Munhu kukanganiswa nzira munhoroondo: mienzaniso. Vanhu mararamiro munhoroondo yenyika

Vanhu akachinja nyika, vakawanda kwazvo. Izvi anozivikanwa vanachiremba, vakauya naye nokuporesa zvirwere, uye ndakadzidza kuti akavhiyiwa dzakaoma; enyika akatanga kurwa uye akakunda nyika; ari muchadenga kunoongorora uyo vokutanga orbited Nyika zvayo muchadenga, uye netsoka pamusoro mwedzi, uye zvichingodaro. Zviuru pavo, uye kuudza pamusoro zvose zvinobvira. Nyaya ino rinoronga chete chiduku chikamu geniuses izvi, nemhaka iyo kwaiva zvinowanikwa nesayenzi, kuchinja itsva uye nezvemaitiro art. Ndivo munhu mararamiro kare.

Alexander Suvorov

Mukuru wavarwi, uyo akararama XVIII remakore, rava chitendero munhu. Ndiye munhu chachinja kosi nhoroondo pamwe unyanzvi achiitisa zano rakanaka kuronga nzira inoshandiswa hondo. zita rake rakanyorwa yendarama tsamba nemabhuku emabasa nhoroondo Russian, anoyeukwa somunhu aishanda nesimba chinopenya weuto.

Muupenyu hwake hwose, Alexander Suvorov vakazvipira navavengi uye navavengi. Aiitawo nomwe muchiuto, akatungamirira hondo 60, asingazivi kukundwa. tarenda rake chaiko kwakaoneka mubhuku rake rinonzi "Science Kukunda ', umo iye anodzidzisa chizvarwa chevechiduku unyanzvi zvehondo, anoudzawo ruzivo rwake uye zivo. Munzvimbo iyi, Suvorov aiva mberi nguva yayo mumakore akawanda kuuya.

To chikwereti chake pakutanga ndechokuti vakakwana muitiro yehondo kwakasimbiswa itsva nzira kurwiswa uye kurwiswa. All sainzi ake kwaibva pembiru nhatu: yakakuwandira, nokukurumidza uye ziso rakanaka. Pfungwa iyi mune varwi kutsunga, kukura zvokuita uye pfungwa kuremekedzana nokuda nevamwe vavo. Muhondo, iye aigara akaenda mberi varwi vanhuwo, vachivaratidza muenzaniso ushingi uye heroism.

Catherine II

Uyu munhukadzi kutanga. Sedzimwe hunhu kuti akachinja mararamiro kare, raiva simba rerunziro, simba uye vakangwara. Akaberekwa muna Germany, asi muna 1744 vakasvika Russia somwenga nokuti mwanakomana Empress - Mukuru Duke Peter III. Murume akanga uninteresting uye asisina tariro, ivo akapotsa havana kukurukura. All vakasununguka nguva yakawandisa kuverenga Catherine pamutemo uye zvoupfumi kwemabasa, rinoburitsa pfungwa Kujekerwa. Kuwana pfungwa dzakafanana vanhu paruvanze, iye wakaparadza murume pasina dambudziko kubva pachigaro uye akava dzakazara tenzikadzi Russia.

Kutonga kwake anonzi "yendarama" nokuda kwamachinda. Mutongi kudzorwa Seneti, vakatora nyika dzechechi chezvipo wehurumende, izvo zvabatsira simba uye kuti upenyu nyore zvavo vanhuwo zvavo. Panyaya iyi, simba unhu pamusoro nzira munhau zvinoreva kuitwa mabasa matsva pamutemo. Nekuda Catherine: dzematunhu kuchinja, kuwedzera kodzero uye rusununguko kwamachinda, pakusikwa nemakirasi muenzaniso Western munzanga European uye kudzorerwa chiremera Russia munyika.

Peter Mukuru

Mumwe mutongi Russian uyo akararama makore ane zana pamberi Catherine, vakaitawo guru basa kukura ehurumende. Haasi chete munhu akachinja nzira kare. 1 Peter akava National shasha. It chiziviso mudzidzisi, "unokurudzira yezera," Muponesi Russia, murume akasvinudza meso vanhuwo kuEuropean mararamiro uye utungamiriri. Yeuka mashoko okuti "hwindo Europe"? Saka, zviri Potr Veliky "kucheka" pasinei zvose ake godo.

Peter akava mambo muvandudzi mukuru, izvozvo anochinja kuti hurumende nheyo pakutanga akatya kwamachinda, uye ipapo kuyemurwa. munhu uyu, uyo akachinja mararamiro munhoroondo kuti "nzara uye asina kushambwa" Russian, kuonga kwaari, kufambira mberi zvakawanwa nebudiriro munyika dzokuMadokero dzakanga dzatangwa. Peter Mukuru akakwanisa kuwedzera zvoupfumi uye tsika nemiganhu hwavo umambo, akunde nyika itsva. Russia akaziva guru simba uye akaonga basa yaro dzakawanda munhandare.

Alexander II

Shure Petra Velikogo mambo chete uyo akatanga kupedza saka pamwero mukuru kuchinja. zvakagadzirwa ake kunge yoku- zvachose mufananidzo Russia. Kufanana nevamwe vanhu vanozivikanwa avo mararamiro kare, mutongi uyu anofanira kuremekedza uye kuzivikanwa. Panguva yokutonga kwake chikawira pamusoro XIX remakore.

The huru budiriro aiva mambo pakati abolition ose serfdom kuRussia, iyo makadzivisa hupfumi uye tsika kwemashoko munyika. Chokwadi, kubviswa gadziriro, chakafanana zvikuru muuranda, vaifunga uye vamutangira Alexander II - Ekaterina Velikaya uye Nicholas I. Asi hapana haana kuda kutsauka nheyo mamiriro husisina kumira.

kuchinja kwakadaro zvikuru zvaitika nani kunopera, sezvo nyika yave kutanga kupanduka vasingafari nezvaiitika vanhu. Mukuwedzera, muna 1880s, zvokuchinja zvinhu nemhuru, vanotsamwisa Revolutionary vechidiki. Chevaux-muvandudzi akava nangananga kutyisa kwakazokonzera kuguma kwokushanduka uye zvachose kukanganiswa kukura Russia mune ramangwana.

Lenin

Lenin, yakakurumbira echimurenga, munhu uyo akachinja mararamiro nhoroondo. Lenin akatungamirira pakamukirwa kuRussia pamusoro autocracy. Akatungamirira kuipandukira pamusoro kwezvinovharidzira, zvokuti chevaux Nicholas II rakaparadzwa uye masimba vakasvika simba, vaKomonisiti vane mutemo vakambundirana zana remakore uye kwakaita kuti chinokosha zvikuru kuchinja, muupenyu vanhuwo zvavo.

Kudzidza mabasa Marx uye Shona, Lenin waitsigira kuenzana uye zvakasimba mhosva capitalism. zvakanaka The dzidziso, asi zvakanga zvakaoma chaizvo dzika, sezvo vamiririri vepamusoro achiri vakararama, azvishambidze muumbozha, apo vanhuwo vashandi uye vanhuwo zvavo vakashanda zvakaoma usiku nemasikati. Asi zvakanga zvino, panguva iyoyo Lenin, pakutanga aitarire, zvose akaenda nenzira yaaida nayo.

Nokuti nguva rokutonga Lenin pripadaet zviitiko zvakadai zvakakosha sezvo First World War, hondo yevagari Russia, utsinye uye musoro kupfura yose mhuri youmambo, kuchinjwa guru kubva St. Petersburg kuMoscow, nheyo Red Army, izere pakagadzwa hurumende yeSoviet uye kuitwa yaro yokutanga Constitution.

Stalin

Vanhu mararamiro kare ... In kwavo mazita tsamba nezvitsvuku yakavhenekera zita Iosifa Vissarionovicha. Akava "gandanga" nguva yake. Mujinga pajira riya mumisasa, Soslan mamiriyoni chero vanhu vasina mhosva, anokanda mhuri yose kuti kuparadzana, hazvizivi nzara - izvi zvose zvikuru achinja upenyu hwevanhu. Vamwe vaiona Stalin dhiyabhorosi, vamwe naMwari, sezvo rakanga panguva vakasarudza njodzi ose mugari yeSoviet Union. Kana mumwe kana vamwe, zvechokwadi haana. Kutya vanhu pachavo akamumutsa pamusoro yakatanhamara. Kapoka unhu wakasikwa pamusoro waifarirwa kutya uye ropa mhosva vakaurayiwa yaitonga.

Munhu kukanganiswa nzira history, Stalin, kusiyaniswa kwete chete nokuda vakawanda kutya. Chokwadi, zvipo zvake munhoroondo Russia ine zvakanaka divi. Rakanga munguva yokutonga kwake, hurumende yakaita zvoupfumi budiriro simba, akatanga kuva masangano yesayenzi uye tsika. Ndiye akamira musoro kwehondo kuti vakundwa Hitler uye akaponesa Europe kubva Fascism.

Nikita Khrushchev

Zviri vasingabvumirani chaizvo munhu uyo akachinja mararamiro nhoroondo. Its-chinja hunhu zvakanaka akaratidza chakavakwa tombstone ake, vaviri akaita dombo dema uye chena. Khrushchev, kune rumwe rutivi, Stalin aiva murume, uye pamusoro mumwe - mutungamiriri vaiedza kupwanya kunamatwa unhu. Akatanga okunyanyisa kuchinja kuti vaifanira zvachose kushandura reropa rine hurongwa, asunungurwa kubva mumisasa, mamiriyoni vasungwa mhosva, akaregererwa mazana ezviuru avo vakatongerwa rufu. Iyoyo anotonzi "nyungudika," nokuti kumisa kutambudzwa uye kutya.

Asi Khrushchev haana kuziva sei kuunza zvinhu zvikuru kusvika kumagumo, saka rinogona kunzi nehafu mikukutu kuchinja. Kushaikwa dzidzo akamuita anodzvinyirira murume, asi kunzwisisa kukuru, dzinongoitika chikonzero uye enyika mupfungwa akamubatsira refu saka kugara rokumusoro echelons simba uye kuwana nzira yokubuda panjodzi. Zviri achionga Khrushchev akakwanisa kunzvenga hondo yenyukireya munguva iri Cuban chombo dambudziko, uye kunyange kutendeuka peji zvikuru ropa munhoroondo Russia.

Dmitri Mendeleev

Russia wakasika vazhinji ngoro huru nani munzvimbo dzakasiyana nesayenzi. Asi Mendeleev anomira panze, somupiro rayo budiriro kunokosha. Kemisitiri wefizikisi, zvemaumbirwo, dzezvoupfumi, evanhu - zvose nguva ino yokudzidza Mendeleev uye wovhura sectors ava horizons itsva. Akanga kwaizivikanwa shipbuilder, balloonist uye Encyclopedic.

Munhu kukanganiswa nzira kare, kuti Mendeleyev akaziva periodic mutemo, izvo anobvumira kufanotaura chidzoke idzva zvine maatomu akafanana, kuvhurika izvo zvinoitika mumazuva edu. Ake tafura - chawo kemisitiri zvidzidzo kuchikoro yunivhesiti. Pakati yezvaakaita wenguva kuongorora negasi emuchina, kuedza kuti akabatsira zvinowana mukana wokuti vanhu vanga negasi wehurumende.

Mukuwedzera, musayendisiti nokushingaira kudzidza ehupfumi mafuta mutemo dzakabudirira aizomupa mari mukati upfumi uye zvinganaka optimize tsika basa. Anokosha Mazano ake inoshandiswa vashumiri youmambo simba zhinji.

Ivan Pavlov

Sezvo vose unhu, akachinja nzira kare, akanga akangwara chaizvo, sedzisingasaruri uye womukati kunzwisisa. Ivan Pavlov vachishingaira kushandiswa kuedza ake mhuka, kuedza kusimbisa zvakajairika kuti zvimwe zvinhu zvoupenyu kunzwisisa zvinenge, kusanganisira vanhu.

Pavlov akakwanisa akasiyana-siyana zvaiitwa tsinga harinzwi munyika kumwoyo. It kunoratidzwa sei kuti vagus etsinga anogona chengetedza BP. Asi chikafu akawana etsinga chinosara chiri simba pamusoro nedanho etsinga patsva uye tishu inotungamirwa.

Gare gare iye vakasimudza physiology pamusoro zvomudumbu turakiti, zvichiguma vakagamuchira Nobel Prize muna 1904. Kubudirira kwake chikuru anonzi kuva kudzidza uropi, wakakwidzwa huta basa, riine hunenge uye anonzi munhu aramu hurongwa. mabasa ake akava hwaro zhinji dzidziso mukurapa.

Mikhail Lomonosov

Akararama uye aishanda yaitonga Petra Velikogo. Ipapo kusimbisa yakaiswa pamusoro pokumuka dzidzo uye ruzivo, uye wokutanga Russian Academy of Sciences akasikwa, umo Lomonosov akapedza vazhinji mazuva ake. Aiva nyore murimi mudiki, akakwanisa kumuka rinoshamisa miti, mhanyai akakwidza chinzvimbo chakakwirira uye kuva musayendisiti, kubwinya muhwezva iyo rinopfuurira kusvikira nhasi.

Akafarira zvose kuti chokuita wefizikisi uye kemisitiri. Okupedzisira aida kusunungura pasimba mushonga uye mishonga. Yakanga nekuvongwa iye kuti ano kemisitiri chaiko somunhu sayenzi akaberekwa uye akatanga kukura nokushingaira. Uyezve, akanga akakurumbira weduramanzwi, akadzidza nhoroondo uye vakanyora nhoroondo. Peter Mukuru iye akafunga mutongi vakanaka, anokosha kukura ehurumende. In mabasa avo kwesayenzi, akatsanangura nayo wezvaizogona mupfungwa, rakachinja nhoroondo uye akashandura pfungwa yacho administrative hurongwa. Chaicho Lomonosov mu yunivhesiti Russia wokutanga rakaumbwa - Moscow. Kubvira panguva iyoyo, akatanga kuva dzidzo yepamusorosoro.

Yuri Gagarin

Vanhu kukanganiswa nzira kare ... The Pamazita Zvakaoma kufungidzira kusina Yuri Gagarin, munhu akakunda nzvimbo. Azere nzvimbo akakwezva vanhu kwemazana emakore, asi chete muzana remakore rapfuura, vanhu vakatanga yawo kukura. Panguva iyoyo paiva atova tsime kunyatsobudirira hwokugadzira hwaro ndege dzakadaro.

Space Age aizivikanwa makwikwi pakati Soviet Union neUnited States. Vatungamiri vaRafa nyika dzakaedza kuratidza simba ravo uye ukuru, uye nzvimbo yaiva imwe yakanakisisa nzira iyi dzinoratidza. Pakati XX remakore kukwikwidzana pamusoro ndiani achatuma munhu kupinda muchadenga. Munhangemutange iyi, akakunda USSR. Tose tinoziva nomureza musi kubva chesekondari: April 12, 1961 yokutanga asitironati vachimbundira muchadenga, apo akapedza maminitsi 108. unhu ichi anonzi Yuri Gagarin. The zuva pashure ake rwendo muchadenga, akava nomukurumbira munyika yose. Kunyange, ndezvokuti, iye kumbofunga pachake guru. Gagarin Zvinowanzotaurwa kuti awa nehafu akanga asina nguva kunyange kunzwisisa chii chaiitika kwaari uye chii vari manzwiro ake panguva imwe chete.

Alexander Pushkin

Inonzi "zuva wokuRussia nhetembo". Akanga refu kubva kuva chiratidzo emarudzi Russia, ndima ake, nhetembo uye prose vanokosheswa uye kukudzwa. Uye kwete chete munyika yaimbova Soviet Union, asiwo munyika. Chinenge guta ose muRussia pane mugwagwa, mativi kana sikweya, zita Aleksandra Pushkina. Vana vanodzidza kuchikoro, kubasa rake, achipedzera iye haana chete mumaawa chikoro uye pashure chikoro uye muchimiro Category manheru chaiko.

Uyu murume akasikwa saka rinopindirana nhetembo, kuti hakuna vakaenzana munyika. With okugadzira zvinhu ake akatanga kuva mabhuku matsva uye zvose zvayo Genres - kubva nhetembo kusvikira yemitambo dambe. Pushkin kuverenga mweya mumwe. Ane kururama, mutinhimira mitsetse, vari nomusoro nokukurumidza uye nyore kudzokororwa. Kana isu funga zvikuru vavhenekerwe murume, simba rake tsika uye rakadzika yomukati chinoumba, zvinganzi nharo kuti ndiye chaiye munhu akachinja nzira kare. Akadzidzisa vanhu kutaura muchiRussia mukududzira ayo ano.

Other evanhu

Kune vakawanda kuti kunyora zvose muna imwe nyaya haazobudiriri. Heino mienzaniso chikamu chiduku vatungamiri Russian, uyo akachinja nhoroondo. Uye kune zvakawanda sei vakawanda vamwe? Izvi Gogol uye Dostoevsky uye NdiTolstoy. Kana isu ongorora unhu vatorwa, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa vazivi vekare Aristotle uye Plato; Artist: Leonardo da Vinci, Picasso, changes; geographers uye vawana nyika: Magellan, Cook uye Columbus; Masayendisiti: Galileo uye Newton; enyika: Thatcher, Kennedy uye Hitler; Vavambi: Bell uye Edison.

Vose vanhu ava vakakwanisa kutendeuka zvachose nyika zvachose pasi, kuti asike mitemo yavo pachavo, uye zvinowanikwa nesayenzi. Vamwe vakaita kuti nyika ive nzvimbo iri nani, uye mumwe chete akanga asina kuparadzwa. Chero zvazvingava, mazita avo aizivikanwa ose munhu pamusoro Pasi uye kuti upenyu hwedu zvaizova zvakasiyana zvachose pasina vanhu ava. Kuverenga nhoroondo dzeupenyu vanhu vakakurumbira, tinowanzoverenga zvifananidzo, nayo uchida kutora muenzaniso uye kuva zvose mabasa ake nezviito.