Masayendisiti akakwanisa kugadzira chirwere chinopesana nekenza

Mune zvidzidzo zviviri zviduku, masayendisiti akaratidza kubudirira kwepurojekiti inopesana nekenza iyo inobatsira varwere kurwisana nechirwere ichi vachishandisa masimba avo evanhu vanotanga kurwisa kenza yemasero.

Chirwere chekuongorora

Mune zvidzidzo zviviri, masayendisiti akashandisa chirwere chekenza chekuedza kurapa varwere vakagadzira chimiro chinoparadza chekenza (kenza yemaperembudzi). Zvidzidzo zvose izvi zvakaratidza kupera kwakakwana kwechirwere mune varwere vakawanda mushure mekunge vapiwa chirwere chekare. Kune varwere vari muchikwata chechipiri, imwe mhando yekurapa yakashandiswa, iyo inopa kuvandudza mukukwanisa kwemuviri wezvirwere kurwisa kenza. Mune vamwe varwere veboka iri, maronda acho akanyangarika zvachose.

Iye zvino vatsvakurudzi vari kushanda pakuchengetedzwa kwezvirwere zvakadai kune marudzi akadaro emukenza seglioblastoma (rimwe rudzi rwekenza yeuropi), kenza yenguruve, masero eropa uye mavari. Izvi zvinoudzwa naChristine Catherine Wu, uyo ari musayendisiti kuDana-Farber Cancer Institute muBoston. Akatungamirira chimwe chezvidzidzo. "Varwere vazhinji vanotambura nemamwe makondombera vanogona kubatsirwa nekupora," akadaro Wu.

Kuita kwekudzivirira masero

Cheropi mushonga wekenza unofanirwa kuve nechinangwa chekenza masero uye kusava nehutano hwakanaka. Mune nzira iyi, masayendisiti anoda kuwana zvirwere zvinogona kutakura mamolekoro anogadzirisa chete kenza dzemasero. Mishonga yakadaro inogona kubatsira maitiro ezvirwere zvemuviri "kuona" mukenza masisera, achiita kuti ikokwe masero ekuchengetedza (kusanganisira T-lymphocytes) kubvisa kenza.

Kushandisa mapuroteni asina kukodzera

Nokuda kwekutonga kwemalaoma, mapoka evanhu vakaongororwa vakashanda nemhando mbiri dzezvirwere. Migumisiro yezviedzo zvavakabudisa musi waJuly 5 mumagazini Journal.

Chironda chinowanzotarisana nekushanduka-shanduka kunokonzerwa nekusvibiswa paganda remirairo ye ultraviolet. Izvi zvinowanzokonzera kuonekwa kweprotini isina kukodzera - neoantigens, iyo isisipo mumuviri womunhu. Vanachiremba vanotenda kuti vanogona kuva nheyo dzinobatsira zvechirwere. Izvi zvakataurwa naDkt. Cornelius Melif weLeiden University muNetherlands, uyo asina kubatanidzwa mukutsvakurudza.

Zvikamu zvekutanga kudzidza

Muchidzidzo chekutanga, Wu nevamwe vaaishanda navo vachirwere varwere vatanhatu vakanga vambotanga kuvhiyiwa kuti vabvise tumarara. Mushonga unoshandiswa wakashandurwa nemasayendisiti kune umwe neumwe murwere: ivo vakaita DNA kuongororwa kwekenza uye yehutano masero emasero kuti awane kuchinja kwemuviri uye kusangana neoantigens.

Zvadaro masayendisiti akashandisa mhando dzemakombiyuta kuti afanotaura kuti zvipi zvemaoantigens zvinodzivirira zvirwere zvinogona kusiyanisa zvakanakisisa. Zvadaro vakayira chirwere kune varwere. Chirwere chimwe nechimwe chinosvika kusvika makumi maviri nemakumi mapfumbamwe neonantigens.

Mushure mokufamba, masayendisiti akakwanisa kugonesa kuchengetedza kwechirwere, uyewo kukwanisa kwayo kurwisa maitiro ezvirwere muvarwere. Mwedzi makumi maviri nemashanu mushure mekudzivirira chirwere, hapana zviratidzo zvekenza zvakawanikwa mune varwere vana. Vamwe vaviri vatachiona vane chirwere chinoramba chichirwisa melanoma gare gare vakave nedzidziso inonzi inodhaka yekurapa, iyo inovhara nzira iyo kenza inogona kudzivisa maitiro ezvirwere zvemuviri. Mushure mokurapa mimwezve, varwere vose vakaratidza kuderedzwa kwakakwana kwechirwere.

"Takafara kuona mhinduro yakasimba uye yakasimba mumarwere matanhatu," akadaro Wu. "Izvi zvinoratidza kuti zvirwere zvinokwanisa kukonzera hondo inogara iine T-masero emuviri."

Kudzidza kwechipiri kwakaitwa sei

Mune imwe dzidzo yakaitwa naDr. Ugur Sahin weYunivhesiti yaJohannes Gutenberg muGermany, kuGermany, masayendisiti akaongorora zvirwere zvekenza muvarwere 13 uye akasarudzwa kusvika kune 10 mutations mumunhu mumwe nomumwe kuti awane zvirwere zvakagadzirwa kubva kuRNA molecules. Izvi ndizvo zvinoumbwa zvinokonzerwa nekunyoresa mirayiridzo inoshandiswa kuita mapuroteni akaita seooantigens.

Mukati yekushanda nevarwere, masayendisiti akawana kuti zvirwere zvinogona kuwedzera maitiro avo ezvirwere zvemuviri. 8 kubva pa13 inogona kubvisa zvachose zvirwere pashure pemakore maviri ekurapwa. Vakasara vashanu vakadzoka zvakare. Zvisinei, mumwe murwere kubva kune vashanu aiva nerugwaro mushure mekutora kurapa kurapa.

Migumisiro Yechiri

Pakati pekudzidza kwekutanga, masayendisiti akataura nezvemigumisiro inokonzerwa nekurapa. Kazhinji, vakazviratidzira nenzira yezvirwere zvechirwere, kuneta uye kuputika panzvimbo yejojo. Panguva yechidzidzo chechipiri, kwakanga kusina matambudziko akakomba.

Chikamu chekutanga chekuedzwa

Zvidzidzo zvose zviri chikamu chokutanga chemakiriniki ekuedzwa umo nhamba shomanana yevarwere inobatanidzwa. Zvakakosha kutarisa kuchengetedzwa kwekurapa. Uyewo, chinangwa chemasayendisiti munguva yekutanga chikwata ndechokuwana mukana wepamusoro wemishonga mitsva ine zvisingabatsiri. Migumisiro yezvidzidzo zviduku zvakadai inofanira kusimbiswa kune nhamba yakawanda yevarwere.

Kunyangwe ichi chichiri kutangisa kusvika kupemberera kukunda kwakakwana kwekenza, zvisinei, zvinoita sekuti masayendisiti ari panotangira nzira iyi.