Ndeupi musiyano pakati pechirwere chepfungwa uye mupfungwa wepfungwa? Medicine

Kana munhu achikuvadza chimwe chinhu, anoenda kuna chiremba. Kana huro hurwadzisa-kumurapa, kana mazino - kumukadzi wemazino, kana makumbo - kumunhu wemasana. Uye ndianiko anofanira kuenda kana mweya unorwadza? Kune unyanzvi hwepfungwa kana mupfungwa here? Vanhu vazhinji vanowanzovhiringidza zvinhu izvi zviviri, naizvozvo unoda kunyatsonzwisisa chinonzi chiremba chepfungwa chinopesana nemunhu wepfungwa.

General concepts

Mazita ezvinhu izvi anonyatsopindirana. Izvi hazvishamisi, nokuti mupfungwa wepfungwa, chiremba wepfungwa, chiremba wepfungwa - izvi zvinomirira mumwe mudzi. Kubva muchiGiriki "mupfungwa" -mweya, uye naizvozvo, mabasa aya anowirirana zvikuru nehuropi hwekuita, hurongwa hwepamusoro hwehutano uye psyche inowanzo. Asi chimwe nechimwe chazvo chine zvinyorwa zvayo zvakasiyana. Kunzwisisa pfungwa:

• Psychology isayenzi inobata mibvunzo yakawanda pamusoro pemamiriro emweya.
• Psychiatry inoreva chiremba uye inosanganisira kurapwa kwemaitiro akasiyana-siyana epfungwa.
• Psychotherapy ndiyo nzira yekurapa nekukanganisa psyche.

Ngatitarisei tsanangudzo dzokuti sei chiremba chepfungwa chinopesana nemunhu wepfungwa.

Psychologist

Nyanzvi yezvepfungwa ndeye nyanzvi uyo akapedza kudzidza kubva kune imwe nzvimbo yepamusoro yekudzidzisa vanhu, kanowanzoitwa pedagogical. Haana chokuita nemishonga. Basa rake nderokudzidza nyika yomukati yomunhu, kunzwisisa zvinetso zvaanazvo, kuti angabatsirwa sei. Rubatsiro rwepfungwa rwemazino runowanzonyorwa. Haana kodzero yekupa zvinodhaka uye kuita zvirwere. Mugumisiro webasa rake mazano akajeka ekubuda mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma ane chokuita nemhuri yemurwere kana hupenyu hwehupenyu hwake, basa rake, zvidzidzo zvake kana zvimwe zvikamu zvoupenyu.

Shanda sechiremba wepfungwa unoreva kubhabhatidzwa zvakakwana munyika yepamukati yevabereki vake. Ndicho chikonzero nyanzvi dzakadaro dzinowanzoshandiswa muzvipatara semuongorori. Kwechimwe nguva, vezvepfungwa dzepfungwa vanofanira kunyanya kushanda muzvikoro, chechikoro chekuchikoro uye vunivhesiti. Basa ravo chaiyo rinonzi anonzi psychologist-mudzidzisi. Nezviito zvavo, vashandi vakadaro vanoudza vadzidzisi kuti vanofanira sei kutarisana nhaurirano nevadzidzi, kuitira kuti varege kuvhiringidza vana vasina kunaka vepfungwa.

Psychiatrist

Mumwe chiremba wepfungwa ndeye chiremba uyo akapedza kudzidza kubva kuchikoro chepamusoro chechiremba. Uyu munhu munhu anongotora nzvimbo muzvipatara uye nepycyclinics. Saka, anoisa zvirwere uye anonyora mishonga. Nharaunda yebasa rake inongogumira kune zvirwere zvepakati remagetsi uye psyche. Anorwara zvirwere zvakadai schizophrenia, kukanganisa, kupatsanurwa kweunhu uye vamwe.

Nyanzvi yepfungwa uye chiremba chepfungwa vanowanzoshanda pamwechete. Saka, nyanzvi yezvepfungwa ane kuora mwoyo zvakadzama anogona kutumira chiremba chepfungwa kuti ave nekurapa kwenguva refu. Mushure mezvose, iyi mamiriro akazara nemigumisiro yakakomba, uye kuvadzivirira, unoda mishonga.

Psychotherapist

Inonyanya kukosha kune pfungwa - chiremba wepfungwa. Kana iwe unonzwisisa izvo chiremba chepfungwa chinopesana nemudzidzi wepfungwa, hazvisi zvakaoma kare, saka chiremba anowanzokonzera kuvhiringidzika. Mukati, iyi inyanzvi inobata nekusawirirana kwepfungwa kuvanhu uye inovabata nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzisina mishonga. Kana nyanzvi yezvepfungwa akanyora piritsi inoporesa, murapa wacho achabata hurukuro.

Zvinyorwa kubva muchiGiriki, "psychotherapy" inoshandurwa se "kurapwa nemweya." Icho chinopesana zvikuru kubva pakudzidza kwechiremba wepfungwa, nokuti inobata nezvinetso zvakadzika, asi haishandisi zvinodhaka, sechirwere chepfungwa chinodaro.

Nzira dzekurapa kwepfungwa dzepfungwa dzinosanganisira:

• Hypnosis.
• Psychoanalysis.
• Art therapy.
• Neuro-linguistic programming.
• Game therapy.
• Nondirective hypnosis nevamwe.

Mabasa emagariro epfungwa

Makirasi ane unyanzvi hwepfungwa - ichi ndicho chinhu chikuru icho nyanzvi inoshandisa panguva yezvaanoita. Vanogona kunge vari voga kana boka, rinotungamirirwa zvakananga panzvimbo yebasa reimwe nyanzvi kana kuti iri mumugwagwa. Nzvimbo inokosha inodzidza nevana. Ivo vanobatanidzwa mumapoka akasiyana-siyana. Uye izvi zvinotungamirirwa zvinopesana nemaitiro maviri. Ikokutanga ndeyekukurukurirana kwakajeka kuumba mamiriro ezvinhu ezvidzidzo zvakanaka, uye yechipiri inzira yekugadzirisa hukama hwehutano muboka, kutaurirana kana matambudziko evanhu vamakore ari kuyaruka.

Kubatsirwa kwechiremba wepfungwa kune vakaroorana kunosanganisira kuitisa makirasi pachavo pamwe chete nevakaroorana kana panguva imwe chete. Muchiitiko chimwe nechimwe, nyanzvi inosarudza kutungamirirwa kwemakirasi akakodzera kweimwe dambudziko. Zvose zvaanosarudza zvaanotora, zvichibva pane zvaanosangana nazvo uye mazano anoshanda evamwe vashandi.

Zvikonzero zvekushandisa kumunhu wepfungwa

Zviitiko izvo zvingaita kuti munhu atsvake rubatsiro kunogona kuva mari yakawanda. Semuenzaniso, nyanzvi yakadaro inonyanya kuonekwa mune zvekubvunzurudzwa kwevakadzi uye muchipatara. Vakadzi vane pamuviri vanogona kutarisana nekushungurudzika kukuru kunobatanidza nematambudziko evanhu, uye kubvunzurudza uye kutsigirwa zvinongodiwa chete. Zvinetso zvakawanda zvinomuka zvakare mushure mekusununguka. Muchirapa, pane zvimwe zvinhu zvakadai sokudengenyeka kwepaspartum. Asi, nekuwedzera, vanhu vanoenda kune vezvepfungwa zvepfungwa nezvinetso zvinotevera:

1. Kusagutsikana iwe pachako uye hupenyu hwako.
2. Nguva dzose kushungurudzika kubasa, izvo zvinotungamirira pakuora mwoyo.
3. Dambudziko mumhuri yemhuri.
4. Kusava nerutsigiro uye kunzwisisa kubva kuvanhu vakuru. Dambudziko rinowanzowanzoitika muvechiri kuyaruka. Rubatsiro rwakadaro runowanzova ruponeso rwekuzviuraya.
5. Matambudziko anogadziriswa muchikoro chepuraimari.
6. Zvinetso zvinotambudza.
7. Kugutsikana kwepfungwa kune zvirwere zvisingagoni kupora uye zvakaoma.

Mabasa echipfungwa chepfungwa

Kana basa remunhu wepfungwa rinosanganisa kukurukurirana nevana kana vanhu vakuru, ipapo chiremba wepfungwa ane basa rakaoma zvikuru. Izvo zvakaoma kwazvo kuita chirongwa chakarurama nekutsauka mu psyche. Sezvo mutemo, nguva refu yekuongororwa kwemurwere kunokosha. Varwere vane schizophrenia, somuenzaniso, havazivi izvi, uye vanowanzoita zvakakwana.

Kuisa chirwere chakakodzera kunobatsira kuongorora kwepfungwa. Kune zvakawanda zvavo. Murwere anopiwa kupa mhinduro kana kumibvunzo yakawanda pamusoro pemisoro yakawanda, kana kuti kuita mufananidzo wega. Nzira yakasiyana yakabatana neshamwari. Saka, munhu wacho anonyatsoratidzwa mifananidzo yakagadzirwa yakafanana nemaruva, uye anokumbirwa kuti atsanangure chimwe chinhu mune izvi chinogona kuonekwa. Kuenzanisa kushamwaridzana kunobatsira kuziva vanhu vanoita zvechisimba kana kuzviuraya.

Miedzo yezvechiremba

Mukuwedzera kune kuongororwa kwepfungwa, chiremba wepfungwa anoongorora zviri mukati memunhu. Izvi zvinogona kutongwa nemigumisiro yezvinotevera:

1. Biochemical examination. Zvinyorwa zveizvi kana icho icho muropa chinogona kutaura pamusoro pezvinetso zvakasiyana-siyana zveurouropychiatric.
2. Endocrinology kuongorora. Hormonal disorders inogona kukonzera kuora mwoyo, kutya kutya, psychosis.
3. Immunological tests. Kazhinji, chinokonzera kushungurudzika kwepfungwa zvirwere, kunyanya izvo zvinotapurirwa zvepabonde.
4. Zvidzidzo zvehutuku. Hazvirevi kuti zvinodhaka kana mapiritsi. Kupesana kwehuropi kunokonzera kutyisa nemakemikari kana emumikemikari emumba, zvigetsi zvakakura kana dongo rinokuvadza.
5. Electroencephalogram - kutora pamapapiro emakumbo.
6. Polysomnography zvakare EEG, asi inoshandiswa panguva yakadzika yehope. Inokubvumira kuti uone zvirwere zvakasiyana siyana zvakaoma kuongorora panguva yekumuka kwevarwere.
7. Nyukliya magnetic tomography. Iri ndiyo nzira yakanyanya kunyanya kugadzirisa zvinetso zvehupi. Zvinokubvumira kuti uone kunyange zvinhu zviduku zvisingagoni kubata EEG. Nezvo, unogona kuona kenza pamatangi ekutanga uye kudzivirira chirwere.

Mugumisiro

Saka, ngatitaurirei musiyano pakati pechirwere chepfungwa uye mupfungwa wepfungwa. Nyanzvi yekutanga ndeye munhu ane dzidzo yepamusoro yezvokurapa. Anoshandisa nzira dzekliniki dzekuongorora nekurapa mishonga. Nyanzvi yepfungwa inobata nekupa mazano uye haina chokuita nemishonga. Ndiye nyanzvi yezvefilogi, uye basa rake rinonyatsobatana ne pedagogy.