Nichrome-waya: unhu uye mafomu

Zvigadzirwa zvemazuva ano zvinoita yakakwirira yaanoti chokupika zvayo constituent zvinhu zvinenge chaiko uchishandisa ezvinhu. Mumwe yepamusorosoro alloys ndiyo nichrome. Waya namano zvine nayo, husingakwanisi utsinye ezvinhu nokushanda.

History yakawanikwa

The chiwanikwa iri nickel-chromium remubatanidzwa uye zvakasiyana wedzera simbi, manganese, aruminiyamu nesilicon.

Pakutanga ndaiva nzira mbiri mavambo. Midzi kwesainzi mumunda chainge chakagadzirwa nesimbi alloying uye kunatsiridza zvivako zvavo. Ni uye Kr - zvinoumba yepamusoro ngura nemishonga uye nokupisa nemishonga steels.

Sezvo miviri-chinoumba chiwanikwa kuti nickel uye chromium, zvakanzi yakawanikwa 1906 muna USA. Nhasi anoshanda okunatsiridza siyana, kusanganisira zvitatu-simbi anotsanangura.

Key ehupfumi

The mashoko ano kudziyisa midziyo yemagetsi kuti mhuri uye mumaindasitiri kushandiswa hadzina nichrome waya. ehupfumi Its tichingamidze soro kwesayenzi zvinodiwa.

1. Electrical resistivity mukati 1100-1400 Ohm * m.
2. Utsotso pfungwa - vanenge 1400˚S, vachibvumira anoshanda 800-1100˚S. Muganhu nokuti mashandiro kunobva murwiyo. Saka, muchoto tigutsikane kunoderedza kuti 850-900˚S, nokuti akachena binary ndiye 1100˚S.
3. Density 8000-8500 makirogiramu / m ^3.
4. High simba (σ _mu = 650-700 MPa); zviratidzi akachengetwa pasi acidic kungatikanganisa ezvinhu uye yakawanda tembiricha.
5. ductility Good pamwe exponential pokuoma achibvumira tikaisa uye richiswedera.

chinosiyanisa zvinhu

Pakati zvikuru nevanhu magetsi zvigadzirwa kutengeswa - Nichrome waya. The resistivity pamusoro chikamu ichi electric kudziyisa midziyo yemagetsi chaizvo yakakwirira, unokubvumira kuva yakafarikana kudiwa.

Chinokosha zvesimbi ndiko kurwisa wayo mukuru tembiricha oxidation uye kungatikanganisa pasi kwomuzvarirwo ezvinhu. A rinokosha iri kuridzwa Chrome pano. Eremendi rinoonekwa pose chaienzanirana imwe oxide firimu, iyo anoita unodzivirira basa. Hazvina basa unoenderana nerima ruvara zvinhu kuti kuchatsiviwa anozivikanwa chena-ndachena munguva zvokuimba kubviswa oxidized rukoko.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti zvakananga kuonana acids achiri anouparadza, kunyange kupfuura ngura nemishonga tungsten.

Two-chinoumba chiwanikwa ane simba rinonzi magnetic ehupfumi. Ivo kuitikira vakawanda okunatsiridza, asi kwakaderedza unongotaura.

Nichrome waya haina kuenzana, haagoni nyore kufurirwa nesimba.

Systematize ruzivo kuda kuziva kuti Nichrome waya, kunyanya sei kusiyanisa kubva kwokunze kana zvakafanana nezvinhu:

1. White simbi itsva, rima - kare yakatanga.
2. Negative kana kunyora nezvavo rinobva.
3. Rigidity.
4. Kuparadzwa kuburikidza acids, oxidation kutsiga pasi pokudzora dzakakwirira tembiricha.

vakapiswa Nomenclature

Huripo pezvitsiga yakasiyana sezvamunoita, vanonyepera chikuva Nichrome chiwanikwa. The waya ane kushandiswa kukuru, zvakatemwa nomunhu pachake ehupfumi neimwe.

• Group 1 - resistor zvinhu: H20N80, H20N73YUM-VI, VI-N80HYUD, H15N60.
• Group 2 - Metal kudziyisa zvinhu nezvezvipfuwo uye mumaindasitiri kushandiswa vaine unhu kupisa nemishonga: H20N80-H-VI, H15N60-N, N-HN70YU, H20N80-H HN20YUS.
• Group 3 - kuti kushanda pa tembiricha kumusoro 900˚S: N50K10, Kh25N20.

The dhayamita of Nichrome waya boka rokutanga riri 0,009-0,4 neMM, uye wechipiri - 0,2-7,5 mm.

"Nokuhama" vari Cantal kana fehrali - chromium alloys, aruminiyamu uye simbi. Vanewo dzinoratidzwa yakakwirira magetsi resistivity, kuramba kupisa mukati 1250-1400˚S, asi zvishoma akavimbika, kunyange pasi ukoshi (H23YU5, H13YU4, H23YU5T, H27YU5T, H15YU5).

achiongorora zvaive inoratidza

Properties uye nokushandisa zvigadzirwa kubva nichrome takatsunga ne kwayo makemikari anoumba. Funga zvihombe.

• H20N73YUM-VI: chromium - 20% nickel - 73% aruminiyamu - 3% molybdenum - 1.5% manganese - kusvika 0.3% titanium - 0,05%, simbi - 2%, carbon - kuti 0,05%; zvakanyunguduka aine Vacuum induction nzira;
• HN70YU-H: Kr - 27%, Ni - 70%, Al - 3%, MN - kusvika 0,3%, Cs - kusvika 0,03%, Ba - kusvika 0,1%, Fe - 1.5% , C - 0.1%; nokuti yemagetsi kudziyisa zvinhu;
• HN20YUS: Kr - 20%, Ni - 20%, Al - 1%, Zn - kusvika 0,2%, Ca - kusvika 0,1%, Si - 2,5%, Fe - 50%, C - kusvika 0, 08% - Heaters kuti maindasitiri yamavira.

marudzi zvinogadzirwa

Selection chipi chiwanikwa iyo kunoratidzwa yepamusoro zviripo uye zvemaziso maitiro, inofanira makateyiwa uye inodzorwa. Kunyanya kana totaura kudhura. Saka munhu yepamusorosoro uye zvinhu zvinodhura ndiyo nichrome waya. GOST 8803-89, 12766.1-90, 12766.3-90, 12766.4-90 inorondedzera zvinodiwa, zvinhu uye zvichiratidza mafomu. Maererano nemitemo uye zvichienderana chiso features, chicherwa chinopiwa kutengeswa muchimiro waya kana tepi, pakusarudza icho kunobva dhayamita, muchinjikwa chikamu, urefu, chaicho kushandiswa.

A dzakakodzera bhuku iri harikunguruswi pamusoro maindasitiri kugadzira tepi kunzvenganzvenga, yakazvimoneredza waya.

Product Specification

Kana uchisarudza zvigadzirwa kubva nichrome kunokosha funga zvinotevera zviri:

• chezita resistivity;
• dhayamita, muchinjikwa chikamu uye uremu;
• chaiwo impedance uye uchishandisa tembiricha neeSultan zvichienderana panyama parameters.

The aizviti tsika chikuru parametric unhu pakutsvaga GOST uye kuvimba mugiredhi uye nziyo.

Nichrome waya-dhayamita anosarudza yayo muchinjikwa-chikamu uye runoenzanirana uremu skein vavariro nemishonga.

Saka, kurema waya (nichrome) 100 metres chigadzirwa zviri Proportional wacho kukura zvakananga, uye dhayamita uye sectional nzvimbo - iri inversely Proportional kune chaiko nemishonga.

The uchishandisa tembiricha hakubvi chete pane makemikari anoumba, asi pamusoro parametric unhu.

The dhayamita of waya kuitwa zvinoberekwa vagadziri, zviri mukati 0,05-12 mm uye matepi - 0,15-3,2 mm.

kunyoresa

Quality nguva kupembedza mutengo. Izvi zvinoshandawo kune Nichrome chiwanikwa. Wire uye micheka iyi zvinhu zvinonzi nevakawanda anoshandiswa munzvimbo chero nedzimwe simbi vasingagoni kutsiva navo. High magetsi nemishonga, oxidation nemishonga, yepamusoro zvemaziso ehupfumi, kusanganisira kungatikanganisa runyararo, mukuru tembiricha anodawo mamiriro - izvi zvose zvinogona kushandiswa muminda siyana.

Munguva indasitiri:

• Thermocouples metallurgic yemagetsi yamavira.
• Structural zvinhu nokuti induction simbi-kubvunda michina.
• Industrial kufefetedza kuomesa.
• Mativi boilers nokupisa exchangers.
• Electrical kugadzirwa: resistors uye rheostats.
• Vamwe electrodes kuti nomoto.
• Single uye multi-kondakita magetsi waya.

Ndicho chikuru STRUCTURAL chezvinonhuwira zvose midziyo yemagetsi ano:

• Heating zvinhu mu dzemagetsi kettles, mvura Heaters, boilers, Heaters.
• Heating zvinhu zviri bvudzi dryers, Curling simbi, simbi.
• Automotive makenduru kudziyisa hurongwa uye.
• Electronic midzanga.

Zvichida mutengo - chete drawback Nichrome zvinhu. Wire bicomponent mhando nickel-chromium zvichava anodhura. Zviri simbi uye kwakaderedza uwandu nickel, akavapindurawo, chengetedza mari yakaderera, asi regai kupa mikana Cr20Ni80. Kusarudza kunobva rwokugadzira zvinodiwa.

Kusarudza zvigadzirwa kubva nichrome chaizvoizvo anoshanda pamwe mashoko makemikari anoumba mubereko kuti zvizivikanwe, ayo zvemagetsi conductivity uye kuramba, zvechadenga dhayamita mumuviri, muchinjikwa-sectional kureba. Sezvineiwo kufarira kuMudzidzisi mapepa, uyewo kukwanisa nemaziso kusiyanisa chiwanikwa kubva kwayo "vakwikwidzi". Zvakanaka yasarudzwa zvinhu - kiyi rakavimbika zvokushandisa uye mabikirwo kwayo kuroorana.