M-24, chiGermany hand grenade: tsanangudzo

Munguva yeHondo Yenyika yekutanga uye yeChipiri, mauto eGermany akashandiswa zvikuru grenades. Vazhinji vavo vakange vakagadzirirwa hondo yeGermany. Kutakura hondo, mauto we Wehrmacht akakuvadza pfuti dzavo shure kwavo. Maoko avo, saka, nguva dzose vakaramba vasina rusununguko kushandiswa kunobudirira kwe Stielhandgranate. Izvi ndizvo zvakaitwa nemazita eGerman grenade M-24. Ichi chombo chakashandira hondo yeGermany kwemakumi emakore.

Nhasi, mufananidzo wechiuto weGermany zvakaoma kufungidzira pasina M-24. Grenade yakaratidza kuti yakabudirira zvikuru mumakore ehondo mbiri dzepasi. Munenge kusvika 1990, yakanga iri chikamu chemidziyo muSwitzerland.

Ndeipi M-24 yakasikwa?

Grenade yakatanga kuumbwa nevanjiniya vezvombo zveGermany munguva yeHondo Yenyika Yekutanga. Munguva iyi, vose belligerents vakaedza kugadzira zvombo zvinogumbura zvinoshanda zvakasimba muhondo yakapoteredza, funnels nematokisi. Hondo yeRussia yakashandisa grenade RG-14, yakasikwa naViI. Rudlinsky. VaBrithani vakashandisa grenade ye anti-grenade system ye1915, iyo yakazozivikanwa se "limonka", kana F-1.

Asati agadzira M-24 grenade, chiGermany zvombo zvakagadzirisa zvakanyatsodzidza mutauro weRussia uye weGermany. Zvakasarudzwa kuti zvigadzirire vashandi veGermany vane zvombo zvakashata zvakafanana. Kuparadzana kwevattalions veReichswehr vakagamuchira Stielhandgranate kutanga muna 1916.

Basa reGrenade idzva raive kukunda simba remuvengi nerubatsiro rwezvitsvuku uye kutyisidzira kwakaitwa panguva yekuputika. Uyewo, chinangwa chacho chingave chidziviriro chevengi chehondo, nhare uye mapfuti ekupinza. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, masoja eGermany akashandisa chikwata chemamiriyoni akawanda. Nokudaro, Stielhandgranate yakarongedzerwa chete nebasa rinokuvadza. Muna 1917, grenade yakagamuchira midziyo yakamanikidzwa uye maGermany anomhanya.

1923-1924

Panguva ino, vashanduri veGermany mukuvaka grenade iyi vakaita shanduko, izvo zvakaita kuti zvikwanise kuishandisa zvakare sechidziviriri chinodzivirira. Nokuti iyi Stielhandgranate yakanga yakagadzirwa nesimbi kana yesimbi-ceramic jacket. Mushure mokunge kupera kwechigadzirwa mumabhuku ehondo zvakanyorwa sa Stielhandgranate-24.

Ndezvipi zvimwe zvemaGrenades zvakadanwa?

M-24 - ichi chinyorwa chinogona kuwanika mune zvinyorwa zvakawanda zveChirungu neRussia zvinotaura uye zvinyorwa. Muhupenyu hwemauto eRussia, grenade yeGermany yemuenzaniso we1924, nekuda kwomufananidzo wayo chaiwo, wainzi kazhinji "maruva", uye varwi veChirungu - "tolkushka" (nharaunda).

The Great Patriotic War

Munyika Yokutanga Stielhandgranate-24, kana kuti grenade M-24, inonzi ndiyo imwe yezvino. Asi nekutangira kweGreat Patriotic War yakarongeka inoda nguva yezvino. Pasinei nekuedza kwose kwakagadzirwa nevashandi veGermany kuti vashandise M-24, grenade yakaramba iri mudanho ra1924. Asi zvisinei, nekuda kwekushaiwa kwekunakisisa nzira dzekutema ye Wehrmacht, kushandiswa kwemashure kwe Stielhandgranate-24 kwakanga kusina kumiswa. Munguva yeHondo Yenyika Yechipiri, zvinopfuura mamiriyoni makumi manomwe nemamiriyoni makumi maviri nemaviri eM-24 dzakabudiswa. Grenade iri kushanda neGermany hondo kusvikira pakuguma kwehondo.

Chii Stielhandgranate-24?

Grenade M-24 (mifananidzo yayo inowanikwa munyaya yacho) ibhuku rinoparadzanisa nzira yekuzvidzivirira. Chimiro chayo chinosanganisira zvinhu zvinotevera:

• Hora iri ine kuputika.
• Chipando chemapango.
• Kutya mafungiro.
• The detonator.

Mutumbi kuvaka

Mukugadzirwa kwematambudziko e M-24, shandi yepande yakashandiswa. Kubwinya kwepepa rimwe nerimwe hakuna kudarika 0.1 cm Pakati pebasa, vakaiswa pasi pekugadziriswa. Nyaya yacho yakanga ine chimiro chegirazi, pakati peiyo masters vakamanikidzira central tube, zvakakodzera kubatanidza sleeve kumubati.

Zviri mukati momuviri zvaive nemutengo unoputika uye chikwata che detonator. Basa rekuputika muna M-24 rakaitwa nechepasi peammonium nitrate - dynamo uye ammonal. Mune grenade yemuenzaniso we1924, imwe shongwe yehuni yakagadzirwa ine zvigadziriswa zvekugadzirwa kwesimbi yakawanda kana cermet yakashandiswa. Mune vanhu iyi shell inonziwo "shati".

Iyo grenade, ine shati yesimbi, yakashandiswa senzvimbo yekudzivirira. Akanga ane ruzivo rwakanyanya rwekukundwa. Kusiyana neStielhandgranate muna 1916, iyo kupararira kwezvimedu zvemamita kusvika mamita gumi nemashanu zvakaonekwa semuganhu, mhirizhonga yeM-24 yakashandurwa yakawedzera kusvika 30. Panguva imwe chete, zvikamu zvega zvingagona kubhururuka anenge mamita zana.

Nokupfekedza M-24 muviri, gorosi kana rima ruvara ruvara rwemavara rwakashandiswa. Usati washandisa chipfeko chekupedzisira kumusoro kwemuviri wakanyatsogadziriswa nepepuru tsvuku.

Pamuviri muchepamusoro waro nepepende chena yakashandiswa sampamp (gondo rekumambo). Nekushandiswa kwenhamba uye gore rekugadzira, kushambadzira kwakashandiswa.

Pfungwa yekushanda

Nokuti M-24 vakagadzira veGermany vakagadzirwa nehuwandu hwemoto. Yakanga yakaitwa nemutambo we thermo uye lanyard, iyo kuguma kwayo yakanga yakagadzirwa necheperi yakagadzirwa nemuchena kana kuti rinotakura ring. Mucheto wokumusoro wemarara wakanga wakabatanidzwa kudivi rekutengesa. Yaiva nechimiro chebhuku, mukati mazvo pakange pane iyo yakarongeka, kuburikidza nayo vakagadzikana vaisisina firiro (grater). Nzvimbo yechirangaridzo yepfuva yakanga iri pakati pegwenzi rejasi, iro rakanga rakagadzirirwa ne-screw-in tube.

Pasina detonator capsule, M-24 yakanzi yakachengeteka. Kuti uite grenade, bushing yayo inofanira kunge ichiita izvi. Chimwe chezvinhu zveM-24 chinogona kufungidzirwa kuvapo kweguru-jena tsvuku-screen, iyo inogona kupedza kusvika pamaminitsi matatu, nokudaro ichivhara vana vemaziso kubva muvengi.

Handle device

Kuti kubudise chibatiso chemuti waM-24 chaishandiswa. Mhedziso miviri yegadziriro iyi yakanga yakagadzirwa nematombo akaiswa. Nekubatsirwa kwavo, chikwata chekutengesa chakanga chakabatanidzwa kumucheto wokumusoro. Pakarepo yakagadziriswa pamubati wehuni uye muviri wekuparadzana M-24. Mucheto wepasi wemubati wakanga wakagadzirirwa nekodzero yakachengeteka. Chibato chinobva mukati chakanga chakavhara: mukati maro kuburikidza nemugwagwa chakanga chakatorwa lanyard kusvika kumagadziro emagetsi. Pamusoro pebasa racho rakaiswa zvakananga zvakafanana nechechiitiko. Zvakanga zvakasiyana mune kuti tsananguro yakasimbiswa kunze kwehuni.

Kupfeka maitiro

Mumamiriro ekurwisana, varwi vaipfeka M-24 nenzira dzinotevera:

• Kuisa grenade pachikwata chechiuno. Iyi nzira yaive yakajairika.
• Pamberi pebhanhire romunondo bhandi.
• Muzvikwama zvakakosha zvakakandwa pamusoro pefudzi rako. Nenzira iyi zvaive zvichikwanisa kutakura grenades matanhatu mune rimwe bhegi.
• Pamutsipa. Nokuda kweizvi, zvinyorwa zvema grenadhi maviri zvakanga zvakabatana.
• Muchikwata chepamusoro.

Tactical uye unyanzvi hunhu

• Stielhandgranate akanga ari mubasa kubva muna 1916 kusvika muna 1945.
• M-24 inoreva rudzi rwevanorwisa vanhu grenades maoko.
• Nyika yakabva kuGermany.
• Kuyera kwegrenade M-24: 356 mm (kureba) x 75 mm (mutumbi) x 6 cm (mamita).
• Kurema grenade: 500 gm.
• Kuwanda kwezvipembenene zvaiva magiramu 160.
• Nhamba yakakura yeG-gade yaM-24 is 285 mm.
• M-24 yakashandiswa muhondo mbiri dzepasi uye munguva yeHondo yeVietnam.
• Chigadzirwa chacho chakanga chiri chekukanda kure nemamita 30 kusvika ku40.
• Muteereri M-24 yakagadzirirwa kwemaminitsi mashanu.

Kubatsira kwechigadzirwa

Izvo simba reM-24 ndizvo zvinotevera:

• Iyo ikomegranate yakanga yakanaka. Pamusana peizvi, murwi wechipfuva akakwanisa kuikandira ari kure nemamita makumi mana.
• Manufacturing teknolojia yakange isiri nguva. Izvo zvigadzirwa hazvidi kuti zvikwereti zvikuru zvemari.
• Izvo zvinoputika zvakabvumidza kushandisa M-24 nekubudirira kukuru.

Utera

Pasinei nezvakawanda zvezvakanaka, kuparadzanisa grenade Stielhandgranate kwakanga kusina zvimwe zvipingamupinyi:

• Izvo zvinoshandiswa kushandiswa kuisa hupfumburu zvakanga zvisinganyatsogadzikane kuti zvinyorove. Izvi zvinotsanangurwa nechokwadi chokuti munguva dzehondo mauto anowanzoshandiswa sehundi, chikonzero chaiva ammonium nitrate. Panyaya iyi, kuchengetedzwa kweM-24 kunonyanya kuoma: ma grenades anofanira kunge akaparadzana (pamwe nemaonononi akadzimwa uye akavharwa). Panguva imwecheteyo, mabhizimisi aifanira kunyatsocherechedza kuti unyoro hahupi hunoita kuti Stielhandgranate ihwohwo. Kuipa kwekunyorova kwemvura kwakanzwikawo mumoto wekutsva. Kazhinji kacho yakava isina maturo. Pakukwevera tambo, kupisa kwakanga kusina kuitwa, uye grenade haina kushanda.
• Bhuku rekuparadzanisa M-24 rinogona kuzadza zvakakwana uye sechikonzero chekugara kwenguva refu. Izvi zvakakonzerwa nenzvimbo yezvimbuputi kusvika kukereke.
• Muchengeti wakagadzirwa kwemaminitsi mashanu. Nokudaro, musoja weGermany, achidhonza tambo yokudzivirira, aifanira kuchengeta mukati mekanguva ino ndokukanda M-24. Anokanganisa anogonawo kushanda sehafu yechipiri mberi, uye mashure mana gare gare.

Mhedziso

Pane imwe nhanho yezvakaitika kare, kusikwa kweM-24 kwakabatsira pakuvandudzika kwekushanda kwekushanda kwehondo dzehondo dzeGermany remauto. Mushure mekupera kweGreat Patriotic War, grenade yeGermany Stielhandgranate-24 yakarega kushandiswa muuto reGermany. Kunyange zvakadaro, M-24 haina kumbobviswa kubva kumusika misika yemabhiza. Kwenguva yakareba, yakapedzwa nemauto euto reSwitzerland, uye muChina, kushandiswa kwayo kwakasimbiswa.