MG-34 German. The pfuti Hondo Yenyika II

Pashure peHondo Yenyika I (1914-1918) Chibvumirano Versailles akarambidza vokuGermany kutanga kana kubereka chero zvombo, kusanganisira dzehondo, Ngarava dzepasi pemvura uye otomatiki zvombo. Asi pamwe kuuya nesimba vaNazi munyika 1930s uye kutangazve hondo German vakawanda zvairambidzwa pasi Agreement zviremera vakarega, nokuti kuzodzosera kutanga hondo yenyika itsva. Panguva ino Nyanzvi dzezvehondo German muchiuto akakurukura pfungwa lightweight inotakurika multi-chinangwa pfuti.

Air pane mvura

Vamwe nguva kusarudza uyu aiva MG-13. Akatanga muna 1930, akava rethinking pfuti kubva muHondo Yenyika I ane mvura-dzaserera Dreyse Model 1918 dzakachinjwa nendege. Akararama uri magazini 25-kunhivi kana 75-kumativi dhiramu, uye rakagamuchirwa muuto reGermany sechiero pfuti. Pakupedzisira, pfuti akanga akatasva matangi ndege yacho Luftwaffe, asi kazhinji, rakaratidza kuva dzinodhura kugadzira uye anogona moto kumhanya vaitenderera 600 paminiti. Saka, muenzaniso uyu rave decommissioned sezvo mangwanani sezvo 1934 uye kutengeswa kana akaisa okuchengetera.

The Swiss Version

Hama kukundikana rakawira pasi MG-13, zvinoda okuwedzera yokuedzwa. The kambani Rheinmetall-Borsig, mubasa Kugadzirwa kwezvombo kubvira 1889 kusvika circumvent zviri pezvaunorambidzwa kuita Versailles Treaty, yakarongwa kugadzwa zviri pedyo Switzerland mumvuri "Solothurn" uye akaramba kushanda itsva mhepo-haachandidi. Panguva World Vokutanga pfuti kazhinji dzaserera nemvura, izvo zvinoomesa avanotarisira neyokufambisa. Miedzo vakatora nzvimbo kubva pakutanga 1930 uye nokukurumidza akapedza kusikwa nani muenzaniso.

Zvakava "Solothurn MG-30", akasikwa 1930. The pfuti raishandiswa pedyo Austria uye Hungary uyewo muGermany, asi zviremera German vaida kuwana vasununguka uye inotakurika zvombo, achikurudzira pakuzadzisa mumutsetse. Nokukurumidza, yakanga neve MG-15, izvo zvakava chaizvo somunhu kuzvidzivirira zvombo ndege uye akagamuchira zvirevo guru pashure pamutemo kugamuchirwa of Luftwaffe.

Maschinengewehr 34

Humwe Kushanduka mutsetse uyu nokuda kwounyanzvi ari kunozivikanwa MG-34 - pfuti, aizivikanwawo Maschinengewehr 34, rinounza pamwechete akanakisisa unhu yapfuura yokutevedzera, kusanganisira MG-30 uye MG-15. Zvakaguma zvokuti echimurenga kuti wokutanga wechokwadi mukuru-chinangwa pfuti - multipurpose dzepabonde zvombo, vanokwanisa kuita zvakawanda mashandiro pasina kuchinja zvinhu maumbirwo kwayo. musiki Its ainzi injiniya armorer Vollmer.

Mauto eGermany akakurumidza kushandisa idzva pfuti, uye iye rakagamuchirwa panguva 1936. Pakutanga, boka rake kugadzirwa aidaro Mauserwerke AG, asi munguva pfupi akabatanidzwa Steyr-Daimler-Puch AG uye Waffenwerke Brunn. In zvachose, 577.120 inokwana zviyero zvakabudiswa kubva 1935 kusvika 1945.

Key Features

Pangoro kukura MG-34 pfuti zvinoorora zvikuru: kureba - 1219 mm ane mwero hunde 627 mm uye kurema ndiyo 12.1 makirogiramu. Inoshandisa rakasiyana pfupi sitiroko pamwe kutenderera gedhi yemasiraidhi kupomba hazviiti tomu rollback gudzazwi. MG-34 - pfuti, iro caliber iyo akasarudzwa zvakananga nokuda vanopupurirwa 7,92x57 Mauser kwepfuti katuriji. Ona izvi mangwanani mienzaniso akanga 600-1000 vaitenderera paminiti, aine kusarudza kuroora kana zvaitika vachiridzira muoti. The kwokutanga nokukurumidza yakanga 762 m / s, zvichiita kuti varove nangananga pa madaro kusvika 1200 m. Kure Izvi zvinogona nokushandisa mumwe yakarongerwa muchini kushandiswa kwezvombo sechidhakwa pfuti. Pamberi riri mureza, ane nenamo kuti mamita 100 kusvika mamita 2000.

ergonomic patani

MG-pfuti 34 ane Linear nemagadzirirwo iyo rutsigiro ruoko uye hunde dziri chete zvekufungidzira mutsetse. Izvi zvinoitwa kuti kupa yakatsiga zvikuru vachiridzira, asi kwete chete. The garo chinhu ergonomic kuwedzera kune veshure bhokisi Panel apo bhokisi pachayo zvishoma "ano musana wakakombama", ane tetepa profile. Supply uye ejection mawindo zviri nyore distinguishable mberi nematehwe akasiya kwakajairika nenzira. Pamberi mutsinga dzinofamba nemukaka iri Perforated casing rinofukidza hunde mukati maro. Zvayaiva pamusoro Upfu conical murazvo arrester. Parinoshandiswa sezvo vaifamba anotsigira zvombo pasi kavha wanamatira Kumbofungatira bipod, Kuparadzira panguva Junction. Machine pfuti urefu kwakadaro kunoda kutsigirwa pamberi, kunyanya kana museve iri supine chinzvimbo.

mhepo kutonhora

Zvombo izvi mhando ine chimwe drawback - the kuvimba dzinongoitika kutonhora mhepo achiparadzira kumativi Upfu panguva vachiridzira. Naizvozvo, Upfu anoiswa mukati Perforated casing kuti kutonhora kwakadaro chaitika, asi ichi mhinduro haabvumiri kuti kuitisa refu-moto, izvo zvinokosha kuti chombo rutsigiro kana kudzvinyirira. Short raitungamirirwa pamwe nekurutsa vaiva mutemo pfuti dzakadaro. Ose 250 kwepfuti Upfu kuchinjwa, uye zvinonyatsorehwa upenyu basa 6,000 kwepfuti. Kuti zvive nyore kuchinja mainjiniya German maiita zvibvire dzokuzarura mugamuchiri "eversion" kubva casing. Shooter kuwana hunde mukati dzimba kuburikidza rakazaruka rwemberi chikwata uye anogona kubvisa kuti kutsiva. Zvadaro pinza mutsva mudende kuchitonhora, uye moto ndokutangazve sezvo chakajairika.

kupfura modes

Fire anovhura kana unopfuurira chikungiso, chine zvikamu zviviri. Yokumusoro Chikamu segwapa pamwe netsamba E (Einzelfeuer) uye ndiye chete kurira kwepfuti, uye nechepasi segwapa pamwe netsamba D (Dauerfeuer) uye rakagadzirirwa otomatiki moto. Saka, mumwe murwi anogona kudzora nerubatsiro zvombo uye kudziyisa dhiramu.

The zvombo zvitengeswa

MG-34 simba nerubatsiro akapiwawo vainyatsotarisirwa. Mugore mira hurumende chombo kazhinji dzinofambiswa yesirivha 50 vakapoteredza dhiramu 75 kana dhiramu kuchaja hunyambiri poppet vharafu (MG-15 kugadzirwa nhaka). Kuti zviite vachizvitakudza paaishandisa 50-katuriji tepi waishandiswa sezvo inotakurika anotsigira zvombo. Kana zvakakodzera, zvaigona chokuita nedzimwe RIBBONS kusvikira zvizere mutariri cartridges 250. Zvisinei, kushandisa tepi mutoro mashandiro uye anoderedza mwero moto.

muchina-pfuti rakarira

Pashure MG-34 akaedzwa muzvinhu tsika, ivo vakabata siyana dzenyika muuto reGermany - kubva anokosha mukupikisa inifanduri. Mumwe pfuti vakashanda kukarukureta, iine vanhu dzinenge mbiri. Mumwe akaramba kupfura uye akatakura chombo muhondo, uye rimwe rakanga anokonzera zvombo, vakabatsira RIBBONS uye mubasa zvibviswe sokunonoka. Kana zvakakodzera, vaigona kubatsira zvakawanda nhengo chikwata - kutakura zvimwe pfuti, muchina maturusi kana imwe ammo.

Randisingagoni

Zvayakaita, kuti MG-34 - pfuti sezvo tactically kuchinja, akakurumidza akanonga zvose zvinogoneka yetsiva mabasa. Asi chinangwa chacho chikuru chaiva inifanduri rutsigiro. Nokuti pfuti iyi nepokuongorora bipod, uye varwi vaishandisa 50-ndiro tepi. Mwero moto kwagara zvakasimba pfungwa chombo, asi museve vaifarira kwepfuti kuroora kana pfupi chaizvo watsemuka, nokuti zviri nani kururama.

Yakakwirira zvazvingava paidiwa, apo MG-34 pfuti (mufananidzo wake ari kudzokorora) vanoita mashandiro Anti-ndege kuparadza yakaderera-kubhururuka muvengi ndege. Kuti izvi magumo akanga dzakabatanidzwa Anti-ndege muchina pani, kumberi uye neshure Anti-ndege kuona viewfinders.

Heavy pfuti MG-34 (ona mufananidzo. Munyaya) kuitisa moto rukuru akanga dzakabatanidzwa muchina Lafette 34. gungano iri kunosanganisira munhu pakuvara buffer mashandiro kudzikamisa nayo panguva kupfura. Mukuwedzera, mugamuchiri anosiya Manyiminya kuona kuti Tracking nani uye anorova nemharu nechokure.

MG-34 - pfuti, zano iro anobvumira ayo nokukurumidza disassembly mumunda, iyo inoita kuti kuchenesa, lubricated uye akagadzira munguva pfupi. Zvakarurama Vanamakanika mano aigona kukuvadza chero marara muhondo, saka zvaikosha kuomerera zvakasimba kuti yokuzvigadzirisa muoti kubvisa zvombo pazvose Tingangonyanya kutungamirira vanorega panguva isina kutombokodzera nguva.

kanyanyisa kururama

Chimwe zvakaipira ari MG-34 aiva dambudziko chinowanzoitwa ose pre-hondo nepfuti: kugadzirwa yepamusoro mitemo, izvo zvinoda nguva yakawanda, kushanda nesimba uye mutengo. Izvi zvakaita kuti chokwadi kuti kurwa pfuti MG-34 aiva nguva dzose havatorina muhondo, sezvo zvakanga zvakakodzera ose mabasa German pamusoro fronts zvose. Pakupedzisira, gadzira kwavo vakamanikidzwa kubata miti mashanu, uye mamwe zviwanikwa, nguva uye simba iri kupedzerwa pamusoro pakasikwa Wedzerai-Ons kuita ayo akasiyana-siyana. chombo Good yakanga yakanyanya munyoro kune mamiriro utsinye muchiuto kuti zvakazoita kuti pave itsanangudzo shanduro - zvakafanana kunozivikanwa MG-42 nyaya muna 1942.

okunatsiridza

MG-34 - pfuti, iro basa rakanga raitwa uye kuvandudzika muhondo. MG-34m zvakasiyana rinorema bhachi, nekuti yakanga yakaoneka kushandiswa kwayo somunhu Anti-vashandi zvombo, akatasva seti motokari German warrior. Kumumvuri MG-34s uye chokupedzisira shanduro MH-34/41 kugamuchira kupfupiswa dhiramu (560 mm) kuti mwero kuwedzera basa Anti-ndege zvigwagwagwa uye vakanga chete moto zvokuzvisarudzira. MG-34/41 Yaifanira kutsiva MG-34, asi izvi hazvina kuitika nokuda chidzoke kubudirire munhevedzano MG-42. MG-34/41 haana pamutemo vakagamuchirwa nokuda, kunyange anogadzirwa mune dzimwe uwandu.

MG-34 Panzerlauf achishanda ari tangi pfuti. In mhando izvi aishandisa kwakanyanya pokugara yakabvooka kure zvishoma. The garo chabviswa nokuti zvakawanda tsindirana Profile iri shoma nzvimbo mukati motokari German warrior. Kunyange zvakadaro, mungarava zvifambiswe kutendeuka Kit unokubvumira nokukurumidza kutsauka Panzerlauf muvhu chiedza pfuti kuna, kana ndaifanira kusiya motokari. Yakatarwa zvinosanganisira bipod, garo uye kuona.

Mumwe matsva okunatsiridza of MG-34 - MG-81 pfuti, Anti-ndege kuzvidzivirira chombo kutsiva zvisingachashandi MG-15. MG-81Z (Zwilling) rava bazi mutsetse substantially unobva maviri MG-34s zvakafanana rukungiso. Magadzirirwo chakachinja nenzira yakadai kubvumira simba zvigwagwagwa kumativi ose. zvazvingava waro uchibata anoyevedza 2800-3200 vaitenderera paminiti. Kugadzirwa akatevedzana yave shoma, sezvo MG-34s akanga zvakawanda zvinodiwa mune dzimwe nzvimbo.

Pasinei chokwadi kuti muna 1942 pakanga pfuti MG-34/42, kugadzirwa MG-34 haina kuvhiringidzwa kusvikira pakuguma hondo muEurope muna May 1945. Kunyange zvazvo MG-42 akanga akagadzirirwa yokutsiva MG-34 ave chombo Frontline iye uye handina kukwanisa kusvika nayo zvakarurama dzakakwirira yomuropa uye, pakupedzisira, airidza basa rimwe chinamatidzwa kuna dzekare pamasikiro kuma1930.

pose pamutemo

MG-34 German pfuti yakashandiswa chete Germany uye kwete panguva Second World War chete. analogs ayo vari kukurumidza kupararira pasi pose. Munyika idzodzo, hondo akarikunda mungarava, - Algeria, Angola, Bulgaria, China, Croatia, Finland, Guinea-Bissau, Hungary, Israel, Korea, North Vietnam, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan uye Turkey. The pfuti aishandiswa panguva hondo yevagari China (1946-1950), muArabhia-Israeli kupesana (1948), Hondo yokuKorea (1950-1953), Vietnam (1955-1975). Kusvikira zvino, unogona kuwanikwa mumaruwa umo chiri chombo kunozivikanwa achiri akarara muhondo.