National gamba mutongi Juan Perón: Biography, mabasa uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

The ramangwana musoro Argentina wacho Juan Perón akaberekwa musi October 8, 1895 mu Buenos Ayrose mumhuri neavhareji mari. In hwake, akapinda muchiuto chikoro. Zviri anoonga kuhondo Perón akatanga yake rezvematongerwe.

makore okutanga

Juan Perón aiva minzwa chaizvo nzira pakubwinya. Muna 1936-1938 gg. Aiva uto attaché muna Embassy kuArgentina muChile. Zvino kutamira Italy. Ikoko Perón akatanga kudzidza sayenzi zvechiuto mumakomo. Argentinian vakapedza kwetemu paUniversity nokuTurin. Perón Juan Domingo kumusha kwake muna 1941.

Nepo Argentina ari kusangana chakakomba zvoupfumi. Pane akatonga evanhu kusawirirana, nzanga chakarasikirwa nesimba levers. Under izvi zvinhu akava pedyo uto kubvuta masimba. June 4, 1943 akamutsa vagari Buenos Aires vakadzidza kuti masoja ravarwi vakakomba chigaro wehurumende uye vaimbove mutungamiri Ramon Castillo akatiza nerumwe divi.

Mumugwagwa simba

Perón aiva mumwe varongi zvemauto akabvuta chigaro muna 1943. Pakazosvika nguva atova konoro, asi haana kusiyana kuzivikanwa pakati zvavo. Mushure pakuputsa nehurumende yaivapo Juan Perón akava Minister of Labor. Panguva yake post, aishingaira pamwe hunotovapo zvokutengeserana mibatanidzwa nokusika vatsva vari sectors apo havapo. Murume uyu akanga ari initiator mutemo pamusoro "zvakanaka basa" uye dzimwe akakurumbira zvakagadzirwa.

The chikuru Mbiru kutsigira Perón vaiva radicals, Labor uye Chechi. Uyewo chikamu kwaari tsitsi pamwe vezvourudzi. Pakupera kwa1945, Juan Domingo Perón akapinda nhangemutange wenyika. kukunda kwake kwakabatsira asina hanya evanhu netsika kushorwa simba rake. Perón pachake chakapenya kutaura inopenya pasina bhachi, umo akakurudzira kuvaka kubatsira varombo uye vachishingaira kupindira upfumi mamiriro. Iye mudzidziso tariro nokuda Argentina mutsva - imwe nyika isina vakatambura muHondo Yenyika II uye Taigamuchira vashandi vakawanda European.

The itsva mutungamiri National

Nzvimbo President Juan Perón akauya June 4, 1946, uye muna 1952 akanga kuzodzosera ndigowana kechipiri izwi. Mutungamiri mutsva akavaka asingatani yokugutsikana uye zvoupfumi. Kana akatanga nationalization akaitwa wokumwe-anazvo. Panguva iyoyo, Argentina ari kushingaira aivigirwa hazvo (kunyanya zviyo uye oilseeds) ari nehondo Europe.

Sezvakavimbiswa Juan Perón, gamba renyika, mudzvinyiriri akaita zvakawanda kuti tive nechokwadi chokuti hurumende akatanga kupindira mune upfumi pazviri mutambo pamberi chaizvo yechipiri basa. First simba zvose yatora ose njanji, gasi uye magetsi. Sezvineiwo zvakawedzera uwandu vashandi vehurumende. Yakatanga rutsigiro nokuti mutemo mitengo (kurohwa zvinomutsa mitengo vanamuzvinabhizimisi subsidized nomumwe sectors). Argentina pane zveupfumi uye enyika kosi apo Perón akanzi "Peronism".

kuona zvavaitarisira

Kamwe nesimba, Perón aidavira kuti nokukurumidza United States uye Soviet Union achava kukonzera hondo yenyika wechitatu. kunetsana rakadaro zvakare kuunza zvinobatsira Argentina, kudiwa nenhumbi izvo chete akura. Muna 1950 vakatanga yeKorea War, uye Perón munyaya ake kuti dzakabudiswa mupepanhau "Democracy", akaporofita kuti iye kuchawedzera munyika. The President akanga akarasika.

Dambudziko raiva kuti oma policies kwoupfumi pamusoro Perón vasingagoni zvibereko nokusingaperi. Autarky kwaibatsira chete sechinhu Transitional nechiyero. Zvino Argentina aida chinhu chitsva. tariro Second Perón, kuwedzera Hondo Yenyika II, raiva chidzoke rudzi bourgeoisie simba. Kuti aikwanisa kuumba maindasitiri matsva uye mabasa kuti murege inoda ehurumende dzinopiwa. bourgeoisie kwakadaro simba kuArgentina akaonekwa. Entrepreneurs vaiva vakangwarira, vakatya mari mukurima itsva uye vakaedza kuramba tsika dzine youpfumi munyika.

chechipiri izwi

Kukundikana netariro Perón ari pamusika zvinhu zvakazoita kuti chokwadi kuti wokutanga yose nyika yake izwi kungotaura kudya mari kuponeswa uye ndakawana kuti rinorema kwemakore ake post-hondo. Zvichitevera ake apiwa sarudzo itsva-gore matanhatu rokuti musoro wehurumende vakasarudza kuchinja mutemo. Panguva iyoyo, zviratidzo zvoupfumi wokutanga Somuenzaniso, yava devalued pesoa. Mukuwedzera, muna 1951-1952 gg. kwemvura hwapararira nyika, achiparadza zvakawanda zviyo chirimwa.

Panguva yake yokutanga izwi semutungamiri Juan Domingo Perón - Argentine tariro vazhinji vemo uye national mutungamiri - havana kuzeza kuva anomanikidza uyo vakarwa kuparadzana. Danho rokutanga mirayiridzo iyi muna 1948 raiva yavasina Supreme Court vatongi, izvo mhosva enyika. Ipapo Perón akatanga kuchinja zvinhu bumbiro. The itsva mutemo chikuru munyika, vakapfuura muna 1949, akabvumira purezidhendi kuti reelected kwenguva yechipiri izwi.

vatorwa negwaro

In international munhandare , President kuArgentina chakabvaruka pakati nyika mbiri dzine - US uye USSR. Nhasi, zvinofungidzirwa kuti akatangira ano vasiri dzichienderana kufamba yaiva "nzira yechitatu", iro kusarudzwa Juan Perón. Biography of mutungamiri National, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, yave chokuita Europe. Aida kutaura pamusoro zvakaenzana usakurirwe United States (mukuvamba Hondo Yapera, Argentina aiva mumwe upfumi kupfuura munyika). Somugumisiro, Perón pachena kure pachake kubva mbiri dzine.

Argentina haana kubatana International Monetary Fund nemamwe masangano akafanana. Panguva iyoyowo, vamiriri ayo akapotsa nguva dzose akavhotera muna UN uyewo United States. Munzira dzakawanda, kuti "nzira yechitatu" kwaingova zvinotaurwa nevezvematongerwe pane dzakazara negwaro.

Kutanga mugumo

Muna 1953, panguva imwe yake paruzhinji kuonekwa Perón Aires, paiva Kuputika wandei. Achipindura kwacho nemapurisa padzinenge akatanga. Power akatora mukana kutsemuka pasi kushorwa (weConservative, Socialist nemamwe mapato). Nokukurumidza, nyika yakatanga Ranwa vashandi. Peronists vakaedza Gloss pamusoro chokwadi pamusoro mhirizhonga. Pehurumende pepanhau haana kurega mashoko pamusoro kuitika munyika nemhirizhonga.

The kunetsana nechechi

Pakupera 1954 Perón zvichida akaita chikanganiso chake chikuru. Akaita kutaura umo vakapomera Argentine Catholic Church ndechokuti zvazova nemadzinza yokushorwa simba, izvo zvinofanira combated. Takatanga kutambudzirwa chitendero wokutanga.

Pakutanga, chechi akaedza haana kupindura kurwisa Perón. Zvisinei, pashure kutaura kwake panguva kwechaunga wakashandura kumboonekwa Anti-zvevafundisi rutsigiro. Somugumisiro, kereke chaizvoizvo akatanga wokubatanidza kupikiswa. Murunyararo mudungwe ikava vairatidzira ruzha enyika. Zviremera zvakatanga kutora Anti-zvevafundisi mitemo (abolition rokubva zvidzidzo muzvikoro Catholic, uye zvichingodaro. D.).

kubvuta masimba

Sezvo hasha shoko rake mauto akasarudza kutaura. Havana kuita mutemo, yakanga kwaitungamirirwa Juan Domingo Perón. Biography of President, zvisinei kuti kunozivikanwa pamberi haana, asingagoni kupembedza zvikanganiso ake itsva. Wokutanga kuedza yakaitika June 16, 1955. Navy ndege wakabhombwa ari Plaza de Mayo, apo yakanga kunge Perón. The varongi pakati kurwiswa vaiva zvakaipa. Mazana evanhu vasina mhosva vakaurayiwa kubhomba. Pazuva iroro, Buenos Aires akamborara idzva sefungu pogroms dzechitendero.

September 16 akarererwa kupanduka Cordoba. Kutya (kana havadi ropa) Perón akatora potera rekupinda kweParaguay. Inoita haufi hurumende vakadonha mumazuva mashomanana. Zviitiko vakadaidzwa muArgentina "Liberation Revolution". President aiva General Eduardo Lonardi.

Dzokerai simba

Mushure kubvuta masimba, Perón akakwanisa kufamba kunze. Iye vakagara Spain, kwaaigara kweanenge makore makumi maviri. Panguva ino, Argentina ane kanoverengeka vakachinja enyika kosi. Imwe hurumende unotsiva vamwe, asi panguva ino nerimwe gore pakati vakawanda vakakura nostalgic nokuda tsaru mazuva peronovskim. The nyika airwara remagandanga kufamba, uye kunyange vava kuda disintegration.

Achishanda kubva kunze kwenyika, Perón mukutanga kwema1970 akasimbisa "Hustisialistsky Liberation Front" - kufamba, izvo akabatana chaiwoiwo Peronists uye vezvourudzi, kuzvikudza uye vatsigiri gutsaruzhinji. Fume musarudzo muna 1973-refu vakamira gamba renyika, yakahwina kuondomoka kukunda. Akadzoka kumba zuva risati - apo vatsigiri vake kare nehurumende, uye akanyangarika njodzi udzvanyiriri kana kutambudzwa enyika. Juan Perón, mumwe Biography pfupi kuti kusiyanisa dzinokanganisa zhinji kunoshamisa, akafa musi waJuly 1, 1974-ndipo. nguva yake yechitatu havana kugara kunyange gore.

upenyu Personal uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Munguva 40s hapana zvishoma akakurumbira pakati vanhu, sezvo zvichienzaniswa mutungamiriri yenyika, akashandisa mukadzi wake Eva (kana Evita). Iye akatungamirira Vakadzi Peronist bato. Muna 1949, ivo Argentine vakadzi akawana kodzero dzokuvhota. Juan uye Evita Perón aiziva sei kududza mashoko rinopisa akatungamirira Peronism nevatsigiri munenge dzechitendero kufarisisa. Charitable Foundation First Lady chaizvoizvo akaita mashandiro anoita Bazi Social Development. Eva Perón akafa muna 1952 aine makore 33. Chinokonzera rufu wake nekenza dumbu.

Eva aiva mudzimai Perón wechipiri. mudzimai wake wokutanga, Aurelia akafa muna 1938. Kechitatu Perón airidza muchato 1961. vanotodzoka vakasarudzwa akava Isabel. Kana yekare Mutemo 1973 akamhanyira zvakare mutungamiri wenyika, mukadzi wake akaenda musarudzo sezvo mutungamiri dzezvakaipa. Pashure Perón afa iye akatora shama pambiru. The mukadzi akagara simba kwenguva refu. Makore isingasviki miviri gare gare, March 24, 1976 hondo akaita mumwe nemauto kubvuta masimba waiparadza Isabel. Vemauto Akamutendera kuSpain. Pane-makore 85 mukadzi anogara nhasi.