Chii chinotevera kupfuura mutakurwi ndege munyika?

Global avhiyesheni indasitiri kwave kuchiita munhau dzayo, akasiyana-siyana fashoni. The vagadziri ari maviri, thirties uye forties wekupedzisira remakore, vaikwikwidzana kukurumidza, sirin'i, chikuva uye, chokwadi, kukura zvisikwa zvavo.

Huge svosve-20 iyo vakagamuchira zita guru proletarian munyori Maksima Gorkogo, muna 1934 akava kupfuura ndege nguva yaro (pamwe zvatinosiita mavhiri chassis). Kukosha kwayo nokuda nendege yaiva shoma, nendege akaitawo zvimwe anoparadzirwa basa, ayo kumanikidzira chitarisiko kukonzera kunzwa kuzvikudza nokuda Soviet paitonga Stalin avhiyesheni.

Zvisinei, nokukurumidza izvozvo akapa nzira mibvunzo mukurumbira pakutanga pragmatic zvikonzero. Mukusarudza vendege makaona ndechokuti vanhu ichibhururuka motokari anobvumawo, kuti isingadhuri chokufambisa mumwe nomumwe mutakurwi.

Nzira akaenda pasi kutungamirirwa nenyanzvi KB A. N. Tupoleva mukutanga Kuma1960, ndinosika kupfuura mutakurwi ndege munyika pamwe turboprop simba chirimwa pamusoro Tu-114, aiita yeSoviet ndege Nokuraramisa chikoro. Hwaro wakabatwa inokosha bhomba Tu-95: yacho fuselage awanda uye vakagadzirira vatatu anonyaradza lounges. All vakanga yakafanira kugadzira hwakaipa kuti kutendeuka nezvechisarudzo, zvinodiwa kuti zvechiuto midziyo hakuiti kufungawo ruzha sandara uye zvivanakire nokusimudza manera.

Mukutanga manonwe US makasimba Boeing kufukidzwa chikuru mutakurwi ndege munyika, kaviri-decker "Dzhambo Dzhet 747". Zvakanga Nyanzvi chaiye, yasimuka kurema iri zvishoma asingasviki 400 matani, vamwe okunatsiridza kupa chigaro chinotakurwa vatakurwi vanopfuura mazana mashanu.

Zvisinei, kwete chete mufambi ndege kufarira vatengi. Sezvo muSoviet Union uye Department United States of Defense yakatanga dzidziso maererano izvo mukana nokukurumidza nekutumirwa kwemauto hombe nhamba kwenhumbi haisi wokupedzisira. "Ruslan" AN-124 chikuru ndege munyika yakanga yakagadzirwa rakatanga nokuda chokuendesa chombo enyika, asi rinoshandiswawo yezvokutengeserana uye unhu zvinangwa. miganhu yacho uye michina nokurondedzerwa, akadai mukanyiwa ari payload uye kuwanda kutiza, vanoramba risingaenzaniswi kusvikira nhasi.

Nokuti zvose dhigirii ayo, "Ruslan" ane chinhu - zviri zvachose kwete yakakodzera chokufambisa vanhu. Kuenderana kukura zviri kupfuura mutakurwi airliner Airbus A380 vakasikwa chete chinangwa ichi. Masere nemakumi mashanu vakatakurwa vari pakugadzirisa pasi kumboitika kusvikira tefe pamusoro shop maviri, mumwe asiri vanorega siyana anosvika 15 thous. Km uye kudyiwa matatu chete marita ose eparafini pa 100 makiromita por mutakurwi kusika titanium ichi hwokudenga ungaenzaniswa yemakwikwi zvakanakira pamberi vezera vake wehurumende avhiyesheni furrowing zvokuita mugwagwa.

Chii chichava kupfuura mutakurwi ndege munyika mumakumi emakore anotevera? Sei kuti seungano? Zvichienderana mukuru dzinoitwa munyika avhiyesheni indasitiri kunoratidza kuti tinofanira kutarisira mberi kuwedzera inogona saloons kusvikira vanhu zviuru kana kupfuura, asi yaibvira chaiwo Layouts hazvisi risingaperi, saka hazvingaiti kusapfuudza mufananidzo 1500. Kugadzirwa, pachena, zvose zvinoumba zvinhu richashandiswa yainyanya uye epurasitiki. Inogona akapedzisa kubva mashoko ari kukurumidza kukura polymer michina inopa zvizhinji yakakwirira simba rechirume pamwe hwakaderera uremu.

Asi mubvunzo uyo achasika inotevera kupfuura mutakurwi ndege munyika, chinoramba yakazaruka. Europe yakanga zvavanoda, unomira ikozvino? Zvichida vokuAmerica kana vokuRussia? Uye zvinoita kuti rinotevera achava Chinese hofori? China avhiyesheni indasitiri mumakore achangodarika huri kuwedzera ...