Oxygen mumvura inobva kupi? Kuwirirana kwe okisijeni nemvura. Oxygen kuzengesa kwemvura

Zvichida iye zvino kunyange vana vanoziva kuti makemikari yemvura ndeye H ₂ O. Zvisinei, iyi inyanzvi, asi chaizvoizvo kuwanda kwezvinhu, zvose zvakasikwa uye zvisingaiti, zvinoputika mumvura. Mvura yakachena, sezvinozivikanwa, haina kutora uye kunhuwa, asi ani naani anogona kuva nechokwadi chokuti pane dzakawanda zvezviitiko izvi hazvisi izvo. Mukunwa mvura, somuenzaniso, ine humwe huwandu hwemaminiti emunyu, iyo inopa mukanwa uswa. Kune rumwe rutivi, rine zvinhu zvose zvarinotaura. Kunyatsorongeka kwemvura kunoenderana nenzvimbo yedanda rayo, nokuti munzvimbo dzakasiyana inosangana nezvinhu zvakasiyana. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, makemikari achawana masimbi akaremara mumvura, pane imwe nzvimbo - zvakasiyana siyana zvezvinhu.

Rinoshanda sei?

Mvura inogadziriswa pasi rose. Mvura yakasvibiswa inofungidzirwa kuti inonyanya kuchenesa mukati memazwi emakemikari, asi mushure mechinguva inorasikirwa nehurumende yepakutanga. Uye ichi ndicho chikonzero: mvura yakadaro yakagadzikana yakagadzikana iyo yekupedzisira mafungiro emhando dzakasiyana-siyana kubva mumhepo inopinda mairi. Muzvisikwa, izvi zvinoitikawo nekuda kwebasa rinokosha rezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogara mumvura yakadzika.

Gasi mumvura

Kudururira mvura mugirazi, unogona kuona mabhesi emhepo, iyo ichava pamadziro echombo. Pamwe pamwe neshu uye zvimwe zvinhu, mvura inoputira mukati mayo uye magasi. Chokutanga, iyo nitrogen kubva mumhepo, uyewo oksijeni, carbon dioxide, uye mune dzimwe nguva achiri methane uye hydrogen sulfide. Uyezve, mvura inotonhora inoputika gasi zviri nani pane mvura inodziya, kuitira kuti pasi iite kutonhora, inowedzera kuwanda kwemagesi. Uyezve, iyo solubility inoderera nekuwedzera kutonhora.

Sources yemagesi akaparara mumvura

Asi zvinhu izvi zvose zvinobva kupi mumvura? Nitrogen, sekutonga, inopera mukushanda kwekubatana nemhepo, methane - semugumisiro wekubatana nematombo nekuparara kwedenga rezasi, uye hydrogen sulphide inoumbwa sechigadzirwa chekuora kwezvisikwa zvehupenyu. Sezvo mutemo, hydrogen sulphide iri mumvura yakadzika midzi uye haisimiri kumusoro. Nekukwirira kwayo kwepamusoro, upenyu hahugoneki, somuenzaniso, muGungwa Dzvuku pamvura yakadzika inopfuura 150-200 mamita, nekuda kwehuwandu hwemvura ine hydrogen sulphide, pane zvimwe zvisikwa zvipenyu kunze kwezvimwe mabhakitiriya.

Oxygen inogara iri mumvura. Icho chinonzi oxidizer yose, saka chinokonzera kuparara kwehydrogen sulphide, kuderedza kushandiswa kwayo. Asi oxygen inobva kupi? Nezvake, hurukuro ichave yakakosha.

Oxygen

Zvinenge zvipenyu zvose zvinoda oxygen. Vanhu vanofema mumhepo, iyo inosanganiswa yemagesi, iyo huru iyo iyo ndiyo chaizvo.

Vagari vomunharaunda yemvura vanodawo chinhu ichi, saka kuwedzera kwe okisijeni mumvura chiratidzo chinonyanya kukosha. Kazhinji zvinenge kusvika 14 mg / l, kana zvasvika kumvura yemvura, uye dzimwe nguva kunyange kupfuura. Muchidimbu chimwechete chinoyerera kubva pamapombi, okisijeni iri mune zvishoma, uye zviri nyore kutsanangura. Tora mvura shure kwekudya kwemvura inopfuura nepakati pezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekunatswa, uye kuputika oksijeni iyi inonyanya kusagadzikana. Somugumisiro wegesi kushandurana nemhepo yepakati, mazhinji acho anonyangarika. Saka oxygen inobva kupi mumvura, kana isiri kunze kwemhepo?

Kutaura zvazviri, izvi hazvisi chokwadi zvachose, zvinouyawo kubva mumhepo, asi mugove waro, wakagumurwa semugumisiro wekusangana nemhepo, inonyanya kuderera. Kuti kuwirirana kweokisijeni nemvura kuve kwakakwana, mamiriro ezvinhu anokosha anodikanwa: kutsika kwakadzika, kukonzerwa nekuderera kwema mineralization. Havasi nguva dzose vanoremekedzwa, uye hupenyu hahuna huripo muhuwandu hwahwo huripo, kana nzira chete yekuumba gasi iyi mumamiriro emvura yaiva yekubatana nemhepo. Nenzira yakanaka, kune mamwe maviri emichina, kubva kwokuti okisijeni inotorwa mumvura. Chokutanga, misikoro yakanyungudutswa yegasi inowanika muhombe yakawanda muchando nemvura yemvura, uye yechipiri - uye ichi ndicho chinhu chikuru-sechikonzero chemotoynthesis anoitwa nemiti yemvura uye phytoplankton.

Nenzira iyo, pasinei nokuti chokwadi chemvura inenge ine oksijeni, zvipenyu zvisikwa hazvikwanisi kubvisa kubva ipapo, hongu. Nokudaro, vanofanirwa kugutsikana nechikamu chakakanganiswa.

Pamusoro pekukosha kwezvinyorwa

Vanhu vashomanana muupenyu humwe vanofunga pamusoro pezvatinofema uye nei kuumbwa kwemweya chaizvoizvo. Munenge wose munhu wese anoziva kuti zvipenyu zvakawanda zvinopfurikidza kufema mweya zvinoshandiswa kune izvi zvinosanganiswa. Asi kana iri nyika-nzvimbo yemhepo, saka hapana mibvunzo. Zvino oxygen iri mumvura kupi? Sezvakaita pasi, pane zvakawanda zvinomera izvo, nekubatsirwa kwegadziriro inonzi photosynthesis, inodya chiedza uye carbon dioxide, secrete O ₂ .

Kana ichinyatsojeka, mumakumi emakore achangopfuura, pane chimwe chikonzero kana chimwe, vanhu vakaparadza chikamu chikuru chemasango. Asi hapasisina mubvunzo wenhamo yenyika yose, kunyange zvazvo nyika yehuwandu ichiri kuramba ichikura, uye oksijeni inoshandiswa
Zvakakura. Uye kunyanya kukosha munyaya iyi ndeyevashandi vanogara muNyika yeNyika, nokuti chikamu chikuru icho chiri pamari yavo kuti oxygi inogadziriswa yemvura inoitika. Zvimwe zvevanhu vavo vemarudzi uye mararamiro ezvimvura zvinodya, asi nhamba yavo inoramba yakakwana yekutora photosynthesis. Ndiko uko oxygi mumvura inobva, izvo zvinoreva, nekuda kwekushandiswa kwegesi nemhepo, uye mumhepo. Ndiyo photosynthesis ye algae - iyo inonyanya kukosha. Nenzira, inokonzerwa nemitambo iri kuitika mumiti iyo yakakosha okisijeni mumhepo yakawanda, uye ikozvino kungochengetedzwa kwekugadzirisa kwayo kusina kuitika kunoitika.

Basa rekuputika oksijeni (PK)

Pasinei nokuti chokwadi chekufema kwevanhu vanogara mumhenderekedzo yegungwa yakarongeka zvakasiyana neyevagari vomunyika-nzvimbo yemhepo, vose vanoda zvinhu zvakafanana. Chokutanga pane zvose, tiri kutaura nezvemhepo yakakosha, iyo ine basa rinokosha mubasa rinokosha rehuzhinji hwezvipenyu. Uye kana tikaibvisa kubva mumhepo, uko mugove wayo unowedzera uye usina kusimba uye inenge 21%, saka vagari vemunzizi, makungwa nemakungwa vanovimba zvikuru kuti mweya yakadini mumvura inowanikwa munzvimbo yavo. Mukuwedzera kune hove, okisijeni inodiwa zvakare kumiti. Zvisinei, zvigadzirwa zvaro zvinowanzokwirira kudarika kushandiswa kwemazinga, naizvozvo izvi hazvifaniri kukonzera kushushikana.

Kazhinji kubudirira

Nokuda kwebasa rayo rinokosha mukushanda kwemaitiro ezvisikwa, huwandu hweRK kazhinji hunotungamirirwa nekugadziriswa nevana biologist uye ecologists. Mushure mezvose, zvose zvakabatana mumasikirwo echisikigo, kuputsa gasi reyeri mune imwe gungwa kunogona kukonzera zvinetso kune vavakidzani, kana vakabatanidzwa. Semitemo, zviyero zvinotorwa kusvika masikati, panguva iyi nguva yekutengesa kwegasi mumvura inowanda inova yakakura uye inokwana 14 mg / l. Ichi chinoratidzirwa chinokonzerwa nehuwandu hwezuva nezuva uye kuchinja kwemwaka, asi haufaniri kuwira pasi pe 4 mg / l.
Kuderedza kuiswa mujeri kusvika 2 mg / l uye kudarika kunokonzera kufa kukuru kwevagari ve hydrosphere. Ichokwadi - kubva pakugunun'una. Kupera zvishoma nezvishoma munharaunda kunogona kuratidza kusvibiswa kwedombo uye kunogonawo kuguma mukufa kwevagari vemugungwa.

Muzvigadzirwa zvezvinhu zvakasikwa

Chinokosha kukosha kwemaitiro akanaka, semuenzaniso, mumvura yakadzika. Ndicho chikonzero nei zvichikosha kwete kungoisa mapampu akasiyana-siyana anokonzera mhepo mukati memvura ndokuizadza nemhepo, asi, somuenzaniso, kana zvichidiwa, simai zvinyorwa zvakasiyana-siyana pasi. Zvechokwadi, avo vane chido chakafanana, kutanga kwezvose, aesthetics yezvisikwa zvinonakidza, asi mumwe haafaniri kukanganwa nezvekugadzikana kwaro uye imwe nguva yakasimba.

Kana tichitaura nezvemahombekombe ehove, kugadzirwa kwamaparera uye mamwe mashizha emhando iyi, ipapo pamwe nekushambadzira kwezviyero zvakasiyana-siyana zvinotarisirwa kuchengetedza kukwana kwakakwana kweokisijeni yakanyungudutswa mumvura, zvinodiwa kuti nguva dzose uenzanise iyi index uchishandisa samples dzakasiyana. Kana ivo vakavakwa, zvakakosha zvikuru kuti hapana kuonana nemhepo, izvi zvinogona kukanganisa migumisiro yekuongorora.