Mienzaniso kutaura zvikanganiso. Speech zvikanganiso mumabhuku: Mienzaniso

Shoko - chinhu chinokosha hwedu hwezuva nezuva, uye chidimbu mubvunzo. chikwata ichi vanogona kunyatsonzi chinhu chaizvo yakasiyanasiyana uye vhoriyamu. Uchibatsirwa kwayo, hatidi chete kupa zita mananara uye zvinhu, asi kuti pfungwa dzavo uye manzwiro. Nemusoro chikuru mienzaniso kutaura zvikanganiso, unogona kudzivisa navo mune ramangwana uye kuti rako kutaurirana maitiro mamwe wakachena.

Kana isu kusarudza shoko kutaura, zvinokosha kufunga akawanda zvinhu. Izvi zvinosanganisira, pakutanga kwezvose, ndezvaJehovha manyorero coloring, nzira yakakodzera padanho kushandiswa uye kugarisana nevamwe zvinoumba pfungwa. Kana ukatadza kuita kunyange chimwe mitemo iyi, mukana kutaura chinhu chakaipa kuwedzera yekudyidzana.

Kuongorora ukoshi

Mienzaniso kutaura zvikanganiso kazhinji nokuti kuti mukurukuri haasi kunzwisisa zvinoreva shoko uye vanoshandisa mumamiriro ezvinhu zvisina akakodzera ichi. Somuenzaniso, muna okuti "moto kupisa kusimba," The vaishandisa rechiito nemazvo. It ane mbiri rinoreva.

Wokutanga wavo - a "pisa, vakuchidzire refu tembiricha", uye yechipiri - ". Kuvhundutswa" Pakadaro, kungava zvikuru musoro kushandisa shoko "kugabhuka". It chete inopa zvinoreva kuti munyori akaedza aiswe chando.

irrelevance

Kazhinji vakurukuri vanoshandisa notional uye dzichipfekeka mazwi, pasina kufunga semantics dzavo. Kazhinji kune vakadaro mashoko zvikanganiso munhau. Mienzaniso izvi zvinogona kuva mumwe wevaya "nokuda kuti dutu, ikauraya zviuru zvakawanda vanhu." Chikonzero icho kutanga mutsara uyu apere chete iwayo ezvinhu apo tinoda kutaura kuti nokuti zvinodikanwa, asi kwete kuparadza mugumisiro.

Hunhu yokukanganisa iri kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro abstraction shoko rechiito, iyo zvakasimbisa ayo chidzoke. Kana pamusoro, pane "kuonga" kuti kudiwa kutaura "nokuti", "yakakodzera" kana "somugumisiro."

Similar, asi zvakasiyana

Chero nzvimbo yebasa kusingadzivisiki kutaura zvikanganiso. Mienzaniso upenyu vari chinowanzonzi pakusarudza mazwi, pfungwa iyo dzakasiyana chawo nokupesana. Ndiko, tiri kutaura pamusoro mubatanidzwa zvakafanana akapoteredza chaiyo uye husingaoneki nemashoko. Saka, kazhinji pane anoshamisira manyorero "kupa mushonga kuti vakapindwa muropa nezvinodhaka uye zvimwe zvirwere zvachose." Kana isu kutaura chirwere, unofanira kushandisa zita raro, pane kutaura vanhu vanotambura nawo. Pakadaro, kungava yakarurama kushandisa shoko "muropa".

Pamatanho ose, takamirira matauriro uye girama zvikanganiso. Mienzaniso izvi saka akadzika midzi muupenyu hwedu kuti isu angasaona kuti tinotaura zvakanaka. nyaya idzi ndezvaJehovha zvisizvo paronyms. Vanhu vazhinji kunyonganisa okuti "rwendo" (munhu kunyora tsamba) uye "yatumira" (yatumira nemunyori). Kuti vasanyadziswa, unongofanira kuva kuyeuka kukosha mashoko matambudziko akadaro.

mismatched

Chimwe perennial dambudziko vanhu vazhinji - ndechokuti havasi kutevera lexical combinability mashoko kuti wakataura. Pashure pezvose, kana tikasarudza zvakanaka shoko, unofanira kuchengeta ziso kwete chete nokuda kwayo mabhuku kukosha. Havasi zvivako zvose zvinogona zvichipindirana interconnected. Kuti tirambe pakuenzanisa kutaura, zvakakodzera kufunga semantics, manyorerwo, zvivakamutauro zviri mashoko uye kwete chete.

Unogona kuwana zvakasiyana siyana inopa nokutaura zvikanganiso. Mienzaniso iyi mhando zvinogona: "Baba vakanaka zvakakodzera kuratidza nzwisa vana vako." Muchiitiko ichi zvakakosha kushandisa shoko "muenzaniso".

Anoreva zvakafanana, homonyms, paronyms

With zvisina anoreva zvakafanana kazhinji akabatanidza pakutaura zvikanganiso paterevhizheni. Mienzaniso zvinowanzobatanidzwa isiri kusarudza mashoko uye mupfungwa dziberekane ari kutsanangurwa kushandiswa kwayo: "The Director General akaita zvakakomba, uye pakarepo kuisa pamusoro kururamisa nayo." Zviri nani kuti izvi zvaizoita kuti zvinhu zvimire rimwe kwazvakarerekera shoko "kukanganisa", pane jargon dzakasarudzwa.

Homonyms uye kazhinji mhaka sizvo mashoko. Kana musingavaregereri muvakweve pakati chechinyorwa, zvinoreva mashoko aya achava anyatsooneka. Asi pane nguva apo vari kushandiswa zvachose kukodzera kuti izvi. Paakanzwa mutongo "Zvino vashandi vari yakanaka ezvinhu," hatigoni edza ndiani kana chii chiri mungozi: Team kana ngoro. Pakadaro, pasina rumwe chechinyorwa kuita.

Types kutaura yokukanganisa (tigokuitira mienzaniso Papera) kazhinji nokuti kuti kutaura zvakanaka kushandisa zvakawanda mashoko. Kuti tidzivise kuri kutsauka zvakadaro, hanya zvinofanira kutorwa sechinhu chinogamuchirika yeshoko rokuti kuti mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu.

A zvikuru basa iri kuridzwa ne akapoteredza. Uchibatsirwa, tinogona kunzwisisa zvairehwa nemashoko mazhinji. Muenzaniso - "iye raspelas". Pasina zvimwe tsanangudzo zvakaoma kunzwisisa, kuti heroine ainakidzwa kuita zviito kana kungoti kuwedzera.

Rakawandisa kana zvishoma

A yoga chikamu mukuronga vaitaura - ndiko kushandiswa verbosity. Types kutaura zvikanganiso mienzaniso inokurukurwa pazasi:

1. Pleonasm (kushandiswa anoreva zvakafanana, uye panguva imwecheteyo zvisingakoshi izvi mashoko): "muenzi Mumwe akagamuchira chirangaridzo."
2. Zvisingakoshi Mashoko (kwete nekuda lexical zvakafanana, asi nokungoti vari kupfimbwa harifaniri kushandiswa): ". Ipapo chokwadi kuti unogona kunakidzwa noupenyu, musi waJanuary 10, vachizochenjerera chipo chedu chitoro"
3. Tautology (a pfungwa shoma kuti vane midzi kana zvimwe morpheme): "Kambani yedu iri akamisa mweya zororo."
4. Split okuti (apo tinogona kutaura shoko rimwe, akati wandei zvaikurudzirwa zvinoreva zvakafanana). Kazhinji kune vakadaro mashoko zvikanganiso munhau. Mienzaniso zvingasanganisira: "kurwa" pane "kurwisana", "kudya zvokudya" panzvimbo "ndiyo", etc ...
5. Tupukanana (kazhinji emazita kana nezvimedu, izvo vanhu muzadze vachinyara anombomira mune mashoko avo): "Pancakes", "zvakanaka", "e", uyewo siyana mutauro unonyadzisa.

Mienzaniso kutaura zvikanganiso tiri kazhinji chokuita lexical kukwana mashoko. Izvi kusiya ari mutongo, izvo zvine musoro anofanira kuva imomo. zvakakomba akadaro aripo ari mutongo "kwete kubudisa pamapeji mapepanhau uye terevhizheni mashoko, izvo zvingaita kuti zvehasha kuita." Mumwe anopiwa sokuti munyori anoti, "mumapeji TV."

New uye vakwegura

Mhando dzakawanda pakutaura zvikanganiso mienzaniso zvine chokuita nokushandiswa kukodzera itsva uye mashoko usingachashandi. Kazhinji, vanyori vanotadza kupinda kutaurwa kana kukwira kwavo pachavo, chimiro chavo chisina kukodzera. Somuenzaniso, muna mutongo "gore rino, gadziriro dzinounzwa rubles vanopfuura zviuru makumi maviri," neologism romunyori "gadziriro" rinoreva "makomba kugadzira" risingagoni kunzwisiswa pasina zvimwe chechinyorwa.

Archaisms - mashoko akabuda mumhuri. With zvavo kushandisa vanofanirawo kungwarira. Vamwe vanoomerera zvinyorwa zvavo izvo zvinoda kushandisa mutauro kwazvakarerekera, uye kwete yechinyakare. "Zvino yechikoro inoitwa Mugovera" - ndicho nyaya kuti zvingava nani kutaura "zvino" kuti mashoko musoro maitiro.

mashoko vatorwa

Mienzaniso kutaura zvikanganiso zvinowanzoitika nokuda kushandiswa zvisina kunaka mashoko vanouya nyika yedu kubva kunze kwenyika. Vanhu vakawanda vanogona kukanda akanaka mashoko ari mavambo, kunyange kuguma kunzwisisa zvazvinoreva uye sematicheskie kwerima guru pamberi.

"My urongwa zvokuvakisa ishoma nokuti handina mari." Izvi ndozvazvakaita kana zvakanga zvakafanira kuti ushandise nyore mashoko akafanana okuti "ndiro nomumugwagwa kwaitora nguva."

Nezvinetso mashoko

Speech zvikanganiso mumabhuku, mienzaniso rinogona kuwanikwa mumabhuku akawanda, vari chinowanzonzi sarudzo isiri kwemashoko. Zvingasava zvachose akakodzera imwe wenyaya remutauro colloquialisms, akariposhera uye idioms. Kusarudza Mashoko mapoka aya, unofanira kuva nechokwadi chokuti, sokuziva ikodzere Nyatsobatanidzwai kupinda zvinonyatsorehwa chechinyorwa. Unofanirawo kuomerera pane nyaya imwe chaiyo kunyora maitiro. Kana uchida kuti, "Ini nemumwe muvakidzani pamukova," regai usadana "shaberkoy" (yokukakavadzniswa).

In chirevo "Ndakatenga dzakaonda TV" nani pane dzaishandisa kushandiswa rimwe kwazvakarerekera shoko "dzakaonda" kana "chakaipa", zvichienderana chii zvichireva iwe kuisa mameseji. Zvikasadaro, wako kutaura mugamuchiri irege kunzwisisa zvauri kutaura.

Professional jargon "Bagel" akakodzera ari mutyairi nhaurirano, asi kwete tsanangudzo mutengesi ari kabhini idzva motokari muenzaniso "uye Bagel Chair upholstered mu nematehwe zvechokwadi." Dimikira anokonzerawo zvakawanda nezvinetso zviri zvakarurama kushandiswa: "Uyu murume anogara runodzingira maparera pamberi penguruve." Mashoko aya anoreva "kugadzira, nhema," asi asina mamwe chechinyorwa chinogona sezvadziri.