Okufananidza zvechadenga nemapuraneti zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri: tsananguro uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Zvakaoma kufungidzira kukura wezvose. dzinotenderera zuva redu hurongwa sokuti yakakurisa, Munotatamura kubva zuva anopfuura mana tiririyoni mamaira. Asi - chete mumwe mabhiriyoni nedzimwe nyeredzi hunoumba redu Renzou.

General zvechadenga nemapuraneti zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri

Zvavaisiita Mufananidzo zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri riri sezvinotevera: 9 mapuraneti dzitendererane mukutenderera muchadenga vakapoteredza denderedzwa zvachose, nguva dzose unopfuta zuva.

Asi zvinoitwa dzomuchadenga zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri zvakawanda kunzwisisa uye dzinonakidza. Kuwedzera yavo, kune yakawanda satellites, uyewo zviuru asteroids. Kure muchadenga pamusoro Pluto, rakanga kuzivikanwa somunhu pfupi nyika, pane makumi ezviuru comets nezvimwe nechando nyika. Akasungwa negiravhiti kuna Sun, ivo dzitendererane panguva madaro marefu. The renzou iri runobva, dzichichinja, dzimwe nguva zvinoshamisa. Giravhiti simba mapuraneti pedyo sei mumwe pamusoro nguva, kuchinja nemumwe muchadenga. Hard kudhumhana pamwe asteroids mapuraneti anogona kupa pamakona itsva. Zvinoitwa zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri mapuraneti Zvinofadza nekuti dzimwe nguva yochinja okunze, nekuti atmospheres dzavo ichishanduka uye mutate.

Star Inonzi Sun

Zvinosuruvarisa kuti kuzviziva, asi zuva iri zvishoma nezvishoma vapera hunde yavo zvenyukireya mafuta. izvozvo kuchawedzera kukura dzvuku hofori nyeredzi, unopedza mapuraneti Mercury uye Venus, musi Earth sezvo tembiricha inokwira kuna zviratidzo zvakadai, kuti makungwa zvichaita sasana muchadenga, uye nyika yakaoma matombo nyika yakaita nhasi Mercury kuburikidza kwemabhiriyoni emakore. Zvaakanga vaneta yose rwemhuri Fusion zvenyukireya, zuva ipfupi kuti ukuru chena zvipfupi, uye pashure mamiriyoni emakore, yaparara somunhu goko, uve dema zvipfupi. Asi mabhiriyoni 5 apfuura, zuva uye nemapuraneti ayo 9 haana. Kune shanduro dzakawanda dzakasiyana zviri kuwanika yepasi pose gasi makore uye zuva guruva sezvinoita protostar uye ayo ezvinhu, asi nemhaka mabhiriyoni kwemakore renyukireya Fusion murume ano vakamucherekedza sezvariri ikozvino.

Pamwe Earth uye nevamwe dzomuchadenga nyeredzi vakatumidza Sun akaberekwa anenge mabhiriyoni 4,6 apfuura kubva hombe gore muguruva, izvo tenderera ari muchadenga. nyeredzi Our - bhora unopfuta gasi, kana zvaibvira kuyera zuva, nechiyero kuti aratidze 1990 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 makirogiramu nyaya zvinosanganisira hydrogen nehelium.

simba regiravhiti

Giravhiti, maererano masayendisiti, risingazivikanwi chakavanzika muchadenga. Kukwezva Uyu ndomumwe nyaya mumwe uye chii chinoita mapuraneti dzinoumba bhora. Giravhiti kwezuva riri simba zvokuti kuchengeta 9 mapuraneti, satellites uye hwakawanda zviuru asteroids uye comets. Zvose izvi inoitwa vakapoteredza zuva zvisingaonekwi neshinda regiravhiti. Asi kuwedzera kure pakati muchadenga anoramba kukwezvana simba nokukurumidza pakati pavo. Zvinoitwa dzomuchadenga zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri kunobva negiravhiti. Somuenzaniso, Kukwezva Pluto kuna Sun iduku zvikuru pane simba kukwezvana pakati zuva uye Mercury kana Venus. Zuva Nenyika vari wezvikamu vakwezvane, asi nekuda ndechokuti vazhinji zuva iri yakakura, uye kukwezvana kwake kupfuura simba. Okufananidza zvechadenga nemapuraneti zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri richakubatsira kunzwisisa huru zviri nechimwe mapuraneti.

The chezuva vaifamba kwakasiyana-siyana vari muchadenga, richisvika zvose pfumbamwe mapuraneti kuti muchadenga pezuva. Asi zvichienderana kure sei nyika, zvinouya zvakasiyana yakawanda chiedza, saka siyana zvechadenga mapuraneti ari renzou.

Mercury

On Mercury, pedyo chaizvo Sun, nyika, zuva rinowanika ka3 zvakawanda zvichienzaniswa yepanyika zuva. Zuva pemvura Mercury anogona kuva blindingly wakajeka. Asi denga rima kunyange masikati, nekuti haina ezvinhu kurova uye kupararira chiedza chezuva. Kana zuva rine dombo nzvimbo Mercury, tembiricha inogona kusvika kusvika 430 C. Asi zvisinei kupisa usiku hwose akadzoka takasununguka muchadenga, uye tembiricha yepasi pevhu anogona kusiyira kusvika -173 C.

Venus

Zvinoitwa zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri mapuraneti (Grade 5 kudzidza nyaya ino) zvinotungamirira kuna nehanya padyo Terran nyika - Venus. Venus, nyika yechipiri kubva zuva, akapoteredzwa ezvinhu izvo kazhinji ine gasi - carbon dioxide. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro kunoramba vaichengeta makore sulfuric acid. Sezvineiwo, pasinei nokuti Venus zvikuru kure kubva zuva kupfuura Mercury, ayo pamusoro tembiricha iri yepamusoro uye rinosvika 480 C. Chikonzero ichi, carbon dioxide mabasa, inova girinihausi gasi maturo uye anochengeta kupisa panyika. Venus ane zvakafanana Ukuru arambe achirema enyika, asi ehupfumi zvomumhepo dzinokanganisa zvinhu zvipenyu. Nemakemikari kubereka makore acids vanokwanisa Kuparadzwa vatungamirire, gaba nematombo. Uyezve, Venus rinosanganisira zviuru anoputika uye nzizi dhaka kuti akaumbwa mamiriyoni emakore. Pedyo pemvura Venus 'mhepo iri ka50 denser kupfuura Earth muchadenga. Saka, zvose zvinhu kuti kupinda kuburikidza kuti putika vasati anotumirwa pemvura. Masayendisiti akawana Venus sandara makwapa 400, imwe neimwe iri kubva 29 kusvika 48? Km mu dhayamita. It - meteorites mavanga kuti raputika pamusoro nyika pevhu.

pasi

Nyika apo isu tose vagere, rakanakira ratinoona netembiricha mamiriro upenyu, nekuti hwedu muchadenga rinoumbwa zvikurukuru senitrogen uye okisijeni. Masayendisiti akaratidza kuti Pasi inotenderera zuva, Akasendamira rimwe divi. Zvechokwadi, nzvimbo nyika dzikatsauka kurudyi pakona yorusvingo kusvikira 23.5 inegumi. izvozvi, uyewo ukuru hwaro, maererano masayendisiti, pasi redu akagashira pashure kudhumhana simba pamwe yepasi pose muviri. Ndiwo mafungiro ichi Earth anoumba mwaka: yechando, chitubu, zhizha kwematsutso.

Mars

Pashure Earth ndiye Mars. On Mars, zuva rinoita katatu duku pane Panyika. Chete chetatu zvenyika, zvichienzaniswa nezvavanoona vanhu, anogamuchira Mars. Uyezve, pasi pano zvinowanzoitika madutu, kukwidza tsvuku guruva pachiso. Asi, zvakadaro, mumazuva musi Mars muzhizha, tembiricha inogona kusvika 17 C, uyewo Earth. Mars chatsvuka nokuda simbi oxide zvicherwa kubva ivhu raro mwoyo yakatsvukuruka - orange chiedza chezuva, mune mamwe mashoko, Martian ivhu rinoumbwa yakawanda ruosteessa simbi, saka kakawanda kudana Mars dzvuku nyika. Mars mhepo iri sparse chaizvo -1 chikamu ari arambe achirema enyika yakapoteredza. The kuitika nyika ine carbon dioxide. Masayendisiti vanobvuma kuti pasi pano kamwe, anenge mabhiriyoni 2 years ago, vaiva nzizi uye mvura iri mvura ezvinhu, uye mhepo yaiva okisijeni, nekuti simbi akafukidzwa nengura chete ari kudyidzana pamwe okisijeni. Zvinogoneka kuti zviri kuitika Mars aimbova yakakodzera chidzoke upenyu pasi pano.

Panyaya makemikari omuviri parameters pazasi chinoratidza hunhu zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri mapuraneti (tafura nemapuraneti pano).

Sezvaunogona kuona, makemikari anoumba chadenga pakati mapuraneti matatu akasiyana chaizvo.

Ndiwo hunhu zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri mapuraneti. The apa tafura rinoratidza zvakajeka nhamba makemikari akasiyana-siyana, uyewo kufurirwa, tembiricha uye mvura Kuwanikwa mumwe nomumwe wavo, saka kuti vakawanda pfungwa nezvazvo iye zvino vakanga vasina kushanda.

Hofori of Solar System

Nokuti Mars muri mapuraneti hofori anoumbwa zvikurukuru negasi. Interesting Unhu zvokunyama dzomuchadenga zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri akadai Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus uye Neptune.

Hofori All akafukidzwa marongera ramakore, uye ose hunotevedzana anogamuchira kubva Sun chiedza zvishoma. With Jupiter Sun sokunge cheshanu nezvavanoona vanhu. Jupiter - nyika iri zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri rinezvigaro saizi. Under namakore matema amoniya uye mvura Jupiter akafukidzwa simbi yomugungwa mvura rehydrogen. Chepfungwa nyika ndiyo kuvapo hofori dzvuku patepi mumakore yakarembera pamusoro wayo ikweta. Ichi chikuru dutu kureba kusvika 48 000 km iyo rotates panyika kwemakore anopfuura 300. Saturn - nyika iri Solar System dzinoratidza. On Saturn, chiedza chezuva kunyange simba, asi richiri simba zvakakwana kujekesa guru chindori ezvinhu panyika. Zviuru zvindori, acho kazhinji echando, sunlit, achiishandura vave hofori yeChina nechiedza.

zvindori Saturn kwakaita vasina kudzidza asi masayendisiti earthlings. Mune dzimwe shanduro, vakanga yakaumbwa nokuda kudhumhana rweshamwari yake aine kometi kana asteroid, uye pasi simba regiravhiti kunge ikava mhete hombe.

The puraneti Uranus - chando nyika, iyo iri pamusoro chiedza chikuru pane chinhambwe mabhiriyoni 2,9 makiromita. Its avhareji mumhepo tembiricha kuti -177 C. nyika ino uye yakakura kurereka, uye inotenderera zuva apo norutivi rwayo, uye kunyange negwara.

Pluto

Nyika iri kure kwazvo 9 - nechando Pluto - chinovhenekera chiedza iri kure kuchitonhora, uye riri mabhiriyoni 5.8 makiromita uye anotarisa nyeredzi inopenya mune rima denga. puraneti rino diki saka uye kure Earth kuti masayendisiti kuziva nezvazvo vakasvimha. pamusoro wayo une senitrogen chando, kuti mumwe chimurenga vakakomba zuva, inoda anenge 284 Earth makore. Zuva ino haisi vakasiyana mabhiriyoni nedzimwe nyeredzi.

Full characterization Mapuraneti munyika nenyika dzinotenderera pariri

Table (5-graders vari kudzidza nyaya iyi nezvedzinza) iri pazasi, haagoni chete pfungwa pamusoro dzomuchadenga zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri, asi anopa mukana enzanisa navo dzinokosha parameters.

Sezvaunogona kuona, Earth-kufanana nemapuraneti redu renyeredzi imomo. characterization Mapuraneti munyika nenyika dzinotenderera pariri (Table 5 kirasi) The pamusoro zvinoita kuti tikwanise kunzwisisa izvi.

mhedziso

tsananguro pfupi dzomuchadenga zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri kuchaita vaverengi vanoshamba munyika ine nzvimbo uye yeuka kuti chero vanhu ndivo chete zvisikwa pakati wezvose uye nyika yakavapoteredza vanofanira kuramba kudzivirira, kuchengetedza uye kudzorera.