Nhatu-dimensional nzvimbo yezvinhu zvenyika

Nhatu-dimensional nzvimbo ndiyo mienzaniso ye geometric yenyika yatinogara. Zvitatu-dimensional, inodanwa nokuti tsanangudzo yayo inofananidzwa nevatatu vector vector, ine nhungamiro yakareba, yakafara uye yakakwirira. Pfungwa yechitatu-dimensional nzvimbo inokura pazera remakore uye inobatana zvakananga nekubatanidzwa kwevanhu. Ukuru hwekutarisa kwake kunoenderana nekukwanisa kwekuona kwepasi rakamupoteredza uye kukwanisa kuziva zviyero zvitatu nekubatsirwa kwemashoko.

Maererano neantictic geometry, nzvimbo yechitatu-dimension pane imwe neimwe yemashoko ayo inorondedzerwa nezvikamu zvitatu zvezvikamu, zvinonzi zvibatanidzwa. Izvo zvikwangwani zvehutano, zvinowanikwa zvakasiyana-siyana kune mumwe nemumwe, zvinoumba mavambo pamucheto wepakati, iyo ine nhamba yakakosha. Nzvimbo yechinhu chipi nechipi munzvimbo inogadziriswa nechekuita kune matatu ematare ehurumende ane nhamba yakasiyana yenhamba pane imwe nguva yakapiwa. Nhatu-dimensional nzvimbo pane imwe neimwe yepfungwa dzayo imwechete inotsanangurwa nhamba nhatu dzinofananidzwa nechokuita kubva kunotsanangudzo pane imwe neimwe yezvibatanidza kusvika kune imwe nzvimbo yekupindirana neane ndege inopiwa. Iko kunewo zvirongwa zvakarongeka zvakadai semasangano edzikomba uye emagetsi.

Mune algebra yakafanana, pfungwa yechitatu-dimensional measure inotsanangurwa nemusana wekusununguka kwakasiyana. Nzvimbo yepanyama inotatu-inotenderera nokuti kukwirira kwechinhu chero chipi zvacho hazvirevi paurefu uye urefu. Yakarondedzerwa mumutauro weargebra yakatarwa, nzvimbo yacho mitatu-inotenderera nokuti imwe neimwe yepfungwa dzayo inogona kugadziriswa nekubatanidzwa kwevatatu vecherechedzo vanozvimiririra ivo pachavo. Muchirevo ichi, chirevo chenguva-nguva chinoreva chinamato-chinomwe, nokuti nzvimbo yechinhu panguva yakasiyana-siyana haifaniri kutarisa nzvimbo yayo munzvimbo.

Dzimwe nzvimbo dzine nzvimbo nhatu-dimension dzakasiyana kwazvo nedzimwe nzvimbo munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Semuenzaniso, pfumo rakasungirirwa pamusoro pembambo iri munzvimbo yekudzika kwepakati. Mitemo yakawanda yepanyama inobatana ne-matatu-dimensional dimensional space, somuenzaniso, mitemo yezvikwereti. Nhatu-dimensional nzvimbo inogona kuva ne-maviri-dimensional, imwe-dimensional uye zero-dimensional spaces, iyo pachayo inofananidzwa sechikamu chemuenzaniso wechina-dimensional space.

Izvo isotropy yedenga chimwe chezvinhu zvayo zvinokosha mu classical mechanics. Inonzi isotropic nzvimbo inodanwa nokuti kana ruzivo rwekutaridzirwa rwakachinjwa kune chero ruzivo rwakasarudzwa, hapana kuchinja mumigumisiro yekuyera kunowanikwa. Murairo wekuchengetedza kwechimbichimbi chinotaridzika unobva pane isotropic nzvimbo yepakati. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mune nzvimbo dzose mazano akaenzana uye hapana nharo yakasiyana nedudziro yehurukuro yakazvimirira yekuenzanisa. Isotropy ine zvimwe zvakafanana mumuviri mune zvose zvingaita. Nokudaro, isotropic nzvimbo inzvimbo iyo maitiro edzimba haafaniri kutungamirirwa.