The nemamiriro muramba. The nemamiriro Scyphozoa

Pakati hwemvura invertebrates - vagari makungwa, boka zvipenyu inonzi scyphoids. Vane mbiri zvoutachiona siyana - polypoid uye medusoid hwokuratidza yakaitwa dzavo uye nzira youpenyu. Nyaya ino ichaongorora sechivako muramba, uyewo zvinhu hwake.

General unhu Class scyphoids

Utachiona uhwu vari mhando coelenterates uye vari chete zvomugungwa. Scyphomedusae, mifananidzo zviri pasi apa vane bhero kana amburera Maumbirwe muviri, uye ihwo - yakajeka uye gelatinous, une mesogloea. Nemhuka dzose mukirasi iyi ndiyo hurongwa wechipiri kubudikidza vatengi uye zvokudya pamusoro zooplankton.

Nokuti zvinenge hwokuratidza TOUR (TOUR) symmetry pamusoro muviri: anatomically kufanana zvikamu, uyewo nyama uye nhengo dzinongoda radially kubva longitudinal centre akabatana. It tinoberekwa mhuka, tinyerere akayangarara mumvura mbiru, uyewo avo rudzi kuti vari ndakagara (anemones) kana zvishoma nezvishoma zvinokambaira achitevedza substrate (Starfish, gungwa urchins).

External mamiriro. dzinogarisana

Sezvo scyphoids Vamiririri vane lifeforms maviri - muramba uye polyps, tarisai yakaitwa kwavo, rine zvimwe kusiyana. Pakutanga tikaongorora kwokunze nemamiriro muramba. Akashandura mhuka nechigadziko bhero pasi, tinowana muromo bordered ne tentacles. It anoita Mabasa zviviri: rokutora zvikamu zvokudya uye anobvisa mapfupa undigested kunze. Utachiona yakadaro inonzi protostomes. Pemhuka muviri kaviri rukoko chinosanganisira ectoderm uye endoderm. Yokupedzisira anoteya dumbu (the gastric) mhango. Nokudaro zita: zvaimirirwa coelenterates.

Musiyano uri pakati akaturikidzana muviri yakazara ine läpinäkyvä mondo-kufanana guru - mesoglea. Masero Ectodermal anoshanda rutsigiro, injini uye unodzivirira ushande. The mhuka ine ganda-tsandanyama chikwama, ichipa kufamba kwayo mumvura. The anatomical nemamiriro muramba riri nani yakaoma, sezvo ecto- uye endoderm vari kusiyaniswa kupinda siyana muchitokisi mhando. Kunze rokufukidza uye tsandanyama kuruvazhe rukoko iri masero mamwe zvenguva, rokuzvivandudza rakaita kuti irambe uchishandisa kuchiitwa (izvo zvinogona adzikunure mugove dzaparadzwa muviri mhuka).

Sezvineiwo sechivako neurocytes mu scyphoids. Ndivo nyeredzi-yakaumba pezvakaitwa dzavo entwine kuti ectoderm uye endoderm, zvichiumba zvisumbu - edunhu. Tsinga iri mhando inonzi diffuse.

Endoderm chacho mabasa

Yomukati rukoko siyana panguva scyphoids gastrovascular hurongwa kubva intestinal lumen mwaranzi abve zvomudumbu migero mudungwe ne glandular (secreting ari zvomudumbu muto) uye masero phagocytic. zvivako Ndivo masero huru kuti kuputsa zvokudya zvacho. The kugaya kubatanidzwawo ganda uye tsandanyama marongerwo pahombodo. Vanoumba pseudopods Kamudzira, uye hunofadza munhu retractors Organic inoramba. Phagocytic masero uye pseudopods kugaya rinoitwa mhando mbiri: intracellular (akafanana protists) uye cavitary yokusafa zvikuru yakarongwa mhuka zvipuka zvine masero akawanda.

masero anopedza

Tichidzidza chimiro Scyphozoa uye funga mashandiro naro mhuka vanodzivirirwa, uyewo kurwiswa munhu zvinogona akuvara. In scyphoids pane rimwe hurongwa zita: Cnidarians kirasi. Zvakaratidza kuti ari ectodermal layer vari vakaronga masero anokosha - yorukato, kana anopedza, achiri kunzi knidotsitami. Vari chiri kumativi muromo napamusoro pezvipfuwo tentacles. Pasi zvinoitwa zvokuimba mikana yakawanda yokukurudzira shinda riri Kamudzira yorukato masero nokukurumidza vabudiswa uye rinobaya mumuviri wemunhu. Scyphoids muchetura, rakapinza knidotsel zvinouraya kuti plankton invertebrates uye hove mazana. Muvanhu Vakamwisa zviratidzo urticaria uye ganda hyperthermia.

pfungwa

Pamwe kumicheto ari muramba bhero, Photo akapa pazasi, unogona kuona kutapudzwa tentacles, akadana masero muganhu - rhopalium. maviri kutsinga dzinouya nhengo inowanikwa kwavari: pamberi (meso kuti vakaitei chiedza) uye zvakanyatsoenzana (statocysts, vane mufananidzo reraimu hurungudo). Avo rubatsiro scyphoids kudzidza pamusoro kuuya dutu: ruzha mafungu kuwanda 8 kusvika 13 Hz tsamwisa statocysts uye mhuka nokukurumidza anoenda yakadzika mugungwa.

Dzokubereka nadzo uye kubereka

Uchidzidza sechivako muramba (mufananidzo pasi apa), ichanyanya pamusoro dzokubereka nadzo scyphoids. It chinomirirwa gonads, homwe vakaumba gastric mhango rine ectodermal mavambo. Sezvo mhuka idzi dioecious, zai nourume kubuda kuburikidza muromo uye muchangosangana kunoitika mumvura. Zygote anotanga kupwanya uye wezvamatongerwe chete-rukoko utachiona - blastula, uye pairi - dukutu inonzi planuly.

It floats pachena, ari ipapo vasiyana substrate uye inova polyp (stsifistomu). Rinogona ichatungira, asi ndiyo kugonawo strobilation. Wezvamatongerwe wemagazini muduku muramba inonzi esters. Vari vasiyana nechepakati mugodhi. The nemamiriro muramba, vakanyarara kubva strobe, ndouyu: ine TOUR gwara gadziriro, muromo, tentacles, rhopalium uye kutanga zvounzenza mumasero.

Saka mamiriro wakasiyana muramba asexual stsifistomy vanhu ine wanamatira pemvura nomukombiyuta padzinde rimwe conical chimiro uye kukura 1-3 mm. Mukanwa vakakomba korona tentacles, uye gastric mhango akakamurwa 4 muhomwe.

How kutama scyphoids

Medusa inokwanisa ndege propulsion. Iye payakakurudzirwa achisunda mugove mvura uye kunoita mberi. Amburera hwemhuka panguva imwe chete airarama 100-140 nguva paminiti. Kudzidza maumbirwo Scyphozoa Somuenzaniso, kana Rhizostoma Aurelia, tataura zvakadaro hurongwa anatomical sezvinoita ganda-tsandanyama zai. It riri muna ectoderm, masero yakakodzera kwayo efferent Neural pamupendero faibha marin'i nodes. Excitation iri inoparadzirwa ganda-tsandanyama zvivako, saka kuti amburera iri compressed, ipapo mhirizhonga, kukuvadza mhuka mberi.

Zvinoumba ikoroji scyphoids

Vamiririri ava vekirasi coelenterates nevakawanda ushamwari mumakungwa, uye muchando peArctic mvura. Aurelia - Scyphozoa, muviri mamiriro iyo taidzidza, anogara Black, Azov. Pane kwakapararira uye mumwe mumiririri mukirasi iyi - Rhizostoma (rizostoma). Ake samafuta-chena amburera dzepepuru kana zvitema micheto uye protuberances dzaiita lobes akafanana midzi. Pazororo muCrimea vashanyi vanonyatsoziva izvi mhando uye edza kuva nokuita zvokuishambidza vamiririri vake sezvo anopedza masero mhuka inogona kukonzera "kutsva" yakanyanya muviri. Ropilema, uyewo Aurelia, anogara yeGungwa Japan. Ruvara kwake rhopalium vaaleanpunainen kana yero, uye vane dzakawanda munwe-zvakadai growths. Mesoglea amburera vose kwemarudzi inoshandiswa mukicheni pamusoro China uye Japan akadana "sekristaro nyama."

Tsianeya - ugere kutonhora kweArctic mvura, ndiyo chikuru muramba. Length tentacles ayo rinosvika 30-35 m, uye amburera dhayamita - 2-3.5 mamita Lion raMwari Mane kana tsianeya Hairy ane subspecies maviri :. Japanese yebhuruu. Uturu anopedza masero riri kumicheto amburera uye pamusoro tentacles, ndiyo ngozi chaizvo kuvanhu.

Tadzidza nemamiriro Scyphozoa, uye ndikabhabhatidzwa vakajairana peculiarities muupenyu hwavo.