Neuroblastoma nevana, 4 pechikuva. Zvinokonzera, zviratidzo, zviratidzo, fungidziro. neuroblastoma vabatwe mwana

Neuroblastoma - mumwe kenza aimunzwira tsitsi tsinga. Kazhinji, chirwere ichi dzakaonekwa muvana vaduku. Panguva Chaiyo kwayo kuonekwa kunowedzera mikana pakupora zvakakwana. Kubva zvinhu ino uchadzidza kuti chirambe chirwere, chii zviratidzo zviri pamwe, apo kurapwa kunodiwa.

Amazing nature neuroblastoma ari mwana

Neuroblastoma - vakawanda bundu iri akaipa hunhu. Nezvokuvandudzika anenge 15% vose yakashuma nyaya anomera ari neonatal nguva uye muduku. Nyanzvi Kazhinji anoratidza bundu muvana kusvikira pamakore mashanu, asi pane zviitiko hosha iri kuyaruka 11 uye kunyange makore 15. With kukura mwana zvichida kusangana chirwere ichi achinyengera ipfupi ose gore.

Kuzvimba neuroblasts, maererano vanachiremba nayo, hwakapiwa simba nemano kunoshamisa. Zvinonyanya hasha uye asingatani metastasis chero chikamu muviri. Kakawanda vanotambura kwayakaita remafupa uye nhengo dzinobudisa hurongwa. Dzimwe nguva vanachiremba ngadzirambe neuroblast kukura foci nokupesana kwavo haizopereri inotungamirwa anomera. Iye pakutanga metastasizes, ipapo kumbomira kukura kwayo uye otanga kubva atanga. Malignancies imwe mhando haana dzinoratidzwa zviratidzo zvakadai.

Brain neuroblastoma muvana yakatanga kuongororwa nemasayendisiti kubva kuGermany, Rudolfom Virhovym muna 1865. The chiremba anonzi bundu "glioma." A emakore mashoma musayendisiti American Dzheyms Rayt Akaongorora muudzame neoplasm uye akatsanangura zvakadzama nedanho raro inotungamirwa.

Kutanga zvokukura neuroblastoma

Kufanana mimwe kenza namamota, neuroblastoma kuvana anoenda kuburikidza wandei zvokukura pave kwakajairika, kunorondedzerwa unokubvumira kupa zvinobudirira kurapwa:

• Stage 1 kunoratidzwa pamberi resectable anomera vane saizi hakuiti kupfuudza 5 cm uye kusavapo node raiva pedyo nebundu metastases.
• Step 2Vanhu. Uchapupu vemunyika namamota, zvakawanda zvacho pasi rokubvisa.
• Step 2b. Node raiva pedyo nebundu metastases kuitika unilaterally.
• Step 3. Tichishivirira chitarisiko bilateral anomera.
• Step 4 (A-B). Neoplasm kunowedzera, pane metastasis kuna mumwongo chiropa uye node nodes.

Tinofanira kufunga kuti wokupedzisira padariro dzichiri neuroblastoma muvana. Step 4 kwakasiyana haana chairwo zvoutachiona zvatariswa neoplasias kuzorora, ane fungidziro yakanaka, uye kana nenguva kurapa anopa refu wokurarama.

The kukonzera mota kukura

Neuroblastoma, uyewo dzimwe mhando kenza, hunotanga pamusoro pakanyorwa masero kunotouraya iri muviri. Pari, vanamazvikokota havagoni kutaura kuti kunoita kuti tibvunze kuchinja izvi. Zvinofungirwa kuti basa reDare vanonzi carcinogenic zvinhu, kureva, makemikari uye nemwaranzi. The zvichiguma mutation masero kutanga kuwanda, pova bundu. Akaipa neoplasm dzinoratidzwa kukwanisa kuudza chinosiyanisa kubva benign.

Mutation kuti Nokumukira paumbwe neuroblastoma kuchimuka munguva fetus kana huchangogadzwa mwana. Naizvozvo, varwere vakawanda - grudnichki. Nezvekwakabva bundu inotanga muna neuroblasts. Izvi saibva masero etsinga, izvo yakaumbwa muna mudumbu panguva yayo intrauterine kukura. Mumazuva chakaipa kuita pamuviri neuroblasts vanoti mashandiro etsinga fibers kana masero vane basa paumbwe adrenal mumasero.

vazhinji vavo kare matongosika nguva yokuberekwa mwana. masero saibva kazhinji kunyangarika. Kana pathological muitiro neuroblasts panguva jana ichi kuva bundu. The chete uchapupu kenza chinhu - nemagene kubatwa. Zvisinei, ngozi nhaka chirwere hakuiti pfuura 2%.

Kakawanda, vanachiremba rokuongorora retroperitoneal neuroblastoma, yaanofarira nharaunda umo localization - the adrenal mumasero. Tichingotarisa, bundu angamuka chero mumuviri. Retroperitoneal neuroblastoma muvana kuitika muna 50% nyaya, 30% wevarwere yakatanga bundu nodules tsinga yacho lumbar nharaunda, dzasara 20% vanosarudza kuti localization muromo wechibereko urege uye thoracal.

Sei bundu?

Panguva kutanga pavaipfuura pathological muitiro dzakananga zviratidzo hadzina kuchengetwa. Naizvozvo, bundu Kazhinji mamwe zvirwere wakananga zera iri boka.

Zviratidzo neuroblastoma muvana kuitika zvichienderana nenzvimbo localization namamota, nzvimbo metastatic kupararira uye mwero vasoactive zvinhu. Kazhinji, chikuru bundu raiva pedyo nebundu iri retroperitoneal nzvimbo, kutaura zvazviri munyika adrenal mumasero. Mune zvisingawanzoitiki kacho ari mupasi riri mutsipa kana iri mediastinum.

Sei neuroblastoma vana? Zviratidzo zviri chirwere zvinokonzerwa nokubudiswa mahormone nokuda kenza kana mapundu kugara kumanikidza mumwe kana mumwe muviri. Dzimwe nguva kukura kwayo zvarinoita kushanda ura dundira. Nokuda kuti compression rwengarava ropa varwere kunoitika scrotum uchingodzikira kumugumo edema.

Yakatsvukuruka kana rinokwanisa kucheneruka makwapa paganda ndiwo zviratidzo neuroblastoma muvana. chitarisiko chavo chinoratidza kubatanidzwa mune pathological gadziriro epidermal masero. Nengano kupinda pakati bundu zvakananga kupinda pfupa mwongo mwana inova simba, kakawanda kurwara. Muchiitiko chino, kunyange ronda duku kunogona kuguma zvikuru ropa.

Pavakaona zviratidzo neuroblastoma, vabereki vanofanira kubvunza chiremba. kuonekwa kenza achiri Danho kunogona kuponesa upenyu hwomwana.

Retroperitoneal neuroblastoma

Neoplasm pamusoro neurogenic kwakabva zvinyama kuti kumbowanikwa ari retroperitoneal nzvimbo, dzinoratidzwa nokukurumidza. Munguva pfupi, panoparadzana mwoyo munzvimbo musana canal, pova gobvu kwemashoko bundu, izvo zvinogona kuonekwa ne palpation.

Neuroblastoma of adrenal shwanu nevana pakutanga asina chaizvo zviratidzo kusvikira zvasvika runoshamisa kukura uye otanga batanidza pedyo munyama. Ndezvipi zviratidzo pachena mota?

1. Kuvapo rizere inotungamirwa iri abdominal mhango.
2. Kuzvimba muviri wose.
3. Kusagadzikana uye kurwadziwa lumbar nharaunda.
4. Uremu.
5. Kuwedzera tembiricha.
6. Aichinja ropa zviratidzi achipupura kupererwa neropa.
7. Chiveve, kuoma rezasi maoko nemakumbo.
8. Akagumbuka ari dzichipfekeka unyanzvi ari nemudumbu uye Urinary hurongwa.

Other localization pamusoro neurogenic mavambo anomera

Neuroblastoma posterior mediastinum mune vana pamwe rakapinza uremu, yakaoma kumedza, kukanganisika ari kufema basa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, hosha kunotungamirira nokuchinja chimiro pechipfuva.

Namamota zaglazno nzvimbo dziri apo neapo, asi vanoziva zvakawanda pamusoro pavo. Izvi imhaka yokuti zvose nezviratidzo ane pathological kwacho chaioneka chinoabatsira. Neoplasm dzinoratidzwa chitarisiko rima makwapa pamusoro ziso, rakatarira akafanana hwandaiva mbundishire. Chimwe chiratidzo iri ashaye neuroblastoma fungiro. It ndokwenguva mavhundukiro ayo bulging yeziso.

siyana neuroblastomas

Panguva Nyanzvi varipo kusiyanisa neuroblastoma nezvimiro mana, imwe neimwe ine imwe nzvimbo uye localization nevamwe maitiro.

• Medulloblastoma. Neoplasm rinobva muna cerebellum, iyo Ndokusaka hazvigoni kubviswa nokuda kuvhiyiwa. The zvokurwara kunoratidzwa kufambira metastasis. The tanga zviratidzo kenza kuonekwa incoordination.
• Retinoblastoma. Izvi malignancy bundu kunokanganisa the retina weziso muvarwere vaduku. Kushaya kurapwa kunotungamirira zvachose upofu uye pfungwa metastases.
• Neyrofibrosarkoma. bundu iri mupasi mune abdominal mhango.
• Simpatoblastoma. bundu Izvi nyanyisa, rinova "musha" ake anosarudza tsitsi tsinga uye adrenal mumasero. Neoplasm akaumba ari mudumbu panguva yayo intrauterine kukura. Nokuda nokukurumidza kuwedzera musana zvingakanganiswa kukura simpatoblastomy kuti rinobatanidza dzomuviri.

Sei kuziva neuroblastoma?

Pakutanga, chiremba prescribes munhu vanofungidzirwa chirwere 'Neuroblastoma' ropa uye weti nemiedzo. In vana, zviratidzo chirwere ichi akafanana nezvimwe zvirwere, uye rabhoritari kuidzwa zvoutachiona zvinhu anobvisa zvimwe zvinogoneka zvinokonzera. High dziine catecholamine mahormone iri weti inoratidza kuvapo kenza.

Kuti tizive kukura bundu, localization varwere varo ushandiswe CT, Ultrasound uye MRI. nzira inokosha iri chirwere biopsy. Panguva nzira iyi, nyanzvi inoita kenza fenzi masero kuti unozotevera rabhoritari kuzviongorora, histological kuongorora.

Inobva pakuongororwa chiremba hwapedyo nzira kurapwa, anopa mazano marapirwo uye mararamiro murwere.

kurapa mikana

Mabatirwo neuroblastoma ari mwana ari kazhinji mumabasa vakawanda nyanzvi oncology dhipatimendi (himioterapevt, chiremba, radiologist). Pashure pokudzidza zvechadenga bundu, vanachiremba vari kugadzira nzira yokuparadza kwayo. It zvinoenderana sei bundu anopindura mabasa kuitwa, uye for panguva yokupedzisira nechirwere.

Kazhinji, Mabatirwo neuroblastoma muvana inosanganisira zvinotevera nzira:

1. Mishonga. nzira iyi inosanganisira pakatanga Anti-kenza madhiragi yakarongerwa zvirongwa. Kugadzirira tigume kenza masero, kudzivisa kubereka yavo. Navo sei dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri, iyo inosvitsa vanhuwo nemishonga (bvudzi kurasikirwa, kuda kurutsa, manyoka). Kubudirira ARV yakawedzera kakawanda pachiimbwa transplantation pamusoro wakanyorova.
2. Kuvhiya kurapwa kunosanganisira kubviswa anomera. Pamberi oparesheni rikashandiswa mishonga. Kunoitawo kuti sipidhi bundu kukura uye mhaka regression pamusoro metastases. Admissibility kupedza kwayo kubviswa kunobva nzvimbo uye kukura. A duku bundu iri pedyo musana, zvichiita kupindira nengozi chaizvo.
3. Radiation jekiseni yazvino okurapa haawanzopiwi kushandiswa. Zviri kuramba mumakore achangobva yakatsiva vavhiyiwa uyewo nemwaranzi ngozi uye anotakura mumwe kutyisidzira upenyu mwana. Radiation kurapa inokurudzirwa kunoparirwa uchapupu, kana paine yakaderera kunyatsoshanda vamwe nzira yokurapa, panyaya unresectable neuroblastoma muvana.

A unokosha Kudya pamwe nechirwere nevarwere duku hakuratidzwi. Vabereki vakawanda vari kuedza kukurira ose nzira youpenyu Chad, kuchinja zvokudya zvake. Zvinonzi kwakaratidza kuti vamwe zvinhu kana, kutaura zvazviri, nezvinhu zviri mazviri, kuwedzera muviri dzokuzvidzivirira uye chaizvo tunodzivisa kukura anomera. Kwakadaro zvinhu zvinosanganisira zingi, simbi, betaine, mavhitaminzi siyana. Ivo akapfuma Citrus zvibereko, vaduku hanyanisi, makarotsi, nhanga.

Kubudirira kurapwa kunoenderana sei guru neuroblastoma vana. The zvinokonzera chirwere uye padariro chirwere uyewo dzinokosha. Kushandiswa kukuru nzira mukutanga zvokukura bundu inotungamirwa kunopa tariro kunaya zvakakwana. Zvisinei, izvi hazvirevi uderedze murwere duku iri chiremba kushanyira uye achipfuura kuongorora kuti kurambidza zvichibvira dzokororo.

Fungidziro chokupedzisira kupora ari dziripowo mu danho rechipiri, akapa kuti abudirire kushanda uye mishonga.

Vamwe zvinetso munyika okupedzisira nzendo zvokurwara ichi sezvo neuroblastoma. Vana 4 pavaipfuura nekenza inowanzopiwa achiperekedzwa tsamwisa Zvaifungidzirwa. Kuitazve kunobvira pashure kubviswa bundu, pamusoro pakanyorwa sokuti kupora. Inotevera chizvarwa akaipa hunhu kakawanda kuumbwa mune imwe nzvimbo yakanga iri pamberi. The for danho iri 20% vapone kwemakore mashanu. Muchiitiko chino, zvose zvinobva chokudzidzisa nezvokurara, Kuwanikwa zvakafanira zvokurapa michina.

mataridzikiro

Pashure ndichibvunza kurapa oncology fungidziro varwere vakawanda akanaka. Vana vane vemunyika bundu muitiro, vanachiremba vanoti zvichida kuti apore nokukurumidza sezvinobvira. Panyaya muchikwata ichi wevarwere, bundu anogona kunyangarika kunyange pasina vavhiyiwa, asi nyanyisa zvokurapa kurapa hazvisi fanira. In vana vakura, wakati awaridza bundu, mikana pakupora zvakakwana vari kudzika zvikuru. Uyezve, bundu anogona recur.

Mhedzisiro kurapa kazhinji kunokosha neuroblastoma yechipiri muvana. Kunotarisirwa mune iyi haisi kupfuura zvakanaka. Bundu kuonekwe zvakare pashure makore mashomanana, kusanganisira mushure vanobudirira kurapwa. mhando iyi nechirevo mukurapa anonzi nokunonoka nemishonga. Ndokusaka varwere zvose pasina chaakasiya; pashure nzira yokurapa inokurudzirwa navanachiremba rinogara kuchengetwa.

matanho

Vanachiremba musapa chaiwo kurumbidza yokudzivisa kukura munhu akaipa hunhu bundu uyewo zvikonzero zvayo inotungamirwa zvichiri havaratidzi kunzwisiswa, kunze hunganzi enhaka kubatwa. Kana hama dzepedyo nokusingaperi aifanira kukurira achinyengera ichi chirwere panguva yekuronga pamuviri zviri chinodiwa kupinda zano pamusoro doctor- geneticist. zvichida kubatsira kudzivisa vachivavhiringidza ramangwana chokuita nokuberekwa mwana hakuvaki.

Zvinosuruvarisa kenza zvino kuramba chirwere muvarwere vaduku hapana Kunze neuroblastoma vana. Photo zvokurwara anogona kuwanikwa kushandiswa zvokurapa mabhuku. Nzira dzinoshandiswa muzvidzivirire, vanachiremba havagoni kupa nokuti kujeka etiology zvokurwara. Kana chikuru zviratidzo anoratidza chirwere ichi, zvakakosha kutsvaka zano zvokurapa. Chete pashure dzichidzidzisa kwakakwana chirwere Kukoshesa anogona kutonga hunhu anomera uye kukudziridza muenzaniso wakanaka kurapwa nzira. The yapfuura Nyanzvi achasimbisa wokupedzisira nechirwere, nani mikana kuti kunaya zvakakwana. Stay utano!