Mi-2 (neherikoputa): nokurondedzerwa uye mapikicha

Pamasikiro Mi-2 ari kukura Ni-turbine 1, sezvamakaropafadzwa nokuzvisarudzira kuti fuselage pamusoro mbiri duku gasi turbine injini ine dziripo payload yose kabhini nharaunda. On nokuumba ndege itsva, yakasvika pakuzivikanwa mumatsutso 1961 uye vokutanga Mi-2 vakasvika makore maviri gare gare zviviri turbine "Izotov GTD-350" vachikwanisa 400 litres. a. mumwe vakatasva parutivi pamusoro mberi.

chikuru mabasa

The ndege akanga akagadzirirwa kuita zvakafanana mabasa pamusoro chokufambisa pamusoro lightweight zvinhu, zvisinei akadzidza Mi-1. Passenger shanduro anogona kutakura vanhu 7 uye mutyairi. In basa kununura ndege Mi-2 rinokwana stretchers mana uye mushandi zvokurapa. The mudziyo anokwanisa mitoro anosvika 700 makirogiramu. Sezvo zvinobhururuka Crane kana kuita kununura motokari inogona vakagadzirira ventral chiredzo kuturika mutoro uremu anosvika 800 makirogiramu kana kumusoro kabhini musuo winch inokwanisa kusimudzira kusvika makirogiramu 150. Wechina dzinonyanya kushanda izvo chinosiyanisa neherikoputa Mi-2 - kudzvinyirirwa mune zvokurima, nokuti iro rinogona vakapakata matangi kuti anoiswa kumativi maviri mberi, kukwanisa kubata makirogiramu 450 akaoma makemikari kana 500 litres. Kuita mabasa dzimwe nhumbi dzehondo inogona kutsiviwa mamwe mafuta.

History chokusika

Mi-2 (ona mufananidzo. Panguva kuongorora) kwakaitwa pamusoro WSK fekitari Mielec muPoland. Mushure Nhaurirano, akatanga muna January 1964, ari WSK akagashira oga kodzero kugadzira ndege yayo injini. Akanga vaifunga yokutsiva Mi-1 ndege zvechiuto uye achava anokosha kunyanya nokuti "Aeroflot" sezvo amburenzi uye mhepo nemuchovha. Vamwe Mi-2, ari vakatenda kuti zvakakumikidzwa United Arab Republic, kubva apo vanowanzova kuwira Israeri.

Nepakati mashanu Mile Bureau asarudza kumutsa Mi-1 kuita kuburikidza kukura kwayo shanduro turbine. Kuti izvi zvidaro, vaviri itsva gasi turbine injini ine vakasununguka turbine "Izotov GTD-350" yave yakasarudzwa. Kuyerwa, ndiyo hafu kurema aimbova pisitoni rekambani combustion michini, maviri GTD-350 vaiva 40% vakasimba. Vari hwavapo parutivi pamusoro fuselage, izvo yekudyidzana inowedzera iripo kabhini nzvimbo uye anovandudza mabasa ari Mi-2. powerplant kwakadaro akabvumira kuchinja rotational nokukurumidza pamusoro sikuruwa, vanochengeta injini nokukurumidza chenguva.

ndege kumumvuri chainzi B-2, uye gare gare zita Mi-2. The neherikoputa wokutanga nendege September 1961 Zvakanga zvakafanana rotor, hutachiwana uye muswe, kufanana Mi-1. Pashure pre-Muedzo zvakapfuudzwa esimbi muswe rotor (1-Y Ni akanga emapuranga) uye ipapo 1965, kwakaonekwa mutsva ruoko akatakura rotor, wakatorwa panguva Mi-6.

Sezvo mafekitari Soviet vakanga zvakazara mubasa kweShanduro Mi-8 uye dzimwe rinorema Mi series, zvino WSK-Swidnik chibvumirano chakaitwa kuti kudhinda uye pakuzadzisa ari Mi-2 muPoland, iyo yakatanga muna 1964. rokutanga Polish Mi-2 ichi It akaita ndege rwayo muna November 1963, uye pashure pokupedza hwakaedzwa muna 1965, akatanga yayo huru dzinotambudza kugadzirwa. Yokutanga Serial Mi-2 akanga vakapakata Motors 400 l. chik., asi muna 1974 parameter ichi yakawedzera kuti marita 450. a. Kushandiswa girazi mu huru rotor, muswe rotor uye stabilizer netwakawandawanda kugadzirwa uye kuvandudza yauinayo.

Nokuti kushandiswa siyana shanduro Mi-2 vehurumende uye vemauto dzakavakwa. Helicopter mubasa pamwe wePolish Air Force, akanga vakapakata chitundumuseremusere launchers uye mhepo-kuti-pasi zvombo, izvo raparurwa kubva njanji kumativi ose fuselage.

okunatsiridza

• Mi-2 neherikoputa rehurumende shanduro mureza, convertible mutakurwi kana nhumbi chokufambisa, mukume (ainzi Bazant), mumwe ndege kurovedza kuitisa zvemuchadenga mifananidzo uye photogrammetry kana keriya mitoro ane kuturika zvokunze uye yemagetsi winch.
• Mi-2b: chawo wokuenzanisira pamwe yoku- wekushandisa zvinoreva uye magetsi acho pasina protivoobledeniteley rotor mashizha. Weight mutakurwi shanduro yakanga 2300 makirogiramu, uye vezvokutengeserana - 2293 makirogiramu.
• E-2D Przetacznik: uto mhepo murayiro centre pamwe redhiyo kukurukura, encryption, uye midziyo runhare.
• Ni-2P: mureza masere-mutakurwi neherikoputa convertible kupinda vsegruzovoy pamwe zvokunze kuturika uye magetsi winch.
• Mi-2P: okurima shanduro nokuda kwakajairika kana Ultra-pasi kupararira uye spraying. On mativi ose fuselage Matangi risungirirwe inokwana 500 litres emura kana chakaoma makemikari 375 makirogiramu nomumwe, vakasungira rechi14 pfapfaidzo tiguu pamwe 128 mokugezera. Weight pasina mutoro - 2.372 makirogiramu.
• Mi-2 Platan: Mining neherikoputa.
• Mi-2RL: mhepo amburenzi uye kutsvaka uye kununura shanduro Mi-2, akashongedzerwa wemagetsi chikwidzo.
• Mi-2RM Anakonda: shanduro kutsvaka uye kununura neherikoputa Mi-2P kuti wengarava Kushandiswa yemagetsi winch musuo chengarava divi, rakagadzirirwa vanhu vaviri uye asunungurwa vane zvikepe mhepo. 9 inokwana zviyero avakira vokuPoland wengarava avhiyesheni.
• Mi-2po: uto njere nadzurudzo.
• Mi-2pc Padalec: neherikoputa zvemakemikari uye chaivo njere.
• E-2C: Medevac mhepo "amburenzi", akashongedzerwa kutakura stretchers mana, muperekedzi, uye varwere vaviri vakagara chinzvimbo.
• Mi-2SZ: kudzidzisa neherikoputa pamwe Dual chidhiraivho.
• Mi-2T: uto senga.
• E 2URN: 1973 musimboti wacho Mi-2US, asi ne launchers maviri "Mars 2" mumwe nomumwe rinogona kuchengeta 16 57-mm zvitundumuseremusere C-5 pedyo mhepo rutsigiro kana zvombo njere.
• Mi-2URP Salamandra: Anti-muenzaniso Mi-2 shanduro 1976 mana akatungamirira chombo AT-3 ( "Baby» 9M14M) pamusoro pylons uye mamwe mana nhumbi munhare; Papera mhando vakanga vakapakata zvombo ina "Strela 2".
• Mi-2URPG Gniewosz: akafanana Mi-2URP, asi mana zvombo Anti-ndege SA-7 (9M32 «Arrow»).
• E 2US: kurwisa neherikoputa, zviri akashongedzerwa aine pfuti-NA 23km caliber 23 mm kubva kurutivi fuselage rworuboshwe, pfuti maviri kurutivi rumwe norumwe uye pfuti maviri 7,62 mm shure mupanda.
• Mi-2 FM Kajman: shanduro nokuda Photogrammetry. Yakabudiswa 2 dzakabatana.
• Mi-2x Chekla: nemwaranzi ushori neherikoputa uye mutungamiriri smokescreens.
• Umi-2po: kudzidzisa ushori shanduro.

Mi-2MSB

On Ukrainian okunatsiridza Ni-2MSB akagadza AI-450M "Motor sich" michina 465 l. a. 27% zvishoma mafuta zvinodyiwa uye zvishoma uremu 25 makirogiramu. Helicopter Avionics yavewo yoku-. Musiyano pylons vakapakata sere 80-mm chitundumuseremusere launchers B8W8MSB uye zvaitika girinedhi launchers. Nokuti pylons Voda nepamahwindo veshure pasina kuchinja urongwa fuselage, anogona kuiswa kunze zvombo kuti kwepfuti kubva neherikoputa kabhini.

Zvimwe 7,62 mm zvigwagwagwa anogona yakarongwa mahwindo ose neherikoputa. Uyezve, pasi muswe tiguu, pamwe kwegadziriro anoiswa vaIri chipingaidzo mudziyo dzinongoda kanda hadzitani. zvinhu izvi zvinopa haasaruri kudzivirirwa zvombo Anti-ndege pamwe vaIri nhungamiro kuti zvinomiririra mukuru ngozi helicopters zvechiuto.

tsananguro Technical of Mi-2

Mutakuri Hurongwa iri-bladed matatu hwindimiri pamwe hydraulic vibration dampers. Profile mashizha - NACA 230-12M. The mashizha regai kuwedzera kukwira. Vakatasva akamedura rotor. Main rotor mugodhi nechido mumwe injini yokuderedza. Kupfuudzwa unotora matanho matatu huru gearbox, zvenguva uye muswe.

Rutapudzo reshiyo of turbine nokukurumidza nokuda huru rotor 1: 24.6 nokuti muswe rotor - 1: 4.16. Main gearbox iri dzakashandisa kutyaira enyika kuti ebetsero simba uye kusarudzwa nokuda akamedura rotor. The overrunning batira disconnects ari rotor kubva akatadza injini, vachibvumira ayo kuzvidzora kutenderera.

Pakutanga mumwe chipande aiva hwezuva magadzirirwe thousand helicopters, zvinosanganisira kunofambidzana zvikamu vasiyana chiwanikwa spar kuti achitevera kumucheto muchitokisi uye Coated aruminiyamu chiwanikwa papepa 20. Pava paya zvebhizimisi WSK-PZL-Swidnik yakatanga zvakawanda yepamusoro rotor chipande yakavakirwa dural extruded spar zvikamu uye epurasitiki unhani.

pfuma kuzvidzora mhikuriso kwava cyclic uye seboka nenamo hydraulics; shanduka angled, inotongwa seboka nenamo mhikuriso ane chinjikira stabilizer.

Fuselage jira duraluminium kwakabatana nokuda gwapa nomoto kana rivets. Inoitwa zvikuru zvitatu zvinoti - yepamhino chikamu nechepakati uye muswe tiguu; mutoro zvinobereka chaikosha, kusimba pamwe Stainless simbi.

chassis

Mi-2 - Chopper redunhu nevasiri retractable tricycle kumhara giya pamwe muswe vhiri. Dual vhiri riri mberi uye chimwe vhiri akatasva ari mukuru muviri. Oiri-pneumatic kuvhunduka absorbers yakaiswa pamusoro zvitsigiso zvose, kusanganisira muswe. Huru kuvhunduka absorbers kukwanisa kurarama aakapa kwomuzvarirwo workloads, uye ane zvichibvira pasi resonance. Main matai vane kukura 600h180 mm ari kumanikidzwa 4,41 nomuzariro. Nasal - kukura 400h125 neMM, kumanikidzwa 3,45 nomuzariro. Huru mavhiri takashongedzerwa pamwe pneumatic mabhureki. skis Metal ndege vari hako.

simba chirimwa

Injini Mi-2 - 313 KW turboshaft "Izotov GTD-350" Polish kuvakwa. Vaviri ava gasi turbines vari hwavapo pedyo kupfuura ndege kabhini. The chete mafuta tangi kuti 600 L vanokwanisa rabha riri pasi kabhini paburiro. On mativi ose neherikoputa zvinogoneka kugadzwa mamwe zvokunze tangi kuti 238 litres. The zvekupfakira chiteshi iri kurutivi rworudyi. Oil vhoriyamu - 25 l.

placement

Kazhinji, mumwe mutyairi wendege ari nzvimbo yemutekenyi kurutivi rworuboshwe. Mudenga-vakaumbwa kabhini kunopa nzvimbo kusvika 8 mubhazi - nezvatinovavarira shure kutsigira nemabhenji nokuda 3 vanhu, mumwe maviri mamwe divi chigaro kuti starboard shure, mumwe pashure pomumwe. mufambi zvigaro zvose zvinogona kubviswa kutakura kusvika 700 makirogiramu kuti zvinhu. Kuwana kabhini kuburikidza mikova pamusoro zvamagonhi kurutivi rumwe norumwe pamberi mberi uye rworuboshwe divi shure. Zvishoma nezvishoma mumatope hwindo mutyairi wacho zvashata ndokusvinira. The kununura nadzurudzo nzvimbo 4 stretchers uye 2 uye 2 vagere varwere zvakarongeka kana pakamubhedha. The yedzidzo Shanduro akagara pedyo uye ane Dual chidhiraivho. Mi-2 - neherikoputa pamwe kwakajairika kudziyisa mugadziriro, kufefetedza uye mhepo kutonhodza.

maitiro

Interior neshungu mhepo neshungu nokuda injini. Nokuti kufefetedza kuchitonhora, mumhepo mhepo tembiricha inokwira muna pakupisa exchangers.

The hydraulic Hurongwa ane kumanikidzwa 65 nomuzariro uye akagadzirirwa dzikurukure mhikuriso cyclic uye seboka nenamo. Kudyiwa hydraulic mvura iri 7.5 l / min. Tank pedzera. The pneumatic Hurongwa ane kumanikidzwa 49 nomuzariro uye akagadzirirwa kushandisa mabhureki.

Power zvitengeswa inopiwa Starter-jenareta zvakatanga kubudikidza Motors maviri STG-3 3kW, uye 3-danho AC jenareta inokwana 16 KW uye voltage 208 V. DC 24V Power wedzerai inopiwa maviri kutungamirira-asidhi mabhatiri pamwe vanokwanisa 28 Ah. Huru uye muswe rotors, windshield akashongedzerwa wemagetsi protivoobledineniya. Mhepo yaunodya iri neshungu mhepo akatorwa kubva muinjini.

Avionics

Typical zvinhu zvinosanganisira maviri transceiver MF / Zvakanaka hf, gyrocompass, redhiyo kambasi, altimeter, neintercom maitiro uye ndege nemizariro bofu. Vamwe okunatsiridza mauto akaisa mhino uye muswe okunyevera radars.

midziyo

Agricultural shanduro neherikoputa nedivi iri fuselage tangi nepokuongorora zvachose inokwana 1000 litres ose Urume kana 750 makirogiramu akaoma namakemikari, uye kamwene pakaunda panguva rwemberi mberi kumativi ose, kana mwaya yakaoma makemikari ari mumwe tangi. Upamhi pfapfaidzo swath ndiyo 40-45 m.

The kununura musimboti akatasva yemagetsi winch hoisting vanokwanisa kg 120. Cargo ventral haka anogona kuiswa itakurwe mitoro yakaturikwa kusvika 800 makirogiramu.

In mukuru smokescreens kuna mapaipi chiutsi vari kurerekera refu uyewo sepombi, izvo yaipiwa pamwe mafuta. Windscreen wiper yemagetsi mutyairi wendege akashongedzerwa. Mukuwedzera, muna injini mupanda uye kamuri huru gearbox akaisa freon moto anodzima gadziriro, iyo kusashanda kwaita kana manually.

Mi-2: Magadzirirwo

• Urefu - 3.3 m.
• Length - 11.4 m.
• Screw dhayamita - 14,5 m.
• Yasimuka uremu uremu - 3550 makirogiramu.
• Empty kurema neherikoputa - 2350-2372 makirogiramu.
• Mafuta Volume - marita 600, pamwe nemamwe tangi - 838 l.
• Lift havukavu - 4,5 m / s.
• Cruising nokukurumidza uye kukwira zvifambiso - 190-194 km / h pa wegungwa - 210 km / h.
• Ceiling - 1700 M (kunofambira mberi) 4,000 M (vakagwinya).
• Flight Range - 355 km kufadza - 620? Km.

Misa kweShanduro Mi-2 yakapedzwa muna 1993. Vakawanda vanopfuura 5450 helicopters yakabereka akanga aivigirwa kuna Soviet Union nedzimwe Warsaw chibvumirano nyika. Zvisinei, Mi-2, oparesheni richiri kuitika munyika dzinopfuura 20 pasi pose, ane mukana unoberekwazve mune Mi-2Vanhu muenzaniso dzakabudirira "Moscow Helicopter Plant" uye JSC "Rosvertol".