On kana muUkraine: sei kunyora uye taura pamusoro nemitemo yomutauro wokuRussia?

Mumutauro ano Russian, pane zvakawanda nharo nenyaya. Pakati pavo, mubvunzo sei kunyora, "ari Ukraine" uye "Ukraine". Nezvokumutswa Pakutanga muna 2014 kurwisana pakati muUkraine uye Russian Federation kuti vari kushingaira kufungidzira mitemo zvose munyika. Zvisinei, kana tiri Abstract kubva zvose uye pfungwa zvemutauro, chii chiri kushandisa rokuti? Ngatimbotaurei zvazviri.

Ko girama kunobva mutemo?

Hazvina zvipfuva zvavo nyanzvi mitauro kuvabvunzeiko kodzero mutauro, pasinei nemamiriro ezvinhu enyika, zvinonzi kuzivikanwa kuti hazvisi.

Chokwadi chokuti chete yakagadzikana mutauro akafa. Kurarama zviri dzichichinja, zvinoenderana nemamiriro tsika, zviripo uye enyika chaizvo. Nekuti mutauro - kuchikonzerwa kukurukurirana chokushandisa. Saka, tinofanira kuva panokwanisika sezvinobvira kuti chinangwa ichi uye ichishanduka pamwe vanhu anorishandisa, zvikasadaro nayo vachaparara.

Panyaya iyi, mumwe mubvunzo pamakakatanwa mitauro inofanira kukurukurwa chokuita ezvinhu kwakatungamirira ayo chidzoke.

Ndezvipi pretexts yaishandiswa venhoroondo dzekare

Usati kuteerera mubvunzo: "How kuperetera shoko" Ukraine "kana" Ukraine "," vanofanira zvishoma yeuka nhoroondo munyika ino.

Saka, pashure pokuwa Kievan Rus 'ayo nyika vakakamurwa pakati pachavo zvemisoro akavakidzana. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti musoro neimwe vakatsvaka kusimbisa kuti ndiye mugari wenhaka State, achiwedzera vake rokuti chivakashure "Russia All".

Nokufamba kwenguva, nharaunda iyi yakava simba kupfuura Grand Duchy pamusoro Lithuania, Mukuru Duchy of Moscow uye Humambo kwePoland. Ivo achishingaira akarwa pakati pachavo mahara ndima, razova chinhu mhando buffer mapazi pakati pavo uye mamiriro runochengeta dzavanhu.

Zvichakadai, panyika ino (vechigaro mundima ano Ukraine) vanhu vaigara pamwe pachavo tsika uye mutauro wavo uyo vakakwanisa kuchengeta zvose.

Nemhaka kugara hondo, miganhu vakanga dzichichinja. The yakapoteredza akazozivikanwa nharo nyika - "kumucheto", uye vakatanga kushandisa rokuti "pasi". Mienzaniso kunyora iyi yokutanga, varipo kare muna Galicia-Volyn uye Lviv yaMakoronike.

Panguva kuedza kuti Bogdana Hmelnitskogo iumbe yakazvimirira mamiriro mumaonero zvinyorwa maererano Ukraine, akaramba tsika madzitateguru avo, vachishandisa rokuti "pasi".

Mumazuva ari Russian Empire

Mushure Khmelnitsky akasaina kwemapazi chibvumirano pasi kunyika yake Moscow umambo muna ra1654, Ukraine kwemazana emakore anoverengeka yakaramba chikamu ehurumende uye vatsivi ayo (yokuRussia Empire, Soviet Union). Sei Pamusoroi raishandiswa zvino?

Pashure Muscovy rinochinjwa kuva umambo, panyaya Cossack nehurumende yaiva mukuru akataura shoko rokuti "Little Russia." Panyaya iyi, shoko "Ukraine" rakapfuurira kuti vachishingaira kushandiswa pakutaura. Panguva iyo pane tsika kunyora "muUkraine", iyo yakabudirira hwakagara ane musimboti "muUkraine."

Ndakafunga pamusoro kushandiswa Zvireva mwene A. S. Pushkin?

Munhu wose anoziva kuti ano mabhuku dzemunharaunda mutauro wokuRussia kwaibva mabasa A. S. Pushkina. Chokwadi chaiwo guru repfungwa pamusoro mubvunzo: "How kunyora:" Ukraine "kana" Ukraine "?".

Oddly zvakakwana, asi zvinoshanda zvikuru zvakajairika chisarudzo wechipiri. kunyora kwakadaro kunogona kuwanikwa nhetembo "Poltava", uye yokufungidzira "Eugene Onegin" nhetembo.

Nei Alexander vakanamatira pfungwa iyi? Mhinduro iri nyore. Kufanana vazhinji vaikudzwa iyoyo, Pushkin ataura zvikuru nani French, panzvimbo yavo. Uye mairi rokuti "pasi" kuti nzvimbo haina kushandiswa. Asi, inenge nguva akashandisa nzira "iri» (en). Saka, vajaira kubva pauduku kufunga nokutaura in Russie, en France, kunyora detembo pamusoro Ukraine, Alexander akashandisa akafanana in Ukraine.

Panzira, nokuti chete chikonzero, mumakore iwayo, vakuru vakawanda, kuti mubvunzo: "Sei kutaura?" To "kana" muUkraine "," mhinduro kuti ndezvechokwadi kune wechipiri kuzvipedza. Saka, muna mabasa N. V. Gogolya, L. N. Tolstogo uye A. P. chehova akashandisa pfungwa ne "c".

Ndezvipi pretexts anoshandiswa T. G. Dzhafarova uye P. A. Kulish?

Modern Ukrainian mutauro chaiwo anobva mabasa T. G. Dzhafarova. Akaitei kufunga nezvomubvunzo: "." "Sei kutaura zvakanaka" On "kana" muUkraine Mhinduro iyi inogona kuwanikwa ake nhetembo inoshamisa.

Ivo vakawana vose. Saka nhetembo "Zapovіt" akashandisa mashoko okuti "On Vkraїnі milіy". Muchiitiko chino, basa rake "Dumi moї, Dumi moї" kuchinzi: "In іdіt kumusoro Ukraine, dіti! zvedu Ukraine. "

Dzinobvepi Dzhafarova akatora tsika achinyora 'muUkraine "? Asi shamwari yake panguva uye pedyo - Panteleymon Aleksandrovich Kulish, akasika Ukrainian arufabheti, mu yokufungidzira ake The Cossacks "Blechepsin Batsirai", akanyora "Ukraine"? Uye nei Kobzar aishandisa vaviri sechikonzero?

Mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu, sezvo kuna Pushkin, zvinofanira kutsvaka pakugadzirwa vose vanyori. Saka, Kulish kwete chete akadzidza nhoroondo Ukraine, asi akanga ari Polyglot, vachitaura zvakanaka pamusoro zvinenge mitauro yose necheSalvic uyewo Chirungu, French, German, Spanish, Swedish, uye Latin Staroevreyska. ruzivo kwakadaro rwakafara kwakamubatsira kusarudza rokuti "kusvikira" kwete chete maererano girama, asi nekuda kakawanda kushandiswa kwaro yaMakoronike.

Asi mukuru Kobzar aisagona kuzvirumbidza dzidzo chaiyo. Kubvira pauduku aiziva mutauro kuUkraine, uye kumanikidzwa akazotevera kudiwa iye kudzidza Russian uye Polish. Ndisina yakadzama ruzivo yakadaro mitauro uye girama ravo sezvo Kulish, Dzhafarova kana kunyora kungoshandisa kusarudza kuti zvikuru yakakodzera senhetembo, pasina kufunga nezvazvo nomazvo. Sei akanga kuziva kuti vakawanda mabasa ake kucharevei Ukrainians mune emakore ramangwana?

Chii chikonzero raishandiswa UPR

Pashure pokuchinja kwezvinhu 1917, mune imwe nguva wokuUkraine vanhu Republic (1917-1920.)-Gore matatu, vakawanda pamutemo zvinyorwa maringe zita rekuUnited nyika kushandisa rokuti "pasi".

Zvinofadza kuti, Ukraine apo aiva chikamu USSR, uye vamiririri vazhinji nemagariro uye enyika vepamusoro dzakamanikidzwa kwenyika, mune dzakawanda magwaro ayo kazhinji yakanyorwa "muUkraine."

Nzira Soviet kugadzirisa nyaya

Kana pamutemo chiperengo of USSR, ipapo kwakasarudzwa kushandisa rokuti "pasi". Nenzira, nharo vanoshandisa nhasi, uyo anotsanangura sei kodzero "muUkraine", uye kwete "muUkraine."

Muchiitiko chino, zvakadai nezvechisarudzo akanga atova anosiiwa mitemo kushandiswa Zvireva mwene. Saka pazvinhu dzimwe nyika haisi chitsuwa mhando, uyewo dzeSoviet vakashandisa rokuti "mu". Somuenzaniso, muCanada, muna Kazakhstan.

"In Ukraine" kana "Ukraine" sei, maererano dzemunharaunda hwemazuva Ukrainian chiperengo

Pashure Ukraine akawana rusununguko, nzvimbo dzakawanda dzakanga kudzorwa muna 1991, kusanganisira girama. Kwakasarudzwa kushandisa pachinhu rekuUnited nyika rokuti "mu". Uye kunyorera "riri" akaziva sezvo yechinyakare.

Muna 1993, hurumende Ukrainian pamutemo akabvunza Russian utungamiriri ari kushandisa toreva nezita wehurumende ravo rokuti "mu". Nekuti saizvozvo kunyora dzimwe akazvimirira nyika.

Pakati zvinogutsa zvakanga kuti apo Ukraine aiva chikamu Soviet Union, pazvinhu pazviri, somunhu nharaunda, zvakanga chinogamuchirika kushandisa nzira "riri", sezvakangoita "kuCaucasus." Zvisinei, kuva yoga changamire mamiriro pamwe miganhu zvakajeka, nyika yaiva kugamuchira kodzero kunyora ukuwo, ne "c".

Nzira "muUkraine" uye "Ukraine" maererano nemitemo yomutauro wokuRussia

Achipindura, nyaya wokuUkraine hurumende vakawanda Russian zvitupa akatanga kushandiswa chirevamwene chokuti "mu".

Uyewo, maererano anoda kubhabhatidzwa sayenzi philological M. Grunchenko (mukuru tsvakurudzo pamwe yeRussian Academy of Sciences Institute wokuRussia Language. VV Vinogradov Academy of Sciences), zvinyorwa pamusoro ukama Ukrainian hurumende, zvinokosha kunyora "c". Panyaya iyi, kuti mabhuku dzemunharaunda mutauro wokuRussia ndiyo yepamutemo werudzii anoramba kuva nezvechisarudzo "riri."

The mhinduro chete kuti mubvunzo: "How kunyora:" pamusoro "kana" muUkraine, "" anogona kuwanikwa mukuru chiperengo.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti Ukraine harisi chete rudzi chitsuwa yakazvimirira munyika, pachinhu icho mutauro wokuRussia rinoshandiswa iri rokuti "pasi" uye kwete "mu".

Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti akadaro chinhu chingaitwa nhasi - chiri mutero tsika. Ndinofanira vanorichengeta? Taurai nyaya, kunyanya nhasi, mune chiedza Russian-Ukrainian kurwisana, kana Ukrainians ndinoona kushandiswa rokuti "pasi" somunhu kuvhiringidza pamusoro uchangamire ehurumende.

Sei "enda"

Wakabata pamwe sei kuti zvakanaka "pamusoro" kana "muUkraine" chakakodzera kunyora pamusoro, yava nguva kudzidza "atasve" munyika (kubva pfungwa nemaonero girama).

Saka, muna tsika Soviet zvakanga isingachinji shanduro rokuti "pa", nokuti nyika yakanga chikamu USSR. Avo nhasi vanoramba kushandisa pfungwa iyi, enda "muUkraine."

Zvisinei, zvitupa chokuita zvepabonde kuti nyika, zvakakodzera kushandisa rokuti "mu". Somuenzaniso: "Mutungamiriri US akaenda kuUkraine iri yepamutemo kushanya." Muchiitiko chino, patinotaura pamusoro hurumende ichi sezvo nharaunda, zvakakodzera kuisa rokuti "pasi": "The ruyamuro basa of Red Cross akasvika munharaunda Ukraine."

Kufunga nezvokuti sei kuenda "riri" kana "muUkraine", vanofanira kugara kutarisa akapoteredza. Kana isu kutaura nyika kusvikira August 1991, pazvakava yakazvimirira, tinogona zvakachengeteka kushandisa "pa". Kare, kuti mamiriro asina kurarama, uye panzvimbo yacho yakanga USSR - Republic, kuti sezvo chikamu nyika vakashandisa rokuti "pasi".

Uyai "Kuti" kana "kubva kuUkraine": sei

Wakabata pamwe sei kunyora zvakarurama, "ari Ukraine" uye "Ukraine", zvinokosha achiteerera kushandisa mamwe "nharo" chokumupomera. Saka, kana kutaura murume akauya achibva mundima USSR, maererano Soviet chiperengo mitemo, nguva dzose akashandisa rokuti "ne."

Asi nhasi, kana mubvunzo sei kuti "pasi" kana "muUkraine" kuwedzera akaonekwa zvemutauro, dzinofanira kudzokororwa uye nzira kuti kushandiswa rokuti "kuti" uye "kubva".

Saka, kana isu kutaura uye kunyora pamusoro ano Ukrainian mamiriro, ari kushandisa rokuti "kuti", sezvo dzimwe nyika havasi chitsuwa mhando. Somuenzaniso: "Amai vangu chete vachangobva achibva kuUkraine."

Kana tiri kutaura pamusoro USSR kana Ukraine nguva, ipapo zvakafanira kutaura uye kunyora "c". Somuenzaniso: "The muimbi Soviet huru uye mutambi Mark Bernes akaberekerwa Ukraine."

Zvisinei, kune vaya vasingadi kubata nhoroondo zvose subtleties izvi, zvinokosha kuyeuka kuti mune imwe pfungwa iri akashandisa Zvireva mwene "riri" uye "kubvisa", uye maererano - ". Panze" "mu" uye Saka, mumwe anogara "muUkraine" - rinobva "kubva Ukraine." Uye avo vari "muUkraine" - rinobva "kubva Ukraine."

Kudzidza "pamusoro" kana "muUkraine" inofanira kunyorwa (maererano nemitemo Russian uye Ukrainian girama ano), tinogona kugumisa kuti anenge 100 apfuura, nyaya iri enyika pane mitauro hunhu. Kunyange zvazvo tsika kunyora "muUkraine" - chimedu kare, inova nguva dzose kukosha kuyeuka kuitika enyika kunoda kuti sechikonzero rakachinjwa. Zvisinei, zvakafanana zvinofanira kuitwa muPoland, Czech Republic uye Slovakia, iyo zvakashandiswawo rokuti "kusvikira" maringe Ukraine.