Permanent uye non-morphological zviri zvisazitasingwi

Mumutauro mupfumi Russian ane vakawanda dzakasiyana-siyana kutaura. Aya mapoka mashoko pamwe mumwe kuburikidza siyana zvakafanana zvinhu. Pakati pavo vane adjectives, zvisazitasingwi, verbs, emazita, adverbs nevamwe. Nokuti mumwe nomumwe wavo, sezvo vazhinji unhu hwavo, zvinofanira kukurukurwa yoga.

Morphological zvinhu zviri zvisazitasingwi vari siyana zvikuru, sezvo chikamu ichi kutaura zviri nani dzinonakidza uye siyanei nevamwe. Zvakawanda pamusoro pavo anogona kuwanikwa munyaya ino.

Chii chinonzi chisazitasingwi

Chokwadi, kutanga tinofanira kubata yokuti sezvo wemauto chisazitasingwi. Ichi boka mashoko ndeimwe kuzvimirira zvikamu kutaura. Iye asingadi kuzodana zvakananga anoti zvinhu, nokuwanda kana zvinhu pachavo.

Saka, muna vaitaura chisazita unogona kutsiva zvimwe akazvimirira zvikamu kutaura: emazita, sezviverengo uye adjectives.

Mibvunzo mhinduro dzakapiwa zvisazitasingwi zvakasiyana. Angashandiswa kuti emazita ( "chii", "uyo?"), Uye mazita nhamba ( "sei?"), Uye adjectives ( "chii?").

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zviri zvisazitasingwi

Chero mukukurukurirana kuti ariko mumutauro wokuRussia ane vanoverengeka chinosiyanisa zvinhu. Chokwadi, vane zvisazitasingwi, zvakare. zviratidzo vakadaro rakakamurwa mhando mbiri huru:

- nemarongerwo dzaanofanira basa zvikamu kutaura mumutsetse;

- morphological zviri zvisazitasingwi, kuti wakarurama anotipa kunzwisisa kuti vari kunyanya nyaya tiri kubata chisazita pane pamwe mimwe mukukurukurirana.

syntactic zvinhu

Basa zvisazitasingwi zvirevo yakasiyana, zvinogona kuva chinhu. Chikonzero siyana iri kuti mashoko aya anogona kushanda kutsiva adjectives uye emazita uye sezviverengo. Zvichienderana chii mukukurukurirana kuchatsiviwa imwe chisazitasingwi, zvichava pasi, tsanangudzo, iyo Predicate kana imwe nhengo mutongo.

morphological zvinhu

Zvinoita boka iri mashoko zvikuru zvakawanda, sezvo inobvawo pane chinangwa mukukurukurirana chisazitasingwi anoita pakutsiva mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu.

Chero zvazvingava, mutauro wokuRussia pane zvinotevera morphological zviri zvisazitasingwi: zvachose uye vasiri zvachose. chikamu chokutanga chinosanganisira avo zvinhu zvose kuti usiyane nevamwe chisazita akawanda zvikamu kutaura. chikamu chechipiri ine mazita hunhu kuti zvimwe siyana zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana.

zviratidzo zvachose

Ngatimbotaura yokutanga pamusoro unhu zvinongowanikwa muchikwata ichi mashoko. Constant morphological Unhu anosanganisira zvisazitasingwi zvakadai somunhu pfungwa pakuyerera. Chaiwo iyeye anogona kuva chero shoko iri chisazitasingwi. Zvisinei, pane chikuru classifications maviri chikamu ichi kutaura. Pane discharges dzikarongwa ne kukosha, uye zvichienderana iine girama zvinhu.

Uyewo chenguva morphological zviri zvisazitasingwi zvinogona anomiririrwa pfungwa dzakadai munhu, munhui uye nhamba. Zvisinei kugara unhu mashoko ane mumwe chete boka zvikamu kutaura, izvo kunzi pazasi.

Bits zvisazitasingwi zvine musoro

Kune vakawanda pfumbamwe siyana Mapato, izvo akakamurwa mashoko anoenderana zvisazitasingwi. The basa rimwe mapoka inobva kukosha kuti anotakura pachako chisazita.

Boka rokutanga kana chikamu zvisazitasingwi - pachake, kutaura zvakananga vechikamu chikumbiro (semuenzaniso, "iwe" kana "Ini"), avo hazvina kubatanidzwa, uye zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana (zvakadai se "Ivo" kana "iye") .

The boka chechipiri zvisazitasingwi - returnable. chikamu ichi ane chete neshoko - "kuzvidzora". Pane rairatidza ndiani chinhu kana munhu ari nyaya (Iye pachake hakuiti zvichengetedze).

The boka wechitatu zvisazitasingwi - interrogative. Izvi zvinosanganisira shoko-mibvunzo inogona kunongedzera dzinoverengeka, kana zviratidzo zvinhu uye vanhu. Somuenzaniso, mashoko okuti "zvikuru sei", "munhu", "chii."

The boka rechina zvisazitasingwi - hama. Heano mashoko akafanana ari yapfuura boka, asi havana zvinowanika mitsetse yakaoma uye chiito sezvo kubatana pakati yenhengo dzavo. Asi dzinonzi batana mashoko.

The boka rechishanu zvisazitasingwi - possessive. Related Mashoko pano kutaura imwe nyaya yomumwe imwe chinhu kana munhu. Vamiririri muchikwata ichi vari Somuenzaniso, shoko rokuti "yangu", "avo", "iye", "yenyu".

The boka wechitanhatu zvisazitasingwi - isingagumi. Mashoko aya nzira yokuratidza kuva nokusingagumi hunhu, uwandu, zviratidzo kana imwe nyaya kukurukura. Dzinomirira ibatanidzo interrogative zvisazitasingwi ne prefixes "chinhu" uye "kwete" kana kuti suffixes "munhu", "munhu", "kuti". boka iri, Somuenzaniso, mashoko okuti "mumwe munhu", "vamwe", "sei chinhu."

The boka wechinomwe zvisazitasingwi - kunaka. Muhurukuro anotevera mashoko anoshandiswa zviitiko apo chinhu kurukurirano kana vasipo. Vari aumba kubva interrogative zvisazitasingwi, kuti zviri dzakabatanidzwa ari chivakashure "kwete" uye "kwete." In boka iri rinogona kuwanikwa Somuenzaniso, zvisazitasingwi, "hapana munhu", "hapana munhu", "kwete".

Boka zvisazitasingwi rechisere anonzi indekisi. Izvi zvinosanganisira mashoko nako kurondedzera kana kutaridzwa nhamba kana chiratidzo chinhu. Mienzaniso zvisazitasingwi izvi zvinotevera: "munhu", "vazhinji", "ichi", "ichi".

The wepfumbamwe boka zvisazitasingwi - attributive, achinongedza chiratidzo chinhu mune mubvunzo. Pane mashoko akadai sokuti "chero," "vakawanda," "mamwe," "wakarurama," "pachangu" uye zvichingodaro. N.

Bits zvisazitasingwi zvichienderana zvivakamutauro chikabviswa

Constant morphological zvinhu zvisazitasingwi zvinosanganisirawo matomu izvo maererano zvivakamutauro zviri inozivikanwa. Zvichienderana zvisazitasingwi izvi zvinogona dzinoenderana adjectives, emazita kana sezviverengo.

Zvisazitasingwi, kuridza basa adjectives vari anoratidza hunhu zvinhu. Words nechokuita muchikwata ichi vanosanganisira:

- zvose kubva muchikwata che zvisazitasingwi uye possessive attributive;

- Vamwe zvinoyerera indekisi ( "ichi", "ichi", "ichi", "akadaro" "kuti");

- chikamu nhonga interrogative uye hama ( "munhu", "uyo", "sei");

- zvisazitasingwi panhengo isingagari uye akaipa, kuti kunogona kuwanikwa kubva mundima yapfuura.

Boka zvisazitasingwi rechisere anonzi indekisi. Izvi zvinosanganisira mashoko nako kurondedzera kana kutaridzwa nhamba kana chiratidzo chinhu. Mienzaniso zvisazitasingwi zvakadai inogona "mumwe", "vazhinji", "ichi", "ichi".

The wepfumbamwe boka zvisazitasingwi - attributive, achinongedza chiratidzo chinhu mune mubvunzo. Pane mashoko akadai sokuti "chero," "vakawanda," "mamwe," "wakarurama," "pachangu" uye zvichingodaro. N.

Zvisazitasingwi, kuridza basa sezviverengo, iri boka duku, zvinosanganisira mashoko "saka zvikuru", "sei", "chero", "multiple" uye "zvakawanda". Mashoko boka iri vari achinongedza nhamba zvinhu.

Zvisazitasingwi kuti vave emazita, anogona kunongedzera chinhu pacharo, mune mubvunzo. chikamu ichi chinomirirwa nemashoko anotevera:

- zvose pachavo zvisazitasingwi ose okuyerera;

- kudzoka "kuzviremekedza";

- zvisazitasingwi panhengo hama uye interrogative ( "chii" uye "uyo");

- zvisazitasingwi panhengo isingagari uye akaipa, kuti kunogona kuwanikwa kubva mundima yapfuura ( "mumwe", "mumwe", "hapana", etc ...).

Kunyanya zvisazitasingwi, emazita

Individual nzeve, zvisazitasingwi, yaisanganisira muboka pachavo. boka iri rine dzinokwana mashoko mapfumbamwe, yeuka navo nyore. vose vane chimwe chinhu asina kuwanikwa mamwe marudzi zvisazitasingwi.

Constant morphological zviri pachake zvisazitasingwi zvinosanganisira mumwe kwete chete pfungwa muchikwata chipi icho. boka iri kunoratidzwa yokuti pane chisingaperi chepfungwa chiso.

In zvachose mune mapoka vatatu:

- 1st munhu anomiririrwa mashoko "isu" uye "Ini";

- 2nd munhu - "iwe" uye "imi";

- wechitatu munhu - "payo", "ivo", "iye" uye ". Iye"

Chimwe chisingaperi chinoratidza zvinoyerera zvisazitasingwi chinhu genus. Kwete nguva dzose ruzivo iyi dzinounzwa mune zvinyorwa, asi zvinokosha kuziva uye kufunga. Somuenzaniso, imwe nevakawanda genus inosanganisira mashoko "iwe" uye "ini." Words vari boka hunomiririrwa bato wechitatu uye risiri, "izvozvo", "izvozvo", "iye" riri paavhareji, mukono nehadzi akaberekwa azvaitwa. In chiratidzo mhando ichi asina mashoko pakuyerera ichi, umo nhamba muzvizhinji ( "Ivo", "iwe", "isu").

Chisingaperi chiratidzo zvisazitasingwi vechigaro muchikwata che pachake, ndiye nhamba kuti tinoberekwa pavo.

peculiarity charo, uye zvisazitasingwi panhengo hama uye interrogative 'chii' uye 'uyo'. Pasinei akapoteredza, mashoko aya anoreva chimwe chete nhamba. Panguva mumiririri iwoyu neuter ndiye 'chii' uye dzevanhu -. "Ndiani" Morphological zviratidzo nokusingagumi zvisazitasingwi uye zvisazitasingwi okuyerera kunaka, izvo zvinogona kuwanwa kubva pamashoko aya, zvakafanana. Saka boka iri zvisazitasingwi pamwe discharges inoenderana, chisingaperi maitiro zvakawanda chechikadzi uye nhamba.

Little kana pasina zviratidzo zvisazitasingwi

Properties ichichinja zvichienderana akapoteredza nhaka chinji morphological zvechadenga zvisazitasingwi. Vanewo panzvimbo dzakasiyana zvisazitasingwi enzvimbo akasiyana girama makirasi. Kazhinji muboka iri tiri zviratidzo pfungwa dzakadai munhurume, nyaya uye nhamba, kana, mune mashoko chaiwo.

Chokutanga, ngatimbotaura pamusoro zvisazitasingwi, emazita kuita mabasa. Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, vakawanda zvisazitasingwi vari chikamu zvinoyerera, nhamba uye munhui zviri zvisingashanduki maitiro. Chisazitasingwi "pachavo" havatakuri maitiro aya maviri. Zvisinei, mashoko ose vanobatanidzwa iri mhando zvisazitasingwi vanowanzotevedzera siyana pamusoro nyaya. Izvi chavainyanya chinhu ari nonpermanent.

Kana iri chisazitasingwi achitamba basa adjectives, ipapo kuchinja zviratidzo vachagara zvazvingava, chechikadzi uye nhamba maererano pazita kwavakange anotaura. Chimwe chinoratidza zviratidzwa morphological inoratidza possessive zvisazitasingwi. iwoyu shoko "avo", "varo" uye "iye" haana kushanduka chero nzira. Uye pakati zviratidzo kusashanduka yavo ndiyo pfuma ndowenyika dzose. Chisazitasingwi "akadaro" uye "chii" anogona kuchinja pamusoro nyaya havatakuri.

Zvisazitasingwi kushanda mabasa sezviverengo havana zvinoitwa zvose chechikadzi uye nhamba. Hazvina pfuma yavo kwakafanana ose chinokosha sezviverengo. Saka, asiri wechigarire morphological zvechadenga zvisazitasingwi, mufundisi vakapa chete kuchinja pamusoro nyaya. Saizvozvo pazita ivo pamwe sezvinotevera:

- in nominative uye accusative kacho Vanomhanya mumwe pazita iri genitive muzvizhinji;

- in oblique zviitiko zvinoenderana emazita.

The nemamiriro morphological kuongorora zvisazitasingwi

Morphological zviri zvisazitasingwi Zvakakosha kuziva kuti morphological pachisara izvo Kazhinji zvakakosha kuti mumwe mukukurukurirana. It azviita mumatanho akawanda.

In padariro wokutanga kunyora zita mukukurukurirana uye kunoratidza kutanga chimiro parsed mashoko (kureva inotungamirira naye nominative nyaya, shoko risiri muuzhinji).

In danho rechipiri rinodonongodza zvose morphological zvinhu zviri pakuona chisazitasingwi ichi. Pakutanga dzakanyorwa kugara maitiro: chose zvose zvisazitasingwi ndiko Chokwadi, zvinoyerera zvichienderana kukosha. Next kune zvisazitasingwi ari oga pakuyerera hwacho munhu, munhui uye nhamba, uye nokuda kweshoko "chii", "uyo" uye kuumbwa navo zvakakodzera kutaura nokuwanda uye munhui. Zvadaro kutaura pamusoro zvechadenga dzisiri zvachose, kana ivo varipo neimwe neshoko.

The mukunopera zvinoda kuti tsanangurai sei nhengo pfungwa iri nekukatanura chisazita.