Musimboti masero dzevanhu: mamiriro, mashandiro uye mavambo

The Sero neerekitironi - chinhu chinodiwa Urongwa nerimwe eukaryotic muviri. organelle ichi kuita zvakasiyana-siyana mashandiro, asi chinangwa chacho chikuru - ndiyo kuchengetera uye kupararira enhaka magene zvinhu.

Zvinenge Sero ose ari mumuviri womunhu ane core. The chete kunze ndiwo maplatelet uye masero matsvuku eropa. Vazhinji mononuclear masero, asi Somuenzaniso, tsandanyama fibers uye Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu vangava vanoverengeka organelles izvi. Musimboti muchitokisi angava akasiyana saizi - guru renyukireya mamiriro ari munhukadzi zai.

Cell neerekitironi: mamiriro

The tsanga ane panzvimbo kunzwisisa chivakwa uye ine renyukireya hamvuropu, chromatin, nucleolus uye nucleoplasm. Ngatimboonai mumwe mugove zvizere.

• Karioteka kana Kamudzira yenyukireya - nemamiriro kuti Anopatsanura womukati hwaiitwa musimboti kubva cytoplasm. Zvichisanganisa goko iyi wokunze uye yomukati membranes, pakati ine vanonzi perinuclear nzvimbo. Sezvineiwo, kuruvanze Kamudzira mumuhara inopfuura zvakananga kupinda Kamudzira pamusoro granular endoplasmic reticulum, saka ESR mhango uye chinoumba Matangi interconnected. A goko ane zvenyukireya pores, namahwindo aperture. Ivo zvakagadzirirwa kupinda makuru mamorekuru, uyewo nokuda kupanana zvinhu pakati karyoplasm uye cytoplasm.
• Karyoplasm - homogeneous zvinhu nezvizere romukati mhango pakati musimboti. Rine nucleolus uye chromatin.
• Chromatin - sero magene zvinhu. STRUCTURAL chikwata Its ari nucleosome inova DNA beach ronda iri chaiyo mapuroteni - histone. Muchitokisi, pane vaviri inoti yokugara zvinhu. Heterochromatin munhu anomirira diki, gobvu granules osmophilic. Euchromatin kana anoputsa chromatin - vari munzvimbo umo zvinoshingaira chokubuda chakaita zvokugadzirwa kwendangariro. Panguva Sero weboka racho chromatin twaumba okutodza.
• Nucleolus - duku denderedzwa marongerwo kuti rine tambo RNA uye mapuroteni mamorekuru. Zviri pano kuti paumbwe ribosome subunits. Chinoumba zvinogona chete kana vakawanda nucleoli, asi vanogona kuonekwa chete mumasero dzisiri kukamuka.

Cell neerekitironi: Rinoshanda

Mashandiro muchitokisi musimboti inogona tsunga nokuverenga chivako. Chokutanga, tsanga ndiye anokonzera nokupfuuridzirwa enhaka mashoko wakaiswa panguva muchitokisi nokupesana, zvose mitosis uye meiosis. Panguva mitosis, mwanasikana masero kugamuchira Gene, inova akafanana kuti mubereki masero. Panguva meiosis (paumbwe kurara masero kwevanhu), sero rimwe anogamuchira chete hafu okutodza - boka rakakwana okutodza aumbwa chete pashure kwemapazi pamwe dzepabonde masero mamwe zvipenyu.

Mukuwedzera, musimboti Sero anokonzera chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvokukura muviri - mapuroteni usage. Chokwadi kuti anogadzirwa chinoumba mashoko, kana mutumwa RNA. Zvadaro anoenda munzvimbo endoplasmic reticulum, wanamatira kuti ribosome uye anoshumira muenzaniso paumbwe peptide morekuru zviri amino asidhi kutevedzana.

Uye sezvazvakatemwa akati, muna chinoumba kubatana kwetunhu ribosomal subunits.

Cell neerekitironi: mavambo

To musi, pane dzakasiyana chaizvo hypotheses, nako masayendisiti ari kuedza kutsanangura sei chinoumba yakaumbwa muchitokisi. Asi zvinosuwisa, hapana mhosva izvi harisati kuwanikwa chaidzo nokusimbisa.

Pane dzidziso kuti musimboti sezvo foni mamiriro aumba somugumisiro pamusoro symbiosis ose ari kwemabhakitiriya masero uye archaea. Zvimwe masayendisiti anodavira kuti makirisito - kunokonzerwa chirwere muchitokisi-chaicho utachiwana.

The tsananguro inonyanya kwakakwana rine anonzi ekzomembrannaya pfungwa. Maererano naye, mukufamba shanduka muchitokisi paiva neimwe yokunze muchitokisi membrane. Panyaya iyi, vatana, yomukati Kamudzira rava panozogadzirika goko - pamusoro nguva yava akasika kunzwisisa maitiro, uye ipapo ayo mhango vakatanga pfungwa chromatin Morekuru.