Chipfeko chemaoko uye mureza weRussia. Chii chinonzi mureza weRussia? Chipfeko chezvombo zveRussia - mufananidzo

Mauto ehurumende uye mureza weRussia zviri mumutemo zvakagadziriswa uye zvakagadziriswa neMutemo weBritain Constitutional of the Russian Federation No. 2 FKZ uye Nha. 1 FKZ musi waDecember 25, 2000, yakasayirwa naVaMutungamiri VV Putin.Asi vasati vabvumidzwa nehutonga guru: musi waAugust 22, 1991, neEastordinary Commission ye Supreme Council I RSFSR yakagamuchirwa semureza weRussia tsvuku-bhuru-tsvuku tricolor. Musi waNovember 30, 1993, mutemo wepurezidhendi weRussia wakadzorera mhemberero yezvakaitika kare - eagle-musoro.

Mune mireniyamu mitsva , Russia yakapinda uye yakadzorerwa uye yakarongedzwa zviratidzo zvemamiriro emitambo zvemamiriro ehurumende ... Vanobatanidza rudzi, kuratidza huchangamire hwehurumende uye kutendeseka kune zvakaitika kare. Parizvino, maitiro avo anonyatsorongedzerwa uye anorondedzerwa zvakadzama mumitemo inotaurwa pamusoro apa.

Zviratidzo zveRussia zvematongerwo enyika: jasi remaoko uye mureza

Nzira iyo jasi remauto uye mureza weRussia anotaridzirwa zvakadzama mumashoko ekutanga emitemo yepamutemo inotaurwa pamusoro apa. Izvo zviratidzo zvehurumende zvinomiririrwa nehutsvuku hwomukati wechiparidhevha, iyo miganhu yakadzika iyo yakakomberedza uye nzvimbo inotarisa pasi. Pano nhovo inoratidzwa gondo regoridhe rakapetwa kaviri, richiparadzira mapapiro aro. Mumwe nomumwe wemisoro yake akavezwa korona ine korona duku, uye pamusoro pawo korona huru, yakabatana nemabhebhoni maduku. Iyo gondo reRussia yehurumende ine tsvimbo nesimba. Nhoo iri pachifuva chake yakashongedzwa nemufananidzo wevatasvi vemabhiza esirivha (St. George Vanokunda), vachirova nepfumo dhiragoni rakatsikwa nebhiza.

Mureza weRussia unomiririrwa nemakona maviri emakona (chiyero chehupamhi kusvika paupamhi chikamu zviviri kusvika kune zvitatu), chine zvikamu zvitatu zvakatsvuka zvakaenzana nehukuru. Mutemo wekutevera kwavo (muvara): chena, bhuruu, tsvuku.

Mutemo wekushandiswa kwechiratidzo uye mureza weRussia

Mutemo unofananidzira zvakananga nzvimbo yekushandiswa kwechiratidzo uye mureza weRussia. Dzinoshandiswa pazvivako zveSupreme State Power: kugara kweMutungamiri weRussian Federation, Federation Federation, State Duma, dare - Mutemo, Supreme, Supreme Arbitration. Iyo jasi remauto uye mureza weRussia inoshandiswawo mune hutano hwakawanda hwehurumende dzehurumende muRussia yose, kusanganisira masimba emagetsi. Mumazuva ezororo rehuruzhinji, kodzero yekukomba dzimba dzavo nemareza anopiwawo kune vagari veRussia.

Zviratidzo zvitatu zvehurumende zveRussia (jasi remauto, mureza, rwiyo) rudzi rwetatu, rwakagadzirwa nekuguma kwezana remakore rechina. Nhoroondo yepamusoro inonzi capacious inogona kunzi nzira yekusika State Emblem. Zvechokwadi, chiratidzo cheRussia chakasikwa munguva dzakasiyana, chimwe nechimwe chakasiya chikamu chacho. Nokudaro, kunyora kwezvigadziro zvehembe redu rezvombo zvakasangana munguva dzekare (izvo tichazotaura pamusoro pechinguva chiduku). Iwe unogonawo kutaura pamusoro pekare kare yekusika kweRussia yekuumba National Flag, iyo yakaitika muMiddle Ages. Pakati pemaruva mazhinji akasarudzwa avo vakapupurira kuva veRussia, kubva pane zvakagadzirwa zvinyorwa zvinoratidza avo "vakanamatira kumweya" wemunhu weRussia vakatsvakwa.

Mifananidzo yemitsvene yemakungu maviri ane musoro, iyo yakashanda sechikonzero chezvisikwa zvayo, yakaonekwa muMiddle Ages.

Eagle-musoro musoro. Nguwo yehondo yeRussia inogadzirwa nematnos ekare

Ipi gondo-musoro wakabuda kupi, iyo chiratidzo cheRussia chinotangira kupi? Zvinorevei? Mhinduro yemibvunzo iyi inogona kupa, zvichida, nhoroondo Yese. Kunyange zvakadaro kubva kuPlato tsika, zvingangodaro yakazvarwa muatlantes, yaenda kunobatanidza mapapiro nouMwari. Igondo rakashandurwa nehuzhinji hwekare hwekare sechiratidzo chekusingafi, simba uye kusatya. Iyo gondo rine musoro mbiri inofananidzira huchenjeri huviri, kuziva, kukwana.

Mhedziso yekusika chiratidzo mumhando ye shiri yakataurwa pamusoro apa yakatanga mundima yeAsia Minor, 2-3 zviuru zvemakore BC. E. Nenguva yegumi nemakore BC. E. Itai kuti ibwe rakagadzirwa nemakungu maviri-ane musoro, rakasikwa nevaHiti.

Makungu maviri-musoro muRussia yekare

Muna 1472, mushure mokupedzwa kwechikwata cheumambo chaJohn III Vasilievich nemumwana wekupedzisira weAzzantine madzimambo Constantine Paleologus XII, Sophia Paleologus, weRussia Tsar anowana kodzero yekushandisa mufananidzo wemakungu maviri ane korona sechiratidzo chake cherrimonial. Ichokwadi, simba guru reMoscow kuMoscow rinova mutsigiri kumusoro weOrthodox East, mambo weByzantine.

Kubva panguva iyoyo, gondo rine mbiri rakabuda pazvisimbiso zveRussia Tsar, richifananidzira simba rehurumende.

Icho chakanga chichiri kutarisa zvishoma sejasi remazuva ano eRussia: mapapiro akaderedzwa, marhenga haasviki, mitsipa yakavharwa, nhovo pagondo iripo. Mushure mekusunungurwa kubva pajoko reTatar-Mongol, pasi peTsar John III, mapapiro egondo anomuka. Nguwo yezvombo inoshongedza zvivako zvevanhu.

Mushure mekutengeswa kwesimba kumwanakomana wake, Basil III, mihomwe yegondo inozaruka. Iyi tsanangudzo shomanana inobatanidzwa nechokwadi chekushandurwa kweRussia kusvika pakati peOrthodoxy uye kukura kwesimba renyika. Muzana remakore rechi14, panguva yekutonga kwaJohn IV the Terrible (mwanakomana waBasil III), zvose zviratidzo zveRussia - makondo maviri-musoro uye mutasvi warova kurova dhiragoni - pakupedzisira akabatana. Kuvapo kwaGeorge Akakunda kwakatsanangurwa nechisungo cheAstrakhan neKazan emadzimambo uye Siberia kuRussia.

Sezvatinokwanisa kuona, heraldry iri kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, kwemazana emakore, chaizvoizvo ichibudisa State Emblem yeRussia. Nekuuya kwesimba kwaMikhail F. Romanov (1613), iyo yakaratidza kugadzikana kwevanhu uye kubudirira, inowanikwa korona yechitatu - chiratidzo cheUtatu Hutsvene. Iyo gondo rinoputika rakapwanya mapapiro aro zvakanaka. Tsanangudzo yekupedzisira: Umambo hweRussia hwava humwe hurumende yehurumende.

Alexei Mikhailovich muna 1667 anonyora chimiro chehurumende chiripo. Pamwe chete naye mumakumbo emhando yemambo yakaonekwa tsvimbo uye simba, izvo zvakafananidzira kutaura kwakakwana kweumambo muRussia.

Kubva pana Peter I kuenda kuna Nicholas I

Kubva muna 1682, Russia yakatongwa nemunhu akadzidziswa uye akashinga, mutongi mukuru uye mutongi mukuru Peter Mukuru. Nechipfuva chake chaiva nemusoro maviri chakashanduka kubva kune ndarama kusvika kuchitema (icho chakaenderana nemitemo yemitemo). Gumiguru 22, 1721 Petro ini ndakatora zita remambo (asati atongwa nemadzimambo). Izvi zvakakanganisa jasi rezvombo zvakare: korona yakava mambo weumambo (panzvimbo yeumambo). Izvo mapapiro asina kubhurwa egondo anopfekedzwa nemhovo nemaoko emadzimambo uye Guru Duchies. Peter Ini inosungira korona nhatu nebhuruu Andreev ribhoni.

Mukutonga kwakapfupi kwaPauro I (kubvira muna 1796 kusvika muna 1901) chiratidzo chikuru cheRussia chakaonekwa (chinyorwa chakanga chabatanidzwa). Mambo akatonga shiri yemambo nehurongwa hweMalta, asi izvi zvitsva hazvina kutora midzi. Uyewo Alexander Alexander akaedza kushandura mapapiro, asingatenderi akadzora musoro wake, achidzorera tsvimbo nesimba nesimba neminhenga nemheni.

Zvinhu zvekare zvinowanikwa naPeter Mukuru, uyo akasimba uye asingakanganisi Mambo Nicholas I. Nguwo yezvombo zveRussia (iyo chinyorwa chinoratidzwa pasi apa) inosanganisira laconic, inoratidzirwa zvakajeka uye yakasimba. Imwe nyeredzi yakachena-yakapfeka mapapiro akaputika yakawana zvinhu zvekare.

Regress wehurumende yehurumende

Kuwa kweumambo uye yese yehutano hwevanhu huri nehuwandu hwemagariro kuhurumende yehurumende. Kuedza kweHurumende Inoshandiswa kuvhara gondo rakadzika-chema rehurumende yevahedheni harina kugadzirwa korona kubudirira. Ipapo vaBolshevik vakachinja chigamba chemuRussia chakanga chave chavo pachavo, chisati chiri chenyika. Nhoroondo haigoni kukanganwira rusununguko rwakadaro, uye makore 83 gare gare inoisa pfungwa dzose pamusoro pe ... Icho mubvunzo wekudzoka kwezviratidzo zvehurumende yezvematongerwo enyika nemitemo yepurezidhendi yataurwa pamusoro apa uye Mitemo yeMitemo. Pasi apa tichakurukura kuti gondo rejasi remauto eRussia rinorevei.

Zvimwe zvikamu zvechiratidzo chemazuva ano cheRussia

Chii chinonzi Modern Emblem State yeRussia chinoreva maererano nehealdary? Kududzira kwemazuva ano kwe misoro miviri: kubatana kwe conservatism uye kufambira mberi. Chimiro chechimiro chemapapiro: 12 mapevha pane imwe neimwe yadzo inoratidza kubatana kwetsvene uye kuenzana kwezvidzidzo zveHurumende. 3 mitsetse yemapapiro inowanikwa Zvakanaka, Chokwadi uye Runako. Iko tsvuku tsvuku inosanganiswa neushingi, hutsinye, tsika dzeRussia zvekare, ruvara rwegoridhe rwegondo - nerukudzo, mukurumbira nekusingaperi. Tsvimbo tsvimbo inomiririra uchangamire, simba-simba uye kuvimbika. Makorona matatu ikozvino anotsanangurwa, mumutauro wenyika, sehutano hwemutemo, hutongi uye masimba ekutonga.

Izvozvo ndizvo, yekare uye yemazuva ano, jasi rinokudzwa rezvombo zveRussia, rakakwana mune zvarinotaura uye chiratidzo chemasimba makuru, mukati mezvinyorwa zvekare zvinowanikwa mairi.

Isuwo tinokurudzira kuti iwe urere kune mamwe mazwi anofadza ehembe rezvombo. Chokutanga, tsvimbo, yakamanikidzwa nekodzero yakarurama yegondo: iyo inewo gondo rinomesa tsvimbo imwechete, nezvimwe. Nenzira, chiratidzo ichi chazvino chinopesana nemasikironi ake: maererano navo, George Vanokunda vanofanira kutasva bhiza kwete mune zvakanaka, asi Kuruboshwe.

Mari yemazuva ano inoshongedza zvigaro zvehurumende yenguva duku (pasina michero yeumambo), uye kwete yejasi remaoko eRussia.

Mavara emabhanhire eRussia, maitiro eZimbabwe Flag

Zvinoshamisa kuti muMiddle Ages, panguva apo nyika yeRussia yakanga ichangobva kuumbwa, mureza mumwe chete wakanga usati uriko, asi paiva nemabhanhire akasiyana. Nhoroondo yemuRussia inofanirwa kutarisirwa: mabhenji akanga atoshandisa mavara emureza weRussia. "The Lay of Igor's Regiment" inopararira pamusoro pemabhanhire matsvuku eRussia ane zviso zvakavezwa zvevasande. Mabhanhire matsvuku akave akapfekedzwa mapoka evaporofita veOleg, achivhiringidza mwoyo weByzantium - Constantinople, pamwe nevakuru veS Prince Svyatoslav, avo vakakundwa neKazars.

Kwenguva yekutanga, yakanga iri mutsvuku mutsvuku pamwe nechiso chaKristu chakabatana Rus, rwizi pamusoro pehondo ine simba yakatungamirirwa naDmitry Donskoy paKukokovo Field. Pasi pemubhanhire mutsvuku nemufananidzo weMutumwa mukuru Michael, kumukira kwakamutswa naDmitry Pozharsky. Muchena, mavara machena uye machena aivapo pa "guru banner" yeIvan the Terrible. Pasi pemucheka webhuruu nemuchena wakakundwa Siberia Ermak.

Mukati mezana remakore re XVII yakasikwa mureza wakashongedza jasi rezvombo zveRussia. Izvi zvinorevei? Kupera zvishoma kuburikidza nevanhu veRussia vese basa renhoroondo ye simba ravo.

Muvambi wemureza weRussia - Peter I

Iko kunofadza kuti kusvikira zuva ranhasi mureza weRussia wakachengetwa muSt. Petersburg Museum of the Navy, kuchisvika musi waAugust 6, 1693 pamusoro pechikepe chechikepe chaPeter the Great, chakasimudzwa nemambo muGungwa Dzvuku. Iwawo hupamhi hwomukati uyu ndi 4.6 m, urefu - 4.3 m.

Mutemo uyu wakauya sei? Mumazuva eEmperor, muDutch injini Butler, uyo aitarisira kuvaka kweyende yakambotaurwa, akanyangadza mubvunzo usina kutarisirwa. Akakumbira (uye mhepo inonzwisisika), achitanga chikepe pamvura, pamusoro pemiti iyo mambo anofarira kusimudza. "Zvechokwadi, chii?" - pachena, Petro akazvifunga kwaari uye akabvunza Butler pamusoro peDutch flag. Akataura nemwoyo wose nezvenyika yake mitatu yakasvibirira-chena-bhuruu jira.

Ko ini Petro ndaifunga, chii chinofanira kunge chiri State Flag yeRussia, isati yataurirana? Kwete. Mubvunzo weDutchman wakanzwika munguva. Musiki wekudenga haafaniri kutora. Haana kungoshandura chete kurongeka kwakanzwika kwemavara emureza (mutsvuku, bhuruu, mutsvuku), asiwo akaisa pamusoro payo jasi rezvombo - gondo regoridhe rakagadzika kaviri. Saka pakanga pane bhaniro rimwe chete pamakwikwi ose eRussia.

Ichokwadi kuti gore mushure mokutanga mharidzo, muna 1664, pakuremekedzwa kwaMambo Peter I, akakurira pamusoro pe 44-gun frigate "Uprofita Hutsvene" hwakatengwa kubva kuHolland. Muna 1696, svondo reRussia rakakosha, iro rakabatanidzwa mukukomba kweimba yeTurkey yeAzov, yakashandawo pasi pemureza wekricolor (sezvakaonekwa muSchönebeck's engraving "Kutora Azov"). Kune mimwe mitauro yakasiyana-siyana yemitemo yaPeter the Great, zvichiratidza kuti mureza wekanyaradzi muzvikepe zvakatangwa neTsar mune imwe nzvimbo uye maitiro.

Zvisinei, makore makumi maviri namashanu gare gare akatsiviwa nemureza weAndreevsky muvashandi (iyo inofungidzira kuti akanga ariwo pfungwa yaPeter Mukuru). Zvisinei, zvakagadziriswa zvebricolor banner zvakaratidza kuti zvinobudirira, vanhu vaifarira. Muna 1806 mavara akajairika akadzorerwa pamufambisi wekambani yeRussia-America yebhizimisi, iyo yakashandiswawo nepamutemo neConsul General yeRussia. Kuedza kwakaitwa pasi peTsar Alexander II, vanhu vakasarudza kusatora muchena-ruvara-ruvara ruvara rweRussian flag. Emperor Alexander III, kuongororwa nekodzero yekuongorora komutungamiri KN Posiet, akaita chiito chouchenjeri - chepamutemo mureza wePeter, ane makore mazana maviri emakore, sehurumende yose yeRussia.

Cherechedza kuti kunyange nanhasi hapana chinyorwa chemashoko chekuti mureza weRussia unorevei. Ndinoda kududzirwa kwakadaro kuonekwa.

Kududzira kusinganzwisisiki kwemavara emureza

Tsika yakagadziridzwa kushandiswa kwechirongwa chemavara ndeyekutevera: chichena chinonzi frankness uye kukudzwa; Bhuruu - kutendeseka, kuvimbika, kutendeseka; Dzvuku - kushumira, rupo, ushingi.

MuTsarist Russia yakatendwa kuti ruvara rutsvuku chiratidzo chetendero cheOrthodox, bhuruu - simba ramambo, tsvuku - vanhu vokuRussia. Izvi zvakafanana nekutaura kwevatatu vatatu vemuitiro wehurumende yeRussia: iyo autocracy, Orthodoxy, uye vanhu.

Parizvino, pane tsananguro dzakawanda: kubatana kwemasangano ezvematongerwo enyika, makuru uye ematare; Kubatana kwekare, ikozvino uye munguva yemberi.

Flag colors recommended for its manufacture

Isu tose tinoziva kuti mureza weRussia wemazuva ano unoita sei (mufananidzo wechinhu ichi chekufananidzira kwenyika inofanira kunge ichizivikanwa kune munhu wese pasina kunze). Asi sei uchishandisa izwi rakadaro? Tichakurukurirana pakarepo kuti mutemo hauiti sarudzo dzemasvi machena, mabhuruu uye matsvuku. Zvisinei, ivo vakagadzirirwa neGOST R 51130-98. Maererano naye, ruvara rumwe rwunofanirwa kuenderana nemumvuri, unoratidzwa mumatatu matatu akasiyana-siyana (achitaura nezvePatone, RGB, HTML) sezvinotevera:

• Muchena (Muchena; 255-255-255; #FFFFFF);
• Bhuruu (286C; 0-57-166; # 0039A6);
• Dzvuku (485C; 213-43-30; # D52B1E).

Uyu ruvara urwu hunomiridzira hutsva uye hukuru hwemuRussia mureza.

Mhedziso

Iyo jasi remaoko uye mureza weRussia zviri pedyo nemwoyo yeRussia iyo inonyanya kudada nezvenhoroondo yeAmerica yavo. Izvi zviratidzo zvine simba zvinogona kuonekwa kwete nepamusoro pemasangano ehurumende uye mumahofisi evakuru vakuru.

Iyo chiratidzo uye mureza weRussian Federation inoonekwa uye yakagadzikana zvakakwana munyika yanhasi. Vanotakura mutoro mukuru wekuda nyika nekudada, kuratidza hukuru hwenyika nesimba rayo. Zvinopfuura mana nehafu yemakore, vanochengetedza uye vanobatanidza simba guru.