Ndezvipi VLANs? mumwe VLAN

Panguva iyoyo, vakawanda makambani nhasi uye masangano kushanda musashandisa ichi unobatsira chaizvo uye kazhinji zvakakodzera, mukana sei sangano rakapotsa Lan (VLAN) mukati kwezvivako yose inopiwa haizoshandisi dzakawanda ano. Izvi imhaka zvinhu zvakawanda, saka zvinokosha kufunga michina iyi mumaonero mukana kushandiswa kwayo zvinangwa izvozvo.

tsananguro mukuru

Kutanga kuti kusarudza chii VLANs. Izvi zvinoreva boka makombiyuta chokuita pomumbure, ayo zvine musoro aibatanidza mu mameseji umambo nhepfenyuro iri chairo hwaro. Somuenzaniso, mapoka anogona kuparadzaniswa zvichienderana chirimwa mamiriro, kana mhando chirongwa kana basa pamwe chete. VLAN network zvinopa akawanda zvaizomunakira. Chokutanga, ndiko zvikuru zvokufambisa kushandisa bandwidth (tichienzanisa chinyakare LANs), anotoita wokudzivirira mashoko riri kufambiswa, uyewo nyore Kutarisirwa zano.

Sezvo paaishandisa VLAN nepakumedura rikaitika yose rezvebonde yenhepfenyuro nzvimbo, mashoko mukati chivakwa kwakadaro chete chinopfuudzwa pakati penhengo, kwete vose makombiyuta ari panyama network. Zvakaratidza kuti nhepfenyuro motokari kuti kunotangira servers, kungopfeka akafanorongerwa achazoburuka, kuti haisi kutepfenyurwa kune nenhepfenyuro vose pemambure. Saka anogona kuzadzisa mashoko Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri yavaive samambure bandwidth pakati mapoka vakasarudzwa makombiyuta: servers uye workstations akasiyana VLAN chete havaoni mumwe.

Sei zvose kwemasayendisiti?

Mumidziyo zvakadaro, mashoko ari kwazvo kudzivirirwa kubva kunze komutemo kuwana, sezvo mashoko Exchange rinoitwa mukati yakananga boka makombiyuta, kureva, havagoni kuwana motokari zvakapararira neimwe mamiriro akafanana.

Kana isu kutaura zvakataurwa VLANs, zviri richikoshawo kuona pano ndiyo kushandisa nzira iyi sangano, sezvo itsanangudzo Network kutarisira. Izvi zvinosanganisira mabasa akadai achiwedzera itsva okunze kuti pomumbure, avo kufamba, uye deletion. Somuenzaniso, kana vamwe aishandisa VLAN vakatamira kune rimwe kamuri, mutarisiri nemambure hakudi rewire yacho netambo. Iye chete anofanira kuti zvakarukwa midziyo kubva kubasa rake. Mune dzimwe implementations zvakadaro network kudzora kufamba nhengo dzeboka dzinogona kuitwa choga, kunyange pasina chikonzero mutariri kupindira. Iye chete anofanira kuziva kuti kugadzira kune VLAN, kuvhiya zvose zvakafanira. Ingakutemesa mapoka matsva musoro vanoita, kunyange pasina kumuka. Izvi zvose zvikuru anoponesa nguva, zvinogona kubatsira kuti kugadzirisa zvinetso zvakaenzana kukosha.

Nzira kuronga VLAN

Kune akasiyana nzira nhatu: pachiteshi anotsanangura, rechitatu dzakati rukoko kana Mac-kero. Mumwe nzira anoenderana mumwe wevatatu ezasi akaturikidzana of OSI bhuku womuenzaniso: muviri, nomumbure uye gwara, ukuwo. Kana isu kutaura zvakataurwa VLANs, zvinokosha kuona kuvapo kwadzinoita yechina sangano - nemhaka nemitemo. Zvino rinoshandiswa kashoma, kunyange zvinopa zvikuru kunzwisisa. Zvinokwanisika funga muudzame nerimwe zvinotevera nzira kunzwisisa chii inobudisa zvavanazvo.

VLAN chiteshi-kwakavakirwa

Pano taifunga inonzwisisika muzvikwata zvisina tsarukano zvimwe zvinooneka chinja zvengarava vakasarudzwa kuti kudyidzana. Somuenzaniso, mutarisiri nemambure vangasarudza kuti zvimwe zviteshi Somuenzaniso, 1, 2, 5 uye kuumbwa VLAN1, uye makamuri 3, 4 uye 6 anoshandiswa VLAN2, uye zvichingodaro. Mumwe chinja chiteshi zvingabudirira kushandiswa kubatanidza makombiyuta akawanda, ayo anoshandiswa Somuenzaniso, imwe nomusimboti. Vose vachava kuonekwa nhengo rakapotsa samambure uko basa rinonyoreswa munhu chinja chiteshi chengarava. vanachandagwinyira kuomerera VLAN nhengo kwakadaro chikuru zvakaipira zano iri sangano.

VLAN kwakavakirwa Mac kero

Hwaro nzira vakaisa pasi kushandiswa rakasiyana hexadecimal anotaura mashoko kubatana layer kuwanika nechimwe samambure adapteri kana workstation Network Server. Kana isu kutaura izvo VLANs, zvinokosha kuziva kuti nzira iyi anonzi kuva anonzwisisa tichienzanisa yapfuura, mumwe chinja chiteshi zvinokwanisika kubatanidza makombiyuta enzvimbo akasiyana rakapotsa network. Uyezve, kuchinja nayo inocherechedza kufamba makombiyuta kubva pachiteshi kuenda imwe, izvo anoponesa yeGmail.END_STRONG ndorwevaya imwe samambure pasina mutariri kupindira.

Nheyo kushanda pano iri nyore: chinja inotsigira matsamba tafura Mac-Kero workstation rakapotsa network. Pangosvika kombiyuta iri kuitwa zvimwe chimwe chiteshi, rinofananidza Mac-kero munda tafura data, uye ipapo kuzochera zvakarurama ndezvipi pamusoro kombiyuta kuva imwe network. Sezvo zvazvakashatira nzira iyi inonzi kunzwisisa configuring ari VLAN, izvo zvingaita pakutanga kukonzera kukanganisa. With kuti chinja chete anovaka tafura kero, mutarisiri pomumbure anofanira kuona zvose, kusarudza rinotaura sei rakapotsa zvikwata kusangana, ipapo prescribes akakodzera VLANs. Uye kuti pane nzvimbo kukanganisa, izvo dzimwe nguva zvinoitika Cisco VLAN, riri zvakanaka nyore setup, asi unozotevera redistribution achava akaoma kupfuura panyaya nokushandisa zvengarava.

VLAN-kwakavakirwa rechitatu-pamwero protocols

Nzira iyi kashoma kushandiswa haizoshandisi pachiyero rwekuita boka kana dhipatimendi. Ndiwo maitiro hunde, yakanyatsoiswa pamwe pakuvara hwokutiparadza dzakati kunoreva chikuru Ethernet - IP, IPX uye AppleTalk. Nzira iyi yokuti boka chinja zvengarava kuti nhengo VLAN kunotsanangurwa, achaiswa chokuita chero IP subnet kana IPX. Muchiitiko chino, mukana wokushandiswa inopiwa pakuti rokushandisa kutamira kune imwe chengarava rinopiwa chete rakapotsa rezvebonde iri kuongororwa uye chinja hakurevi reconfiguration. VLAN hwokutiparadza hazvisi nyore, nokuti ichi zvazvingava, chinja inoongorora nemambure kero makombiyuta kuti anotsanangurwa nomumwe emimbure. Nzira iyi inotsigira uye kudyidzana pakati akasiyana VLAN pasina kushandisa dzimwe nzira. Pane imwe mumafungiro nzira iyi - kwemitengo yezvinhu haizoshandisi, umo iri rakatangwa. Rostelecom VLAN rutsigiro basa panguva ino mwero.

zvakawanikwa

Paunenge kare zvijeke rakapotsa network muri kumbonyanya simba mudziyo pamumbure sangano kuti anogona kugadzirisa matambudziko chokuita nemashoko akachengeteka, vaitarira, mikana, uye kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kushandisa kuti bandwidth.