Jesu Ha-. Jesu Ha-: noruzhinji. Bulgakov, "Tenzi uye Margarita"

Vanhu Vazhinji kuverenga incredible Roman Bulgakova "Tenzi uye Margarita". Vatsoropodzi vakaumba pamaonero avanoita chigadzirwa. Zvino vanhu vanoriverenga, kudavira ambiguously kuti bhuku panguva munhu wose ruchiramba zvachose dzinopikisana manzwiro uye manzwiro.

Kusiyana Romana Bulgakova

Nhasi, vaverengi vane mukana kuona firimu, iro-siyana kwaibva yokufungidzira "Tenzi Margarita", uye kuona kuita munzvimbo yemitambo. Zvikuru nguva vatsoropodzi vakatsoropodza akaedza kuona mhando basa, kunzwisisa chii mashoko zvinofanira kuratidza kuti muverengi, asi kwavari hazvina kuitika. Nokuti bhuku rakanyorwa Bulgakov, tichibatanidza Genres dzakawanda uye dzakasiyana zvinhu. Hazvishamisi kuti yokufungidzira-ngano haina kubudiswa panguva emunyori upenyu, nokuti vaiona kuti vaisanyatsokwanisa basa ravo uye tariro. Asi zvakanga chaizvoizvo nemakore makumi maviri nezvitanhatu kubva pakufa musiki bhuku, sezvo vazhinji vari kurifarira, uye yakabudiswa muna 1966. Nakisisa ndechokuti zvose izvi kwenguva refu nguva mudzimai Bulgakov yakaramba zvinyorwa uye vakatenda kuti rimwe zuva ichava Bestseller.

kufarira mutambi

Vanhu vazhinji kuverenga yokufungidzira "Tenzi Margarita", avo kufarira vatambi. Kunyanya dzinonakidza anonzi Jesu Ha-. munyori wake rinozivisa Jesu Kristu, uye rinopa chimiro kunyanya dzvene. Kunyange zvakadaro, rangano dzinokanganisa saka kuti Yeshua yakasiyana zvachose kubva Gospel mufananidzo musande.

Jesu Ha-akashandurwa kubva muchiHebheru, Jesu zvinoreva. Zvinorehwa kujairika remadunhu- kunyange isinganzwisisiki. A zita rakasiyana haina yakaitwa Bulgakov, iye chete akakweretwa kubva mumwe vevatambi ari kutamba chevkinite. The munyori aida zvaionekwa kuti vakarurama uye aiva protagonist ari yokufungidzira. Munguva yedu, vanhu vakawanda vanofunga kuti huru chikamu chebhuku vanobata zvakananga Tenzi uye Margarita, uyewo rima mauto.

Kuva gamba Joshua

Mikhail Bulgakov vakapedza nguva refu deliberating pamusoro mufananidzo gamba, zvaakanga aida kutsanangura. Sezvikonzero, akatora vamwe zvitsauko Vhangeri, vakapfuura bvunzo yake uye kwazvo kurapwa vakaisa pasi pavo. Saka, munyori aida nechokwadi akarurama. Heunoi sei akasvika Yeshua Ha-vane mufananidzo zhinji, uye iye amene Bulgakov, tichienzanisa munhu Jesu.

Kuwedzera ruzivo kubva Gospel, munyori akavhomora dzimwe nhoroondo uye mashoko mabasa ounyanzvi. Zvichida ichi ndicho chikonzero nei "Tenzi Margarita" chinoreva zvakawanda Genre, sezvo nheyo vakaisa ingano, satire, chakavanzika, mufananidzo, dzorudo uye zvakawanda.

Mikhail Bulgakov, ndinosika mufananidzo Jesu, kutanga kuvimba kwavo pezvatinoda, pfungwa pamusoro zvizere, munhu pfungwa utano. Aiziva kuti vanhu izere kusvikira pamuromo chete madhaka, negodo uye nemamwe manzwiro asina kunaka. Naizvozvo, Jesu - zvikabva munhu mutsva, chiri chokwadi nezvaaitenda, nokururamisira uye kutendeseka pachisikigo. Nenzira iyi, Bulgakov akasarudza kuchinja magariro uye pamusoro mumwe munhu yoga.

Feature mutambi

Bulgakov anopa kutarisirwa Yeshua Ha-guru uye zvakananga kunosimbisa mutsauko chinokosha pakati kufarira gamba uye Jesu Kristu. Kufanana kuripo vacho kunoratidzwa pokumbozvidya. Somuenzaniso, Jesu akanga naJudhasi uye pamuchinjikwa, asi zvimwewo chinhu chakasiyana zvachose munhu. Iye sokunge zvake gwatya anoda kuti philosophize, uye vanogona kuva nekusangana kwomuzvarirwo kutya kurwadziwa. Jesu wakafukidza mystique uye vanoratidzwa mwari, chinhu chitsvene uye dzisingambosvikiki chaiko rufu.

Mikhail Bulgakov akaedza kuumba munhu akasiyana zvachose Jesu Ha-. A hunhu akanaka nyore, asi dzinonakidza zvikuru. Waiva murume anobva kuNazareta, aizviti ane vaifamba muzivi. Heroes pachavo, kureva Mudzidzisi, uyo akanga achishanda ari ake pachake yokufungidzira, uye Voland, Jesu akatsanangura sezvo zvikabva Jesu Kristu. Saka, Jesu Ha-uye Jesu vamwe zvakafanana, yakafanana mugumo. Asi zvimwe vachiri vakasiyana mumwe.

Isa Yeshua Ha-yokufungidzira

Chinhu hunhu iri yokufungidzira chiratidzo chiedza uye kunaka. Iye - musiyano wakakwana kuna Woland, anonzi ishe rima. Jesu ari anenge ose storylines. Bulgakov akanyora nezvazvo pakutanga, zviri anotaurwa acho uye pakupera bhuku. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechokuti Ha-kwete kuita saMwari. Kazhinji, rose yokufungidzira kumbobvira Bulgakov haana kunyora pamusoro kudenga kana kuhero. All hama iyi kuti musiki bhuku, uye Mwari mumwe hakuzi mubvunzo.

Dzematongerwe, sokugamuchira hwaro, zvakawanda zvakafanana Gnostic kana Manichean. Panyaya iyi mapato vanokamurwa pachena zvakanaka uye zvakaipa. Sezvo shoko rinobuda, hapana rechitatu. Zvisinei, zvinonzi zvinoonekwa kuti mubhuku uye tiri vamiririri mumwe uye nedzimwe nzvimbo. Kudivi zvakanaka vachida Jesu Ha-, mumiririri zvakaipa ndiko Woland. Vanotoda vakaenzana uye hatina kodzero vachipindira nezvokuvapo uye zvinoitwa mumwe.

nezvimwewo zano

Yakati kumusoro, kuti zvakanaka uye zvakaipa havagoni kupindira mune mumwe dzevanhu. Asi ari yokufungidzira kunogona kuwanikwa kana Jesu vachatanga kuverenga bhuku Masters. Iye chikumbiro unoshamisa anofanira kushanda, uye akasarudza kutumira Woland Levi Matthew. Ndapota Jesu ndiye kusunungura Tenzi uye Margarita zvakaipa uye kuti mubayiro nerugare. Jesu Ha-vane mufananidzo sevakanga yakarukwa kubva zvakanaka, anosarudza kuita nezvimwewo, nokuti chibvumirano vasiri chipingaidzo mune nemumwe munyaya chakaitwa makore akawanda apfuura. Saka, Welcome pangozi uye anodzivisa basa zvakaipa.

mano Yeshua

Kunze chokwadi kuti Yeshua Ha-izvo inoti nemusoro anenge vose, aiva muzivi kukuru, iye nevakange simba guru. Izvi zvinoratidzwa pachena pamusoro mapeji yokufungidzira, kana muzivi Pirato anoporeswa nemusoro. Hongu, akanga ane chipo chaicho, asi panguva iyoyo akanga asina munhuwo, iro rinosimbisa Mikhail Bulgakov. Muna nganonyorwa "Tenzi Margarita" zvose zvinorondedzerwa zvakasiyana pane zviri muBhaibheri. Izvi runoratidzwa zvaiitika, kwakaitika pamusoro nyaya: Joshua Matthew akatarisa zvinyorwa uye vakavhunduka, nokuti zvinhu zvose chakataurwa nhema. Vamwe zviitiko uwirirane chokwadi, asi chete hafu. Saka Bulgakov aida kuratidza vanhu kuti Bhaibheri - kwete mureza, uye zvichida hafu zvarinotaura - nhema.

Uyezve, munyori anotaura kuti Jesu akafa, haana nhema, usapandukira mitemo yavo uye zvavanotenda. Ndizvo vose vanhu vakafara naye uye vayemura munhu chitsvene. Jesu akava kujairika chete nokuti raiva rechokwadi, nokururamisira uye kushinga. Bulgakov anoedza kuratidza zvose izvi unhu uye kuratidza vanhu: pano - yakanaka munhu chaiye.

Kuurayiwa mutambi

Mushure yakavhurwa mhosva Jesu, Pondiyo Pirato akasarudza kubata navo pasina mhirizhonga. Kwomushumo wake, akanyora kuti rimwe dzinodzungaira muzivi asingadi kuipa chero ngozi uye kazhinji vaiona kuvapengesa. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, Jesu akatumwa kuKesariya Stratonian reMediterranean. Izvi zvakaitika nokuti kuti murume nemashoko akaita kufara revanhu, uye chete vakasarudza kurega.

Sezvo musungwa Jesu mushumo zvakanyorwa kuti gavhuna, umo akaratidza maonero ake pamusoro chiito nezviremera - kuti vanoita vanhu vasungwa, uye pasina kwavari vanhu vachararama munyika yakasiyana zvachose, kuti, panzvimbo pane kururamisira uye chokwadi. Pashure pokuverenga mashoko, nagavhuna asarudza kuti aurayiwe Yeshua Ha-hakudzivisiki. Akataura chokwadi kuti murume akanga agumburwa mutongi, uye haagoni kupembedza ichi.

Panguva iyoyowo, Pondiyo Pirato akadanidzira kuti zvakanakisisa, nokururamisira uye kutendeseka hurumende, izvo zvinogona chete kuva pasi - ushe ichi chamambo Tibheriyo. Panguva ino nyaya Jesu rakavharwa. Pashure paizvozvo, paiva chitarafu gamba, kupfuura inotyisa uye rinorema - akarovererwa pamuchinjikwa pamuchinjikwa womuti. With pakufa Joshua zvose kunyura murima. Zvisinei, vagari vanenge anonzi aifunga shamwari dzavo uye kutenda kwavo, vanozviratidza ane zvakasiyana zvachose divi. Vagari vauye kuyemura anotyisa kuurayiwa, mufananidzo kuti vanofanira kuona vamwe zvinoguma kunomufadza. Saka anopedzisa nyika nzira Ha-Joshua, hunhu iri nechiyero brunt.

panzvimbo imwe epilogue

Kuisa pasi pfungwa dzavo pamusoro gamba, unofanira kuverenga hwavo rakasiyana rounyanzvi Bulgakov. Uye chete ipapo unogona kuona firimu, filmed yawo chikonzero. Nguva mugove tinyatsoziva vatambi kuti "Tenzi Margarita", kutapwa kwavo haringapiwi matongo, asi ndichauyisa mufaro mukuru.