari zvombo (1801). In kwazvo seri mativi inomira chivako maviri-storey, akashongedzwa pembiru chena. Izvi murindi guardhouse.

Panoperera iri nzira, vashanyi anogona kuona akakura chivakwa - (. 1800-ies) ari Mint. Paiva yakagadzirwa mari, mubayiro Badges uye Medals. Uye Petro Paul Nhare St. Petersburg, ndiye dzigare mairi emagazini chikepe Petro I, apo mambo akanga kushambira ari mwana. Nokuti iye, rakanga rakavakwa rinokosha chivakwa - Botnia imba. Pakutanga, munhare mambo akaramba yepakutanga gungwa mudziyo, asi muna 1940 akatorwa kuna Central Naval Museum North guru, apo zvazvinosarira nhasi.

Cathedral of St. Peter uye Paul

mushanyi ose, uyo akazviratidza nhare, nguva dzose ruchigona kuenda church, inomira pakati penyika yacho. Kunyange zvakadaro, pashure zvose pane chinhu kuona! Foundation wekereke wakaradzikwa muna 1712 achitungamirirwa D. Trezzini. Full kuvakwa nguva anenge 20 makore. The chikuru womukati kushongedzwa of Cathedral - yakaisvonaka gilded wakavezwa iconostasis. Rich kushongedzwa kereke, panewo "nzvimbo youmambo" - iri rinokosha papuratifomu apo mambo akanga panguva webasa chechi.

Petro Paul Nhare St. Petersburg wayo Church ndiyo nzvimbo youmambo ropa kuvigwa. Gallery chinobatanidza ST. Petro naPauro kubva Grand ducal Burial rakatenderera. It akawana yokupedzisira utiziro vazhinji machinda makuru zveimba Romanov. Hongu, uye Petro I akavigwa pano. Kamwe guva zvakare yakashongedzwa yakanaka iconostasis, asi urombo, iye vazhinji nevamwe vafumi zvinhu zvokunyaradza kushongedzwa vakarasika kana kuparadzwa panguva yokukombwa Leningrad.

Cathedral bhero shongwe

Nokuti kare matatu emakore inomira muchizvikudza pamusoro muguta bhero neshongwe Cathedral of St. Peter naPauro, vaApostora. Izvi ndizvo anomira panze sezvo Petro uye Paul Fortress. Kusvika Hare Island? Vashanyi kumbobvira dambudziko iri zvikuru. Uye munoziva sei? Hongu, nokuti kana munhu ari pakati peguta, zvingadai kuonekwa kubva kwose kwose yendarama spire pamusoro bhero neshongwe Cathedral nengirozi muchengeti panguva chaizvo pamusoro. Kukwirira bhero shongwe iri 122,5 m, uye vakawanda spire - 40 metres mapapiro ngirozi mufananidzo - .. 3.8 mamita Chokwadi, kuti gild spire of Peter uye Paul Fortress, akatora kusvika 8 makirogiramu nendarama yakaisvonaka.

Nenzira, munhare kuvakwa ratanga pakuvaka shongwe bhero pachayo. Peter I vakamutumidza inokosha. Kutozosvikira munguva ichangopfuura, yaiva yakareba kupfuura chivako St. Petersburg.

Njodzi wakakombwa

Njodzi rusvingo urwu kujairika. Yakavakwa kuti vakwanise kuzvidzivirira kubva kurwisa vavengi, munhare izvi hazvimborevi zvematongerwo mukurwa. The chete kwepfuti kuti ati raitwa kubva munharaunda yayo, izvozvo volleys pamusoro kanoni, akatasva pedyo Naryshkin nhare, zuva heralds saka panowanikwa masikati muna St. Petersburg (St. Petersburg). Petro Paul Fortress uye zvinokwezva mundima yayo inhaka yose Russia netsika uye nhoroondo.

casemates Petro naPauro

Zvakangoitikawo kuti Petro naPauro nhare akapiwa zita Russian Bastille. Kwemakore akawanda dzakaitwa muusungwa kukosha mamiriro matsotsi ikoko. Mumwe wokutanga akanga mujeri mujeri hwakaoma Trubetskoy nhare, akanga Tsarevich Alexei - mwanakomana Emperor Peter I. Mumakore siyana vari pevhu naPetro naPauro vakanga mujeri zvakadai wakakurumbira vanhu sezvo munyori AN Radishchev, IN Nikitin, mapurani PM Eropkin dzakaitika VN Tatishchev. The anotyisa chokwadi ndechokuti munhare akaita kunyange kuuraya.

Muna 1826, munhare vakaurayiwa shanu Decembrists Pestel Ryleev, Masvosve-APÓSTOL, Bestuzhev-Ryumin uye Kakhovka. Kamwe ari Russian October chimurenga, yaiva kwacho pakati Petersburg, Petro naPauro nhare aigona kudzokorora anosuruvarisa njodzi Bastille - nayo aida kuparadza chawo. Asi, sezvinei kwatiri, kuti Bolsheviks vakafunga nani nenguva, uye chikuru kukwezvana yacho Northern guru akaramba akamira panzvimbo yake. Zvino yerima pevhu wakakombwa zvishoma nezvishoma famba vashanyi, achiteerera nyaya sevanotungamirira pamusoro ropa kare kuti anoyeukwa madziro aimbova mujeri.

miziyamu kuratidzira

Petro Paul Fortress, kuti Museum anopa dzakasiyana-siyana dzinonakidza excursions, ramakagadzwa ndedzinotevera:

- dzinoyevedza.

- Tour pamusoro House kuratidzwa kuti Commandant wacho.

- "Petersburg-Petrograd, 1703-1918 gg.".

- "Three emakore veguta" (vachiratidzwa bhero shongwe Petro Paul Cathedral).

- "Street Time" (Engineering chivakwa).

- Exhibition "Neva Keteni" (nhoroondo wenhare uye Church).

- "panopticon" (Exhibits kubva Kunstkammer).

Vaenzi uchapiwawo zvinonakidza kufamba oga munharaunda wakakombwa, kuti mufananidzo pedyo yakakurumbira chidhori Peter I nokuda Mikhail Shemyakin ndiro inozivikanwa Petro uye Paul Fortress. Photos chidhori yendarira unogona kuona pazasi.

mushanyi ose vanofanira kuona kuwedzera tsuro, iyo inotumidzwa zita rayo kuti Rabbit Island. chivezwa mhuka riri pedyo St. John zambuko.

How kusvika munhare

Pakati vashanyi mukurumbira chaizvo ndivo nzira, iyo inosanganisira kunoshanyira chinhu akadai Peter uye Paul Fortress. How kuti ikoko, isu zvino ichatsanangura. Nyore nzira kuenda Metro yemapurisa "Gorky", uye ipapo uende kubudikidza paki kusvika miziyamu zvakaoma. Gates ndivhurire vashanyi ose zuva kubva 8.30 kusvikira 21,00, uye kuenda ikoko, hauna kunodiwa kuti mubhadharo. Zvino kuti kushanyira miziyamu kuratidzira, kushanda mukati nhare, aizofanira kubhadhara. Tikiti mitengo chaizvo musoro, nokuti pensioners uye vadzidzi anopiwa discounts. Nzvimbo nhare pasi kuvakwa, saka kana uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezvenyaya iyi anofadza, unogona kuenda kune zvimwe, achiudza pamusoro zvinokwezva St. Petersburg, uye ikoko kutsvaka ruzivo.