Kuvshinov Makedonsky: Biography chikonzero Philip II Macedon vemauto vabudirira

Mambo Macedonia, Philip II pakuzivikanwa munhau sezvo mukundi pedyo Greece. Akakwanisa kusika uto idzva, kusimbisa zviri kuitwa yayo vanhu uye kuwedzera masimba kumuganhu. Kubudirira waFiripi hapana zviripo pamberi kukunda mwanakomana wake, Aleksandra Velikogo, asi ndiye akasika zvose prerequisites kuti kubudirira zvikuru mutsivi wake.

makore okutanga

Antique King Kuvshinov Makedonsky akaberekwa muna 382 BC. e. Taundi rokumusha kwake raiva guta guru kuPera. Baba Filippa Aminta III muri mutongi muenzaniso wakanaka. Akakwanisa mukubatanidza nyika yake, pamberi aparadzane kupinda akawanda zvemisoro. Zvisinei, pamwe nerufu Amyntas nguva kubudirira yapera. Macedonia yakadhirika kamwe zvakare. Panguva iyoyo nyika yakakanganiswa uye zvokunze vavengi, kusanganisira Illyrians uye Thracians. madzinza aya kuchamhembe neapo akavhiringidza pamusoro vavakidzani vavo.

Neutera kushandiswa Macedonian uye navaGiriki. Muna 368 BC. e. vakaita rwendo kuchamhembe. Somugumisiro, Kuvshinov Makedonsky yakatorwa uye akatumirwa Thebes. Hazvina chibhende, asi kugara ikoko akaenda chete vanobatsirwa wechiduku. The IV c. BC. e. Thebes aiva mumwe pakukura guta Greek. In guta rino akasangana Macedonian mubatwa magariro erudzi vaGiriki uye kukura kwavo tsika. Iye kunyange nyanzvi zvinokosha zvombo vaGiriki. ruzivo zvose izvi pashure kukanganiswa mutemo, rwakazokura kutungamirira Mambo Philip II Macedon.

Simuka nesimba

Muna 365 BC. e. jaya kumusha kwake. Panguva ino, choushe vaiva mukoma wake Perdiccas III. The upenyu hwakadzikama pana kuPera yakanga yatyorwa apo vokuMakedhoniya vakanga zvakare pasi kurwiswa Illyrians. vavakidzani izvi vanotyisa muhondo mutsindo, akakunda hondo Perdika, saka akauraya iye uye mumwe 4000 Firipi vomunyika.

Nesimba nhaka akapfuura mwanakomana wake akafa - muduku Amyntas. Philip akagadzwa regent. Pasinei hwake, akaratidza ake kunoshamisa zveutungamiri uye nechokwadi enyika vepamusoro munyika kuti wakaoma kamwe, kana muvengi ari pamukova, anofanira kuva pachigaro choumambo, uye kudzivirira zvavo kubva vavengi. Aminta Akabviswa. Saka mumakore 23, Philip 2 Great akava mambo nyika. Somugumisiro, haana kusiya chigaro kusvikira parufu rwake.

Nezvibvumirano uye Strategy

Kubva pakutanga chaipo ushe Kuvshinov Makedonsky akaratidza wayo nedzenyu unyanzvi zvinoshamisa. Akanga asiri kunyara pamberi Thracian dzokutyisidzira akasarudza kurwisa, kwete nezvombo, uye mari. Bribing dzakavakidzana Prince Philip akaita manyongori ikoko pane kuwana nyika yavo. Key zvakare akakunda guta inokosha Amfiporisi, apo migodhi yendarama yave kugadziridzwa. With kuenda anokudzwa simbi, homwe akatanga chemindi yepamusoro mari. The State akaita mhanza.

Pashure paizvozvo, Philip II Macedon akatanga kusika uto idzva. Akaripirawo vatorwa Artists wakavaka zvikuru ano panguva zvombo kukombwa (kukanda pfuti, catapults, uye zvichingodaro. D.). Kushandisa pfumbamuromo anokunyengedzera vavengi, namambo ari kutanga anosikwa rakabatana Macedonia, uye akatanga kuwedzera kwokunze. Akanga rombo mupfungwa panguva iyoyo Greece kutanga kuona kuramba tichishanda enyika dambudziko, pamwe hondo yevagari vemo kuvengana mitemo. Northern vaGiriki sezvo nyore bribed nendarama.

Kuchinjwa muuto

Achiziva kuti ukuru ezvinhu kwakavakirwa simba weuto rake, mambo kurongwazve zvachose muuto rayo. Chii uto Filippa Makedonskogo? Mhinduro iri Chiitiko pamusoro Macedonian phalanx. Raiva idzva vakagadzirira kurwa kuti vaifamba, yaiva hondo unonyatsoratidza 1,500. Nepaitengwa phalanges rakanga tisingatauri miganhu, zvichibvumira kuti nani kusakarongeka pakati pemauto pachavo.

Mumwe inotungamirwa kwakadaro raiva siyana Lochos - mitsara 16 vaifamba namakumbo. mutsetse mumwe aiva yayo basa muhondo. Sangano idzva kwakavandudza kurwisa unhu mauto. Zvino mauto Macedonian akatamira integrally uye monolithically, uye kana zvakanga zvakakodzera kutsausa phalanx, iyo redeployment vakatanga basa Lochos iyi zvichikurukura vavakidzani. akakwevera zororo naye. Last Lochos akatarisa zvinoenderana regiments uye zvakarurama kuvakwa, kugadzirisa mamwe masoja zvikanganiso.

Saka hondo Filippa Makedonskogo? Mhinduro tinoiwana pachisarudzo ramambo chokubatanidza zvakaitika dzimwe mauto. In hwake, Philip aigara Thebes ari musungwa rukudzo. Ikoko vakasangana raibhurari womunharaunda mabasa echiGiriki Nyanzvi dzezvehondo dzakasiyana. Nezvavanofunga vazhinji vavo inoshanda uye vaigona mudzidzi akauya kuupenyu pachavo mauto avo.

rearmament wamapoka

Ndibate pamusoro muchiuto kuchinja, Kuvshinov Makedonsky akateerera kwete chete sangano asiwo zvombo. Kana akaonekwa sarissa muchiuto. Naizvozvo vokuMakedhoniya vainzi refu pfumo. Masoja Foot sarissofory vakagamuchira nezvimwe zvombo. Munguva dutu dzakavakirirwa muvengi nzvimbo vaimbotaura kukanda miseve, izvo rakaisvonaka nokuita nechokure, kwaiitwa maronda zvinouraya.

Mambo Macedonian Philip akaita mauto ake zvikuru kurangwa. Masoja vakadzidza kubata zvombo ose zuva. Zvakatora nguva yakareba pfumo nemaoko maviri, saka varwi waFiripi vaishandisa nhovo duku dzendarira, izvo risungirirwe rumwe kugokora.

Chombo phalanx akasimbisa yayo huru basa - kuchengeta matambudziko mudzivisi. 2 Firipi Macedon, uye pave paya mwanakomana wake, Alexander, waishandiswa sezvo huru kurwisa vamabhiza simba. Iye vakarova hondo muvengi panguva apo iye akaedza remuSamoa kutyora kupinda phalanx.

The pokurwa

Pashure mambo Macedonian Firipi akaona kuti mauto kushandurwa akabereka zvibereko, akatanga achipindira munyaya vavakidzani Greek. Muna 353 BC. e. iye vakatsigira Delphic mubatanidzwa kamwe yehondo vaGiriki. Pashure pokukunda rweMakedhoniya yakundwa Thessaly, uye akanga vazhinji Greek guta-inoti vakaziva muyananisi uye muyananisi.

Kubudirira uku kwaiva harbinger ramangwana kukunda Greece. Zvisinei, Macedonia zvaanoda haagarimo Greece. Muna 352 BC. e. hondo pamwe muThrace. Rakanga anosarudza Kuvshinov Makedonsky. The Biography munhu uyu inonyatsoratidza mukuru, uyo aiedza kuchengetedza zvido vanhu zvavo. The kunetsana yakatanga muThrace nokuti chokwadi toiletries muganhu kumatunhu nyika mbiri. Pashure pemakore yehondo, vaGiriki conceded nharo nyika. Saka Thracians aiziva kuti paiva nehondo Filippa Makedonskogo.

Olinfskaya hondo

Nokukurumidza mutongi Macedonian akatangazve kupindira kwaro Greece. Kutevera nzira yake akaonekwa Chalcis Union, iyo yave mutemo mukuru Olynthos. Muna 348 BC. e. Uto Filippa Makedonskogo kwakaita akakomberedza guta. Chalkidian League akagamuchira rutsigiro Athens, asi kubatsira ichiripo.

Olynthus akabatwa, akapisa uye kuparadzwa. Sezvo Macedonia ave mberi kuwedzerwa nemiganhu yayo kusvikira kumaodzanyemba. Pazviri pakazowedzerwa, uye mamwe maguta Chalcis Union. Independent kwaingova kumaodzanyemba Greece. Zvinokonzera Filippa Makedonskogo kubudirira uto iri paruoko rumwe, ari nepavanogona zviito uto raro, uye kuno rumwe - mune zvematongerwo enyika kusabatana echiGiriki polis, vakanga vasingadi kusonganira mumwe mu ngozi wokunze. A Wenyika unyanzvi, nounyanzvi akashandisa yakawiriranwa ruvengo kwavavengi vake.

muSitiya danidziro

Nepo vakararama kunetseka mubvunzo, chii vaiva zvikonzero vemauto kubudirira Filippa Makedonskogo, mambo wekare akaramba kukunda kwake. Muna 340 BC. e. Akaenda kundorwa Perinthus uye Byzantium - Greek Colony, uyo vaidzora panjodzi kuti wakapatsanura Europe uye Asia. Nhasi inozivikanwa se Dardanelles, uye ipapo akadana Hellespont.

Under Perinthus uye Byzantine vaGiriki akapa chakakomba kurambwa kuti vanopinda nechisimba, uye Firipi aifanira shure. Akaenda kundorwa vaSitiya. Kungofanana vokuMakedhoniya ukama nevanhu ava yekudyidzana kunetse. Mutungamiri vaSitiya Athey nguva pfupi asati akumbira kubatsirwa neuto Firipi kuti vadzivise kurwisa yakavakidzana muArabhu. mambo Macedonian akamutumira guru simba.

Apo Firipi pasi masvingo Byzantium, remuSamoa kuedza guta, aizviwana ari quandary. Ipapo mambo akabvunza Ateius ngavamubatsirc mari yakati kufukidza mari chokuita munhu kwenguva refu rakakombwa. Mutungamiri vaSitiya paakapindura achinyomba akaramba muvakidzani. Philip haana kushivirira nokutuka kwakadaro. Muna 339 BC. e. akaenda kuchamhembe, kune bakatwa kuti arange vanoita nokunyengedzera vaSitiya. muArabhu izvi kweGungwa Dema zvechokwadi akavhuniwa. Pashure mushandirapamwe uyu, Macedonia pakupedzisira kumba, kunyange zvazvo refu.

Hondo Chaeronea

Zvichakadai, rechiGiriki guta-inoti vakaumba sungano kunangana rokuwedzera Macedonian. Philip, chokwadi ichi haana kuvhiringidzwa. Ichiri kuenda mberi kufora zvavo kumaodzanyemba. Muna 338 BC. e. Yakanga hondo Chaeronea inokosha. Hwaro wehondo muhondo muchiGiriki chaiva vagari Atene uye Thebes. policies vaviri ava vaiva vatungamiriri vezvematongerwo enyika kuti Greece.

Kurwa mbiri nokuda chokwadi kuti wakapindwa-makore 18 mugari wenhaka kuna chamber Alexander. Aifanira kudzidza pane ndiro hondo Filippa Makedonskogo. The mambo akarayira phalanx, apo mwanakomana wake akanga ari dzinoshandiswa emauto iri parutivi kuruboshwe. Trust akaruramiswa. VokuMakedhoniya akarwisa vavengi. VeAtene yake nesimba enyika uye mumiririri Demosthenes vakatiza hondo.

League Corinth

Pashure pokukundwa Chaeronea Greek guta-inoti vakarasikirwa mauto avo okupedzisira nokuda rakarongeka hondo naFiripi. Kwakadzama nezveramangwana Greece. Dzavo Zvakaguma kusikwa League yeKorinde. Zvino vaGiriki vaiva mumamiriro nedoro mambo Macedonian, kunyange pamutemo mitemo yekare vakachengetedzwa mavari. Philip vakatorawo maguta.

The Union akasikwa pasi chokumupomera okutambura ramangwana Persia. Macedonian hondo Filippa Makedonskogo kugona kukurira okumabvazuva despotism. Greek guta-inoti vakabvuma kupa pachake mauto amambo. Philip akabvuma mudziviriri yose ndero tsika. Iye pachake akatambura zvakawanda kubva muchiGiriki chokwadi muupenyu nyika yavo.

The kunetsana mumhuri

Mushure anobudirira kwemapazi Greece yaanotonga Philip aienda kuzivisa hondo Persia. Zvisinei, ake vakaronga kudziviswa hadzimbotauri mhuri. Muna 337 BC. e. Akaroora musikana Cleopatra, izvo zvakazoita kuti mukakavadzane nomukadzi wake wokutanga, mitambo yeOlympic. Zvakanga yake Firipi aiva mwanakomana, Alexander, uyo aizova mukuru uto mutungamiriri kare kwaiitirwa mune ramangwana kubva. The scion haana kutora matanho yababa vake uye pashure akatuka mai vake akasiya dare rake.

Kuvshinov Makedonsky, ane Biography yakanga izere vakabudirira rutsigiro rwemauto, asingagoni kubvumira mamiriro ake kuwira kunze mukati nokuda zvikapesana mugari wenhaka. Shure refu Nhaurirano akapedzisira kuyananiswa mwanakomana. Zvino Firipi wakange achauya Persia, asi kunyanya muguta guru aifanira kupedza pamichato.

wokuurayira

Pane imwe pamitambo yemitambo mambo pakarepo vakaurayiwa wavarindi vake ainzi Pausanias. Vamwe vevarindi pakarepo vaibata nayo. Naizvozvo, zvichiri haizivikanwi chii chakaita mhondi. No chakavimbika uchapupu parinoti munhu rangano, vanyori venhau havana.

Zvinogoneka kuti shure Pausanias aiva mudzimai waFiripi yeOlympic yokutanga. Uyewo haana warambidzwa shanduro kuti kupondwa Alexander akaronga. Chero raiva, dambudziko, iyo yakatanga muna 336 BC. e., akauya kuna Simba mwanakomana Philip. Akaramba basa yababa vake. Nokukurumidza uto Macedonian akakunda yose Middle East uye kusvika papi India. Chikonzero Kubudirira uku riri kwete chete munzvimbo inokosha netarenda Alexander, asi kwenguva kuchinja Philip. Zvaakasika nemauto akasimba uye hwega upfumi, nokuda iyo mwanakomana wake akava yakawanda munyika.