National Park "Khvalynsky": kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka, mapikicha

National Park "Khvalynsky" iri muna kumabvazuva Saratov nharaunda pamusoro soro pamakomo mudunhu. Rakanga akasikwa 1994. Izvi pashure basa rakaoma masayendisiti Russian maviri emakore. Nzvimbo idzi dziri nguva dzose kukwezvwa vatsvakurudzi kuti kusiyana kwavo. chengetedza "Saratov" akanga achitaurwa nevanopinda 2011 kusvika paki. Pano zvinoshamisa zvose - kubvira yevedza nharaunda kuti dzepepuru nyuchi.

The paka - 25.514 hectares. Zvinonzi kuva zvikamu zvitatu - rekreaktsionnuyu 3.5 zviuru maeka, dzakachengetedzwa (1.5 ha.) Uye zvoupfumi kushandiswa wongoramba. It anopindura 20.514 hectares.

rubatsiro

Khvalynsky National Park iri pakakwirira rwenze (200-300 metres pamusoro pegungwa). Relief ine, yakakwirira, undulating uye nemumakomo. Zvinonzi vakayambukira nemakoronga dzakawanda. The Volga River ndiro muganhu wayo chaivo kumabvazuva, kumusoro-kumadokero uye kuchamhembe paki iri bordered neDare Samara nharaunda, kumaodzanyemba nayo ichikutadzisa Volsky mudunhu. Munzvimbo idzi Volga kunyanya rakadzika (22.5 m). Mwero chokubuda iri duku.

Climate

In ichi nzvimbo ekunze ari Continental pamwe zvinokosha wepagore uye nezuva nokufamba mumhepo tembiricha. Muna January, avhareji mhepo tembiricha - kubvisa 13 madhigirii, muna July - plus 21.

Plants 'Khvalynsky "National Park

nzvimbo iyi kunoratidzwa guru-siyana zvinomera. National Park "Khvalynsky" (Saratov nharaunda) kunoratidzwa pamberi nemipaini masango ari choko outputs pamusoro tertiary sand uye nemiouki masango ari vachena nevhu. A maitiro chepfungwa Park masango ndiyo kuvapo "choko" dzatsatsa. Choko mupaini - a kakasaririra, endemic uye dzinongoitika Monument nzvimbo panguva imwe chete.

National Park "Khvalynsky" pane ndima yayo 21 marudzi zvinomera zviri zvinoera uye endemic. Vose vari Red muBhuku Russia. It solyankovidnaya gavakava, chinonhuhwira gillyflower, nemicheka-leaved peony, Volga bloodroot, vanoverengeka mhando neminhenga uswa.

To kakasaririra zvirimwa zvinosanganisira horsetails (chando uye munda), ferns. Pano kukura kwayo mashoma mhuka. Inosangana lanceolate wouchi imbwa akasimuka navakadzi athyrium. By zvisaririra zvinosanganisirawo ephedra uye ephedra dvukoloskovy Scots mupaini. The International Red Book akaita kwomukadzi wacho patapata

Animals "Khvalynsky" National Park

No zvishoma siyana uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka. Pano gumi vakanyorwa Tupukanana marudzi zvaisanganisira Dzvuku muBhuku Russia.

herpetofauna

boka iri zvinosanganisira 15 marudzi nezvinokambaira uye amphibians, izvo ndezvaJehovha genera 12 uye 10 mhuri. Ichi 68,2% of herpetofauna mhiri Saratov nharaunda.

Zvinokambaira vanomirirwa nyoka Nikolsky, riri kunyorwa muna Red Book of Russian Federation, Anguis fragilis, vanhuwo copperhead uye inowanzorimwa semvumbi.

shiri

Kunyanya vakapfuma National Park "Khvalynsky" watch. In ichi yakadzivirirwa nzvimbo panguva dzakasiyana-siyana kugara kusvika 165 eshiri. Nokuti 113 vavo, nzvimbo iri musha, apo ivo inoberekesa.

By nesting howa zvinosanganisira passerines zhinji. nzvimbo chinokosha inogarwa shiri dzamakondo mupaki shiri vemunharaunda chivako. On yose ndima inogona kuwanikwa gora vanhuwo, zvakajairika kestrel, norukodzi, Black Kite, Hobby. Mune floodplain rwizi Tereshka anogara murove harrier. Musango nzvimbo inogarwa Sparrowhawk uye Goshawk. Yakanyorwa zvachose gnezdovisch gondo wandei chena-tailed. Gore negore, mupaka zvakanyorwa nesting kuvigwa, nguva nenguva - chinyamudzura zvinofungirwa kuti pane ruminant uye negora.

On kuchengetedza nharaunda, unogona kuona Beaver, tsuro, gava, nembira, mhumhi, dondo uye inowanzorimwa polecat uye dzimwe mhuka. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa yakakwirira yevagari arambe achirema pamusoro day of marmot, unova chikafu chikuru wamarinda muvhu.

Kunotichengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza matanho

Khvalynsky National Park huru utsanana uye utano basa. Pane kugara nokuveza tagovera uye akafa zvikamu kudondo, pakuzvibvisa pakusvibiswa. basa kwakadaro kuitwa aite I kuramba kana haangotongi utsanana kuchekwa, kunyanya kuitwa munzvimbo idzi yedondo apo ngozi huru moto uye kunyanya kubereka nezvipembenene.

dondo Restoration

Mabasa aya anosanganisira: nokuumba utano uye inogona kuenderera dondo rabha kuti kuvandudzwa rakavhurika nzvimbo iri Semi-rakavhurika, kana kuvharwa. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti pave dzezvimwe zvakasiyana yakakwirira aesthetic, utsanana-Utsanana zvivako uye yakakwirira pakusimba. On akavezwa zvikamu pakarepo miti vaduku uye utano. Planting zvinhu zviri biennial mupaini mizambiringa yakabva kumwe.

Protection yemhuka

"Khvalynsky" National Park ane nhamba zvinokosha. Chinonyanya kukosha kwavari - kudzivirira mhuka. Gore negore, vakabata pano biotechnical matanho kuti kuvandudza nyika, kuwedzera uwandu mhuka. Kugara akagadzira uye akaita zvadzinofura nzvimbo itsva, basa riri kuitwa kudzivirira kufa mhuka. Kuramba anochengeta uchiongorora pakugoverwa uye zvakawanda makuru ungulates. National Park "Khvalynsky" - akadzivirirwa nharaunda, izvo zvinorambidzwa zvachose kundovhima. Chakandibatsira kuzvivaraidza hove chete.

rudekaro

Gumi wabvunza mupaki hunhu mudungwe munzira. Famba pamusoro mumwe rinovapo kwemaawa anenge matatu. Vazhinji pano pakupera kwevhiki. Asi izvozvo kushanya vanofanira kugadzirira chero zvazvingava, zvokudya kutora navo zvakakodzera, sezvo ari kuchengeterwa pane Datenroku. Pane chete tii, iyo inopa anonhuwira mishonga tii.

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