Kutuzov and Napoleon: comparative characteristics (based on Leo Tolstoy's novel "War and Peace")

Nhoroondo "Hondo uye Rugare" ndeimwe yemabasa anozivikanwa zvikuru uye anozivikanwa ezana remakore rechi19 kwete muRussia chete, asi pasi rose. Akanga achizivikanwa nevatsoropodzi vemhuri uye veEurope mushure mekudhinda. Izvo zvose izvi zvinobva kune tarenda inoshamisa yaLev Nikolaevich Tolstov, uyo akasika basa rakasiyana-siyana risina mifananidzo mumabhuku.

Ichi chinyorwa chinopiwa kune vanhu vaviri vebasa iri rinoshamisa. Pakati pekucherechedza kwedu kuchava Kutuzov naNapoleon, iyo inofananidzwa nemafungiro ayo ane maonero makuru. Iyo inoverengeka haigoni kunzwisiswa zvakananga kunze kwekunzwisisa basa revanhu ava.

Kunaka L.N. Tolstoy

Basa rokutanga rakaunza Tolstoy mukurumbira - mutsara we "Sevastopol nhau." Chikonzero chemazana emunyori webasa rechiuto munguva yeCrimean War.

Zvisinei, kubudirira hakuna kuita kuti Tolstoy atange kunyora basa, zvakasiyana, mushure mechinguva, akasarudza kutanga murima ndokuenda ku Yasnaya Polyana. Uye ikozvino iko, mushure mekuroora, mabasa makuru uye anozivikanwa zvikuru anozvarwa: "Anna Karenina", "Hondo uye Rugare", "Kreutzer Sonata", "Svondo". Panguva imwecheteyo Tolstoy inotanga chikoro chevana vemapoka ose, kusanganisira serfs, inoita shanduro yakakosha.

Rwendo rwomunyori rwomunyori runopera muna 1910 pachiteshi chezvitima. Upenyu hwake hwose, Lev Nikolaevich akaedza kunzwisisa nyika uye kunzwisisa basa revanhu mairi. Pfungwa yake yehupenyu munhau yakaratidzwa mune vanyori venyaya ino "War and Peace" (Kutuzov naNapoleon). Kuenzanisa maitiro evanhu ava vanonyatsoratidza mafungiro evanyori kwete kungokonzera zviitiko zvezviitiko zvikuru, asiwo kuhondo pachayo, uye kune avo vanoitanga.

Iyo inoverengeka "Hondo uye Rugare"

"Hondo neRunyararo" inyaya isina kumboitika. Iri basa rakasiyana-siyana rakawana kubudirira kwaro kwete kwete muhuwandu hwezvakatsanangurwa zviitiko zvezvakaitika, asiwo munzira Tolstoy akakwanisa kuzvipa. Nzvimbo dzekunamata dzinotsiviwa nemifananidzo yehondo, mifananidzo yemadzimambo nevamiriri inoshandiswa nemifananidzo yevarwi. Munyori anoratidza zvose zvese zvehupenyu muRussia, kubva kune tsika kusvika kune zvehondo.

Kunyanya neunyanzvi Tolstoy akaswedera pamufananidzo wevanhu, sezvavakaraira kuti vawane tsanangudzo yekupedzisira uye chiduku chiduku chemiitiro. Hero imwe neimwe munhu wepakutanga ane zvakakosha uye zvakashata. Kusanganisira, Kutuzov naNapoleon, avo vanofananidza maitiro ane hanya kwatiri pakutanga, kuonekwa pamapeji eruwa rwehupenyu hwakasiyana zvakasiyana. Zvose zvavanoita zvakasikwa uye zvakabatana nemafungiro avo uye pfungwa yenyika.

Kutuzov and Napoleon: comparative characteristics

Chokutanga pane zvose, zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti kuna Tolstoy Kutuzov naNapoleon vane tsananguro yehutsika uye yehutsika, iyo yakatsanangura kukunda kweimwe uye kukunda kweimwe. Kutaura zvazviri, mugumisiro wehondo ndeyekukunda kwepamutemo kwekutonga pamusoro pehupombwe.

Nokudaro, aya masimba anopesana, sezvo zvakanaka zvinogona kupikisa chete kune zvakaipa. Kuonekwa kwavo, kutaura, unhu, tsika, zvido, zviitiko zvakasiyana zvachose. Izvo hazvina kufanana pakati pa Kutuzov naNapoleon, iyo kuenzanisa maitiro (iyo zvinyorwa zvinowanikwa pasi apa) ingosimbisa izvi.

Basa munhau: Kutuzov naNapoleon

Tolstoy aiva neanzwisisiro yake yezvakaitika kare. Munyori mukuru aidavira kuti basa rinokosha rakapiwa vanhu, asi unhu, zvisinei, hunobudirira, haugoni kuchinja chero chinhu.

Iko mune pfungwa iyi iyo inopesana zvikuru pakati pe Kutuzov naNapoleon inopedzerwa. Mutungamiri weRussia haaedzi kuedza, anonzwisisa kuti zvinhu zvose zvinoenderana nesimba revanhu, uye basa rake rinongorongedza nekukurudzira masoja. Kusiyana neizvi, Bonaparte anozviona semudzidzisi wemamiriro acho ezvinhu. Anozvifungidzira pachake anenge mwari uye anoita zvose kuti azadzise chido chake chokuva mutongi wenyika. Haana hanya nemafungiro evanhu vake, Napoleon haateereri mauto ake, haana hanya nemunhu asi iye pachake.

"Kutuzov naNapoleon: a comparative characteristic" - mutsara wehurukuro yakafanana inogona kutanga nekuenzanisa mafungiro evatungamiriri kumasoja avo, sezvo izvi zvinoratidza maitiro avo kuvanhu vavo. Affectionate, paternally kutarisira Kutuzov uye narcissistic, vasina hanya Napoleon ndiyo inonyanya kukosha yezvi hero.

Kuonekwa kwekutuzov naNapoleon

Externally, Kutuzov naNapoleon zvakasiyana sezvavari mukati. Kutuzov, akatungamirirwa muzviito zvake kuburikidza nenjere dzevanhu, nguva dzose inogara yakadzikama, isinganzwisisiki, iri nyore muzviratidzo uye chiso. Anowanzoseka, "yekare-kare" kugunun'una, kusununguka uye kusina chero rudzi rwekunyengera. Kuderera kwake kunobatana nekunzwisisa kwezviri kuitika, Kutuzov nguva dzose anoziva kuti hondo ichaguma sei uye izvo zvinopikisa zvichaita sei.

Napoleon yakasiyana zvachose, chimiro chake chakazadzwa nenhema, kunyengedza uye kugadzirisa. Ari muduku, mafuta, fussy. Kushevedzera kwake hakufadzi, uye kutaura kunofungidzirwa.

Kuti denga nenyika zvakasiyana sei kune umwe neumwe Kutuzov naNapoleon, kuenzanisa kunhu (iyo tafura ine zvinyorwa zvinowanikwa pasi apa) inongoratidza izvi.

Unhu hweNapoleon na Kutuzov

Kutuzov Tolstoy anopa vanhu, zvirokwazvo Russian wisdom. Kuda nyika, upfumi hwemweya, hupiro hwenyika uye kutarisira-ndicho chinhu chikuru mumunhu uyu. Anoziva kuti hondo nerufu hazvigoni kururamiswa. Nokudaro, zvisikwa pachazvo, zvakagadzirwa nesimba revanhu, inoedza kudzivirira kutanga kunouraya. Kutuzov anonzwa kubatana kwake nevanhu, anozviziva pachake sechikamu chezvose zvakakwana uye anozviisa pasi pezvakaitika kare.

Napoleon, pane kudaro, achizvifunga seunhu hunoshamisa, anoda chaizvo kuti arayire zviri kuitika. Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvakasiyana mukati mavo zvakagadzirwa Kutuzov naNapoleon, iyo inofanidza hutano (iyo tafura inoratidzwa pasi) inotsigira izvi. Bonaparte anoraramira oga, haana hanya nehuwandu hwevarwere nevamwe kurasikirwa kwevanhu, chinhu chikuru ndechokuti awane nzira yake. Sezvo akazvifungidzira ari tenzi wezvinangwa, mambo weFrance anoenderera mberi kutarisira kuti anotarisa sei. Tolstoy anozvidza nemaune, achiita kuti muverengi anzwisise kusuruvara uye kusakosha kweNapoleon.

Kutuzov and Napoleon: a comparative characteristic. Tafura ine zvinyorwa

Mhedziso

Tolstoi zvakajeka uye zvisingaenzaniswi zvakaratidzwa Kutuzov naNapoleon. Kufananidza maitiro kunogona kujekeshwa muchidimbu nemutsara umwe: kushorwa kwezvakanaka nezvakaipa. Uye uyo uyo akatanga nzira yekuparadzwa haafaniri kukodzera tsitsi kana kunzwisisa. Icho chinobva kune izvi nzvimbo iyo inoratidzira hondo yevanhu ava vaviri vakakura, nechinangwa chake, Lev Nikolaevich.