Mhashu dzemaruva: kukura uye kubereka

Izvo zvakaoma kufungidzira chikamu chemaruva yemindu isina michero yakaisvonaka semaruva. Asi pane pakati pavo uye zviduku zviduku-zvinozivikanwa semarara yemhashu. Maruva emhashu (Lílium mártagon) - chimiro chisina kunyanyisa uye chakanaka, chiri chemhuri Liliaceae. Kana zvisina kudaro, maruva anozivikanwa anonzi Marchon, maruva ane makumbo kana madzimambo. Iyi simiti haigoneki, inowanikwa zvikuru muchechi yeEurope yeRussia, muEastern neWestern Siberia, muUrials uye yakanyorwa muRubhuku. Maruva emhashu anowedzera mumasango akavhengana, pamakona ane shady uye glades. Ichi chidimbu, chisingararadzi maruva ane mishonga yemishonga uye musvi wouchi.

Izvi zvinoshamisa lilac maruva

Ichi ndicho chimiro chakanyatsonaka chinonzi herbaceous, iyo yakareba 70-140 cm.Stalk yakasimba yakasvibirira yakashongedzwa negima rakaoma, yakareba, yakasvibira mashizha uye zvishoma pasi zvakasvibira mashizha. Uku kukudzwa kwakakonzerwa korona yakabatanidzwa mumabhururu asingasviki kana maruva akanaka maruva, zvakangofanana nehombodo. Makomba avo akareruka akave akaputika kune zvakasiyana. Kuchengetedza kunogona kuva yakasiyana kwazvo, ine mavara machena. Maruva emhashu (mifananidzo inowanikwa munyaya) ine 6 stamens uye 1 stalk. Kupisa kwemvura kunowanikwa nehotera. Inflorescence inosanganisira maruva 2-5, uye mune dzimwe nguva zvinopfuura makumi maviri.

Saranki (maruva): kukura

Zvirimwa zvinosarudza penumbra nemvura yakasvibira ivhu, saka saka inowanikwa mumasango, miti ine shaki mashizha, masango akavhenganiswa, masango emupruce, nezvimwe zvakadaro, mumasango, maruva emhashu anokura zvishoma. Nokudaro, kuBelorussia, Poland, Ukraine uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzeRussia iyi mhando yakanyorwa muRubhuku. Mumasango, zvinorambidzwa zvachose kugadzira michero.

Kuti udzose maruva ako bindu nebindu remhashu iwe unogona kutenga dutch madzinza nemaruva anoyevedza uye makuru.
Ita iri ruvara runyoro mumunda haruri rakaoma.

Locust-flower: reproduction

Lilia yakakomba hove inobereka nenzira nhatu: nekuparadzanisa mabhuru, mbeu uye rooting zviyero.

• Mazana makuru makuru mazamu anowanda nokufission, kubva kune iyo mwanasikana anobva atova. Mabhuru akadaro ane maviri maruva anobuda. Iko kugoverwa kunoitwa muna August. Mabhuru makuru (kusvika kusvika masendimita 7 paupamhi) anoumbwa nemakero machizha. Maruva emhashu anogadzikana mumumvuri, sezvo nzvimbo yehupenyu hwavo hwepanyika inobatanidzwa nesango. Izvi zvinomera mumumvuri zvinokura zvishoma kwenguva refu, asi kwete zvakanyanya sechikamu chakajeka. Saka, zvinokurudzirwa kuti vasarudze nzvimbo iyo chikamu chezuva chichajekeswa nezuva. Miti yemiti yacho yakakodzera zvikuru. Saranka haifaniri kutengesa kuipa kwemaruva, nokuti muvhu rakaorera gwenzi richava rakasimba, uye ruvara rune ruzhinji. Mvura iyi yakakomberedzwa uye yakasviba kusvikira mazadza. Kuparadzaniswa kwebhubhu kunoitika zvishoma nezvishoma - kamwe mu 3 kana kunyange makore mana.
• Kuberekwa nehuroti yezvikero kunoitwa nenzira inotevera. Pangosvika simiti inopera, bhubhu inobviswa pakarepo uye zviyero zvekunze zvakaparadzana. Bhuru rinoramba rakasimwa zvakare mumubhedha wemaruva. Zviyero pa 2/3 zvehupamhi hwazvo zvakavigwa mubhokisi rine ivhu. Inosanganisira musanganiswa wezvikamu zviviri zvevhu, 1 chikamu chejecha uye 1 chikamu che humus. Fukidza peat kumusoro uye uvhare nepepi. Bhokisi rakasvibiswa munzvimbo ine shaded. Muchikwata, pasi pezviyero, 1-2 mabhuru-vana vane midzi uye mapepa anofanira kuumba. Vanoparadzaniswa uye vanoiswa mucheche yemaruva. Kwechando, zvinomera zvinopisa nemafuta.
• Mbeu inopararira inoreva nzira yakanakisisa uye inobudirira yekuwana muti unorarama hunoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu epanzvimbo. Mbeu yeRupen kutanga kweAugust. Izvo zvakadzika, zviduku zvitatu, zvitsvuku zvakachena muvara. Vanozvidyara mangwanani-ngwanani echando kana chando panguva yakadzika 2 cm Pashure pokudyara, vasati vasati vamboonekwa pamusoro, bhuru rine midzi inoumbwa muvhu, uye panguva iyo (pakati pezhizha) rimwe jira rine bundu rakasimera rinokura. Gore rakatevera, yekutanga yemashizha inoumbwa, uye gore gare gare (kana kunyange maviri), maruva anotanga. Nokudaro, kuti uone kunaka kwakadaro, iwe unofanirwa kuva nemoyo murefu.

Shandisa

Maruva emhashu (mifananidzo kumusoro) inowanzoshandiswa mumishonga yevanhu. Kuvhiringidzwa kwebhubhu kunokurudzirwa kushandiswa kubva padzino rezino, uye pamwe nokuora mwoyo uye kushungurudzika kwekutya. Jisi nemashizha hazvisi zvakaipa kurapa maronda, decoction yemaruva inotorwa ne gallbladder chirwere. Mhashu inogona kudyiwa.